• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2022

This paper introduces research on the hinge joint of modular structure joints using finite element analysis. The modular structure has a characteristic in that it is difficult to expect the integrity of columns and beams between unit modules because the construction is carried out such that the modules are stacked. However, the current modular design ignores these structural characteristics, considers the moment transmission for the lateral force, and analyzes it in the same manner as the existing steel structure. Moreover, to fasten the moment bonding, bolts are fastened outside and inside the module, resulting in an unreasonable situation in which the finish is added after assembly. To consider the characteristics that are difficult to expect, such as unity, a modular structure system using hinge joints was proposed. This paper proposed and reviewed the basic theory of joints by devising a modified scissors model that is modified from the scissors model used in other research to verify the transmission of load when changing from the existing moment junction to a hinge junction. Based on the basics, the results were verified by comparing them with Midas Gen, a structural analysis program. Additionally, the member strength and usability were reviewed by changing the modular structure designed as a moment joint to a hinge joint.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.84-91
• /
• 2015

In this paper, to overcome disadvantages of existing lining boards, the parametric studies to evaluate safety and verify performance of newly suggested lining boards was performed. Since the calculated stresses of steel plates are lower than the allowable stress for considered all analytical variables, end reinforcement locations, and crane rail loads, it can be concluded that the suggested lining board is structurally safe. Where, "$3,000{\times}2,000{\times}6t$" was select to be optimized cross-section and the reinforcement from the end to 200mm to the internal direction looks like the best case. In addition, the suggested lining board is economical since the steel amount per unit area compared to existing lining board is reduced by 36% and it can apply to the lining structural system of subway and underpass since construction speed is past due to the less installation number of lining boards.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
• /
• 2002.11b
• /
• pp.203-206
• /
• 2002

최근 웹을 기반으로 한 문서의 전자화가 이루어지면서 기존의 전통적인 펜기반 교정 시스템 또한 온라인 상의 전자 문서 환경에 맞게 변화하고 있다. 이러한 펜기반 입력 기법을 사용하는 교정 시스템에서는 일반 문서와 달리 웹 문서의 구조정보를 고려한 편집이 지원되어야 하며 또한 교정 부호와 텍스트 간의 정확한 영역 인식이 이루어져야 한다. 본 연구에서는 온라인 교정 시스템 모델링을 통하여 온라인 환경에 적합한 교정 부호를 정의하고, 교정 대상 텍스트 영역을 편집 가능한 단위로 구분하여 효율적인 편집 연산이 이루어 질 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 웹 기반의 구조문서(HTML/XML) 편집 환경을 고려하여 편집으로 인한 문서의 구조 정보 변경을 지원하기 위하여 텍스트를 비구조 및 구조정보 텍스트로 분류하여 정의하였다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 모델에 기반하여 교정 부호의 특성에 따른 가변적인 편집 텍스트 영역 인식 규칙 모델을 정의하여 교정 부호와 편집 텍스트 영역간의 모호성을 최소화 하고, 편집으로 인한 문서의 구조 정보 변경을 지원하는 시스템을 구현하였다. 결과적으로 온라인 웹 문서 환경에서 펜기반의 모호한 교정 부호의 입력을 인지적인 관점에서 해석하여 보다 정확한 교정 작업 수행을 지원하도록 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.283-287
• /
• 2004

본 논문은 뉴로-퍼지 모델의 구조 학습을 이용하여 단기 전력 수요 예측시스템을 개발하기 위한 체계적인 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 단기 수요 예측시스템은 1시간, 24시간, 168시간의 예측 리드 타임을 갖고 예측을 수행하기 위해서 요일 유형과 시간 별로 총 96개의 초기 구조를 미리 생성하고, 이를 초기 구조 뱅크에 저장한다. 예측이 수행되는 시접에 해당하는 초기 구조를 선택하여 뉴로-퍼지 모델을 초기화하고, 학습하고, 예측을 수행한다. 제안된 예측시스템은 단지 2개의 입력 변수만을 이용하기 때문에 간단한 모델 구조를 가질 뿐 아니라 학습된 퍼지 규칙을 해석하는 것이 매우 용이하다는 장점을 갖는다. 제안된 방법의 실효성을 검증하기 위해 1996년과 1997년의 한국전력의 실제 전력 수요 데이터를 이용하여 1시간, 24시간, 168시간 앞의 전력 수요를 예측하는 모의 실험을 수행한다. 실험 결과 제안된 방법은 단지 2개의 입력 변수를 사용함에도 불구하고, 기존의 예측 방법과 비교하여 예측의 정확도와 신뢰도 측면에서 우수한 성능을 얻는다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2001.07a
• /
• pp.323-326
• /
• 2001

본 논문은 뉴로-퍼지 모델의 구조 학습을 이용하여 단기 전력 수요 예측시스템을 개발하기 위한 체계적인 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 단기 수요 예측시스템은 1시간, 24시간, 168시간의 예측 리드 타임을 갖고 예측을 수행하기 위해서 요일 유형과 시간 별로 총 96개의 초기 구조를 미리 생성하고, 이를 초기 구조 뱅크에 저장한다. 예측이 수행되는 시점에 해당하는 초기 구조를 선택하여 뉴로-퍼지 모델을 초기화하고, 학습하고, 예측을 수행한다. 제안된 예측시스템은 단지 2개의 입력 변수만을 이용하기 때문에 간단한 모델 구조를 가질 뿐 아니라 학습된 퍼지 규칙을 해석하는 것이 매우 용이하다는 장점을 갖는다. 제안된 방법의 실효성을 검증하기 위해 1996년과 1997년의 한국전력의 실제 전력 수요 데이터를 이용하여 1시간, 24시간 168시간 앞의 전력 수요를 예측하는 모의 실험을 수행한다. 실험 결과 제안된 방법은 단지 2개의 입력 변수를 사용함에도 불구하고 기존의 예측 방법과 비교하여 예측의 정확도와 신뢰도 측면에서 우수한 성능을 얻는다.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.138-150
• /
• 1997

