• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.277-277
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• 1994

Human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV-1 )은 복사에 필수적인 전사촉진단질유전자인 tat를 가지고 있다. 우리는 유전자 재조합기법을 사용하여 tat 유전자와 nef 유전자가 결핍된 HIV-1을 제조하였다. nef, tat-결핍 HIV-1 은 C $D_4$$^{+T}$ 세포에서 전혀 복제를 하지 못하였다. 반면, tat 단백질을 발현하도록 만들어진 재조합 Jurkat-tat세포에서는 복제능력을 다시 회복함을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 nef, tat-결핍 바이러스를 Jurkat-tat 세포에서 두달이상 계대배양했을 때, revertant가 전혀 생기지 않았다. 또한, nef, tat- 결핍 HIV-1 에 chloramphenicol acetyltransferase 유전자를 삽입시키고, 이의 발현정도를 측정함으로써 원형바이러스와 마찬가지로 민감하면서도 안전하고 편리하게 바이러스의 복제를 측정할 수 있었다. nef, tat- 결핍 바이러스는 항 HIV-1 제의 활성도를 측정하고자할 때 원형 바이러스의 대용으로 안전하게 사용될 수 있을것이다.다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.727-738
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of essential amino acid(EAA) deficient diets on short-term feeding response and the Fos expression in brain area when methionine deficiency diet fed, and thereby to know the mechanism of feed intake regulation. In all trials, experimental diets were formulated with pure amino acid mixture to level of 15% nitrogen. Rats were adapted to a 6-hr single-meal feeding per day(17:00${\sim}$21:00). Feed intake and body weight were monitored every hour after 7-day of feeding of individual EAA deficient diets in Exp. Ⅰ. In Exp. Ⅱ, Fos immuno- histochemistry was determined in various regions of brain to identify the regions that is related to suppressed feed intake following feeding methionine-deficient diet. Fos expression was examined to know the initial sensitive region in the brains of rats at 3h after feeding of the control and methionine deficient diet(-Met). Initial response to EAA deficiency diets was severely depressed in methionine deficiency diet, but the depression was low in threonine deficiency diet. However, the feed intake at 3rd day in rats was depressed in the order of His(71%), Leu(68%), Ile(66%), Thr(63%), Trp(61%), Val(55%), Phe(52%), Met(51%), Lys(44%) and Arg(24%). Fos immunoreaction in neural regions(PPC, amygdala and EPC) of pyrifrom cortex was increased in the -Met group more than in the control diet group, but those in LH, VMH and PVM were similar. Thus, based on these data, the PPC was identified as the initial response area in the -EAA diet.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.431-438
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• 1997

The influence of deficient(7${\mu}M$) and suffcient(1000${\mu}M$) magnesium(Mg) supply on the content of mg, chlorophyll, protein and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), scavengers of superoxide radical($O_2$), and ascorbate peroxidase(AP), $H_2O_2$scavenging enzyme, and glutathione redutase(GR) were studied in pumpkin(Cudurbita moscata $D_{UCHESNE}$) plants over a 11-day period. Over the 11 days Period of growth in nutrient solution with sufficient and deficient Mg supply, the contents of Mg, chlorophyll protein and the activities of the antioxidative enzymes remained more or less constant in Mg-sufficient leaves. In Mg-deficient leaves, the contents of Mg, chlorophyll and protein was seriously decreased with time, however the activities of SOD, AP and GR highly enhanced compared to those of Mg-sufficient. The results indicated the stimulative effect of Mg deficiency on toxic oxygen species and scavenging enzymes in plants.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.20 no.2 s.91
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• pp.112-115
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• 2005

E. coli in combination with bacteriophage $\lambda$ was used to overcome the intrinsic plasmid instability that is frequently found in recombinant fermentation especially in long-term operation. In order to enhance the stability and productivity, the bacteriophage ${\lambda}NM1070$ was used in this study. It is a $\lambda$ mutant, which is deficient in the synthesis of protein related to DNA packaging and cell lysis. The ${\lambda}NM1070$ is also a temperature-sensitive mutant. To optimize the production of recombinant protein in this temperature-sensitive system, the temperature effects on growth and cloned gene expression were investigated for stable and efficient recombinant gene expression. The induction to the lytic state was not complete at $36^{\circ}C$ while the temperature above $40^{\circ}C$ induced the lytic state completely. However, the productivity was decreased at $42^{\circ}C$ by temperature inhibition. The L-free cell concentration increased with the increase of temperature until $40^{\circ}C$. In conclusion, ${\lambda}NM1070$ has the optimal temperature at $38^{\circ}C$ for stability and at $40^{\circ}C$ for expression.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.253-261
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• 2007

Lactadherin is a glycoprotein of human milk fat globule membrane that binds to mucin and butyrophilin forming the protein complex. Especially, mucin and lactadherin in human milk efficiently protect infants with poor immune functions right after birth from infections by microorganisms and play important roles for their early survival, growth and development. Lactadherin inhibits the propagation and growth of rotavirus that is a global pathogen causing infants' diarrhea. Recently this protein was known to promote neovascularization and its deficiency related to develop Alzheimer's disease. In this study, the basic biochemical and physiological aspects of lactadherin were investigated. Messenger RNAs were isolated from mammary tissues from Korean women patients to clone a 1.2 kb cDNA and sequenced its DNA to determine its amino acid sequences. The cDNA was cloned to express its 43 kD protein in E. coli, which was confirmed by Western blot. The recombinant protein was purified and injected to 2 rabbits to raise antibodies against it. The semi-purified milk fat globule membrane proteins from Korean women was analyzed by Western blot using the rabbit antibody to give 70, 55, 46, 30 kD bands. Also several polymorphism and SNPs of lactadherin gene from Korean women were observed compared with those of Caucasian women.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.24 no.4 s.270
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• pp.136-141
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• 1992