The late Quaternary stratigraphy of the tidal deposits in the Hampyung Bay, southwestern coast of Korea comprises 1) Unit III (nonmarine fluvial coarse-grained sediments), 2) Unit II (late Pleistocene tidal deposits), and 3) Unit I (late Holocene fine-grained tidal deposits) in ascending order. The basements of the Hampyung Bay is composed of granitic rocks and basic dyke rocks. These three units are of unconformally bounded sedimentary sequences. The sequence boundary between Unit I and Unit II, in particular, seems to be significant suggesting erosional surface and exposed to the air under the cold climate during the LGM. The uppermost stratigraphic sequence (Unit I) is a common tidal deposit formed under the transgression to highstand sea-level during the middle to late Holocene.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.37-49
• /
• 2014

This paper aims to interpret the transformation process of town plan of Gosan-up(高山), which was provincial administrative focus town in Josun dynasty, basing on morphological viewpoint. Morphological concepts, such as morphological frame, urban plan, kernel, colonization, route system, fixation line, fringe belt, plan unit & plan division, morphological period derived from the study of Conzen, M.R.G. and Caniggia, G. epidome district, break point, broken plot, urban fallow, privatization are adopted for the interpretation of urban form. Morphological period of Gosan can be divided in four ; formation of kernel & morphological structure, disintegration & redevelopment of the kernel, augmentative development of the kernel & formation of modern epidome district, outwards expanding of urbanized area, transition & reorganization of epidome district. Especially public leading projects such as construction of new regional connection road and public facilities such as myeon(township) office, agricultural cooperatives federation office, market, are main factors of morphological transformation of townplan. In the early stage, under the Japanese imperialism, construction of the new matrix route(Gosan-ro) through the kernel and followed planned routes gave way to disintegrating traditional areal plan unit and forming small block plan units in administrative facilities area. And linear plan units with commercial buildings were formed along the new matrix route and planned route adjacent to periodical market. In the latter stage, with development of public facilities, private sectors' large circulation institution and terminal outside the kernel with planned routes formed areal block based plan units with commercial and public buildings. And part of the spatial area with the linear plan unit were turned into urban fallow. With the transformation of town plan, new roads outside the kernel have substituted for traditional fixation line of waterway with road and topographical feature. Fringe belts were made successively along the new road and around the major intersections outside of existing urbanized area. Land use in fringe belts, constituting of outer locational tendency early on formation, was gradually replaced with commercial & business buildings.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.2 s.72
• /
• pp.213-219
• /
• 2006

Topology optimization problem requires numerous repeated evaluations of objective function and design sensitivity for elements within design domain with various density distributions. The recently proposed two-level condensation scheme(TLCS) is very promising for the construction of reduced system and for an accurate and efficient analysis concerned about eigenvalue and dynamic problems. We used the two-level dynamic condensation scheme for the analysis and sensitivity computation part in the structural topology optimization problem. The results of the topology optimization for the reduced system show the TLCS provides high accuracy and computation efficiency compared to the full scale system within engineering accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 1995

The crystal structure of 1-tert-butoxycarbonyl-4-[N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-N-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)amino]-3-phenylsulfonylpyrrolidind [C24H36O8N2S] has been from single crystal x-ray diffraction study ; C24H36O8N2S triclinic, p1, a=11.363(8)Å, b=11.589(6)Å, c=11.013(10)Å,α=95.32(6)°,β=98.64(7)°,γ=79.57(5)°,V=1406.8(18)Å3, t=293K, Z=2, CuKα(λ=1.5418Å). The molecular structure was solved by diredt method and refined by full-matrix least squares to a final R=9.78% for 3621 unique observed [F≥4σ(F)] reflections and 703 paramenters.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.759-768
• /
• 2015

The ground motions of large dimensional structures such as long span bridges at different stations during an earthquake, are inevitably different, which is known as the ground motion spatial variation effect. There are many causes that may result in the spatial variability in seismic ground motion, e.g., the wave passage effect due to the different arrival times of waves at different locations; the loss of coherency due to seismic waves scattering in the heterogeneous medium of the ground; the site amplification effect owing to different local soil properties. In previous researches, the site amplification effects have not been considered or considered by a single-layered soil model only. In this study, however, the ground motion amplification and filtering effects are evaluated by multi-layered soil model. Spatially varying ground motion at the sites with different number of layers, depths, and soil characteristics are generated and the variation characteristics of ground motion time histories according to the correlation of coherency loss function and soil conditions are evaluated. For the bridge system composed of two unit bridges, seismic behavior characteristics are analyzed using the generated seismic waves as input ground motion. Especially, relative displacement due to coherency loss and site effect which can cause the unseating and pounding between girders are evaluated. As a result, considering the soil conditions of each site are always important and should not be neglected for an accurate structural response analysis.