수용성 비타민은 지용성비타민과는 달리 체내에 축적이 많이 되지 않기 때문에 자주 계속적으로 공급해 주어야 한다. 수용성비타민은 주로 탄수화물, 지방, 단백질의 대사작용에 작용하며 조효소의 구성성분이다. 수용성 비타민에는 비타민 B군(群)과 비타민 C가 있다. 비타민 B군에 속하는 비타민에는 비타민$B_1$(thiamin), 비타민 $B{_2}$(riboflavin), 나이아신(niacin), 비타민$B{_6}$(pyridoxine), 판토텐산(pantothenicaicd), 바이오틴(biotin), 콜린(choline), 엽산(folacin), 비타민$B_{12}$ 등이 있다. 이들 B군에 속하는 비타민들은 대체로 자연에 함께 존재한다. 즉, 어느 한가지가 풍부한 곳에는 B군에 속하는 다른 비타민들도 풍부하게 존재하고 있다. 따라서 인간이나 동물이 순수한 어느 한가지 비타민 B의 결핍증에 걸리기는 매우 어렵다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.283-290
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• 1988

A spontaneous revertant of mutation rbsB103 that is ribose taxis-positive was characterized. This revertant was found to be export-competent in the export of ribose-binding protein shown by the disappearance of accumulated mutant precursor protein and the export of mature ribose-binding protein to the periplasm. The reversional change was shown to be in the region of risB gene that codes for the amino terminal portion of ribose-binding protein. Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography of peptide patterns of ribose-binding proteins confirmed the relationship between the wild-type and the revertant proteins as shown for the mutant previously (Iida et al., 1985). When the processing rate of presursor proteins from the wild type and the revertant strain in vivo was compared by pulse-chase experiment, it was found that processing is less efficient than normal in the revertant. Purified mature proteins from both wild-type and revertant were subjected to amino acid sequencing. The results confirmed the amino acid changes deduced from the DNA sequencing and showed that processing of the revertant precursor occured in the correct position even though there are two different amino acids present in the signal sequence.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.284-288
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• 2009

The innate immune system is important for the first line of host defence against infectious agents, which have penetrated the mechanical barriers. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL or mannan-binding protein, MBP) is a serum protein that is synthesized in the liver as a part of the acute phase response. MBL binds to carbohydrate structures presented by a wide range of pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. MBL is synthesized as a monomer that has a carboxy-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain, a neck region and a collagen region. Low MBL level was reported to be the most frequent immuno-deficiency syndrome. Although extensive studies have yielded detailed information on the structure of MBL, functions of the MBL complex are not fully understood yet. We, here, present cloning process of MBL cDNA from the rat liver and production of truncated recombinant MBL protein using a bacterial expression system in order to produce anti-MBL polyclonal antibody. Anti-MBL polyclonal antibody was raised in a New Zealand rabbit and its affinity was tested against recombinant protein using western blot technique. MBL cDNA, recombinant protein and anti-MBL antibody could be used as great arsenals to dissect cellular biochemistry of MBL.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.199-204
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• 1996

부산시 사하구 관내 통합보건지역 주민 100여명을 대상으로 1995년 9월 1일부터 9월 30일까지 실시한 영양실태 조사의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 헤모글로빈 함량은 평균 13.19g/100ml이었으나, 빈혈이 의심되는 조사대상자는 21%이었다. 혈청 알부민 함량은 4.08g/100ml, 총 단백질 함량은 7.81g/100ml로 나타났다. 2) 열량 섭취량은 권장량의 63.1~82.0%를 나타내었으며, 탄수화물, 지방, 단백질의 구성비율은 63.2~72.4% : 13.2~19.5% : 14.4~18.5%이었다. 단백질은 권장량의 79.4%~98.5%의 섭취량을 보였으나, 칼슘, 철, 비타민 $B_{1}$, 비타민 $B_{2}$, niacin, 비타민 C 등은 권장량보다 낮은 섭취를 보이는 주민이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 3) 조사 대상자의 18.5%가 점심을 결식하는 것으로 나타났고, 한끼 평균 4.0~9.3가지, 하루 평균 10.9~14.9가지의 식품을 섭취하고 있었다. 4) 해당 영양소의 결핍이 우려되는 수준인 영양권장량의 75% 미만을 섭취하고 있는 주민의 비율이 단백질이 34%, 칼슘 71%, 철분 47%, 비타민 $B_{1}$ 30%, 비타민 $B_{2}$ 30%, niacin 30%로 매우 높음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 1993

A nutrition survey of 99 children, 3 to 6 years old, in the day care center, situated in Kamman-dong of Pusan, as the location of one of the socioeconomically vulnerable groups, was undertaken between July 1 and 14, 1992, to investigate dietary intake and nutritional status. The results are summarized as follows. Hematocrit value was 38.9%. Mean content of serum iron was 53.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/100$m\ell$ and 17.2% of the subjects were below the borderline of anemia. Mean contents of serum total protein, serum albumin and serum complement $C_3$were at an acceptable level, But, 27% of the subjects were below the borderline of protein deficiency, Energy intake of the children was 68.6~87.5% of the RDAs and mean protein intake was 94.1~114.1% of the recommendation. Low intake of Ca, Fe, vitamin A, B$_1$, B$_2$, C, niarin were also found. The survey found 10% of the subjects skipped a meal once a day, The children intake 3.3~5.5 kinds of the food every meal. The following percentages of the children intake below 75% of the RDAs ; 68% of the children for Fe, 60.2% for vitamin C, 58.3% for niacin, 58.2% for Ca, 46.6% for energy, 37.9% of vitamin B$_2$, 37.8% of vitamin B$_1$.