• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.343-351
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• 2014

The present study performed semantic network analysis of the keywords in the headlines of newspapers to investigate the media coverage of the multidrug-resistant microorganisms(MDROs) which is resistant to antibiotics. For this purpose, 229 news stories on MDROs in 28 newspapers from June 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011 were analyzed. The news stories were gathered from the Korea Press Foundation's news database, KINDS (www.kinds.or.kr) and websites of Korean newspapers. The analysis of the keywords revealed 'superbacteria' appeared most frequently (n=155) followed by 'infection' (n=63) which arouses fear among readers. While network was structured with the keywords such as 'domestic', 'multidrug-resistant microorganisms', 'first', 'antibiotics', 'outbreak' and 'infection', the keywords such as 'MDROs related stocks', 'medical staff', and 'safety' were on the periphery of the network.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.414-421
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• 2008

Background: Recently, in addition to multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has become rapidly growing public health threat. This study examined the clinical differences between pulmonary TB patients with extensively drug resistance (XDR) and multi-drug resistance (MDR) at the National Medical Center in Korea in order to determine the clinical characteristics associated more with XDR-TB than MDR-TB. Methods: Patients who received a diagnosis of culture-confirmed pulmonary TB and a drug sensitivity test (DST) for anti-TB drugs at the National Medical Center between January 2000 and August 2007 were enrolled in this study. The patients were identified into the XDR-TB or MDR-TB group according to the DST results. The clinical characteristics were reviewed retrospectively from the medical records. Statistical analysis for the comparisons was performed using a ${\chi}^2$-test, independent samples t-test or binary logistic regression where appropriate. Results: A total 314 patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary TB were included. Among them, 18 patients (5.7%) had XDR-TB and 69 patients (22%) had MDR-TB excluding XDR-TB. A comparison of the clinical characteristics, revealed the XDR-TB group to have a higher frequency of a prior pulmonary resection for the treatment of TB (odds ratio [OR], 3.974; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.052~15.011; P value 0.032) and longer average previous treatment duration with anti-TB drugs, including a treatment interruption period prior to the diagnosis of XDR, than the MDR-TB group (XDR-TB group, 72.67 months; MDR-TB group, 13.09 months; average treatment duration difference between two groups, 59.582 months; 95% CI, 31.743~87.420; P value, 0.000). In addition, a longer previous treatment duration with anti-TB drugs was significantly associated with XDR-TB (OR, 1.076; 95% CI, 1.038~1.117; P value, 0.000). A comparison of the other clinical characteristics revealed the XDR-TB group to have a higher frequency of male gender, diabetes mellitus (DM), age under 45, treatment interruption history, cavitations on simple chest radiograph and positive result of sputum AFB staining at the time of diagnosis of XDR. However, the association was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Pulmonary TB patients with XDR have a higher frequency of a prior pulmonary resection and longer previous treatment duration with anti-TB drugs than those with MDR. In addition, a longer previous treatment duration with anti-TB drugs is significantly associated with XDR-TB.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.853-869
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• 2000

Background : Following several decades of decline, the incidence of tuberculosis has recent1y begun to increase in many countries of this the control of this disease has been impeded by the emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The development of rapid diagnostic methods and effective new drugs are needed to control MDR-TB. One of the new drugs for MDR-TB is rifabutin (RBU) which has been known to be effective in some patients with MDR-TB. A few reports showed that some types of mutations of the rpoB gene, which were known to be present in 96-98% of rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis, were associated with the rifampicin-resistant but RBU-susceptible phenotype. This study was performed to investigate the correlation between RBU susceptibility and the patterns of rpoB gene mutations in Korean MDR-TB. Methods : Sixty-five clinical isolates of multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, gathered from patients who visited the Asan Medical Center from July 1997 to June 1999, were investigated. Clinical responses to rifabutin-containing regimen were evaluated. An RBU susceptibility test and sequencing analysis of rpoB gene were performed, and the results were analyzed to confirm which mutations correlated with RBU-susceptible MDR-TB. Results : Fifty-three of 56 (95%) clinical isolates of MDR-TB had 60 mutations of the rpoB gene. The most frequent mutations were found at codon 531 (43%), and two mutations were combined in seven clinical isolates. Five of 53 (10%) clinical isolates showed the RBU-susceptible phenotype, and in them the characteristic patterns of point mutations were found at codon 509, 516, and 526. Conclusion : The frequency and pattern of mutations of the rpoB gene of Korean MDR-TB isolates were similar to those in western countries, where the prevalence of tuberculosis is low, but some show RBU-susceptible phenotypes. RBU-susceptible MDR-TB isolates showed the characteristic pattern of mutations of the rpoB gene which could be used to rapidly diagnose RBU susceptibility.

• 보건세계
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• v.54 no.6 s.610
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• pp.24-27
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• 2007

• 보건세계
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• v.54 no.7 s.611
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• pp.26-29
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• 2007

• 보건세계
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• v.54 no.10 s.614
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• pp.26-27
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• 2007

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.87-97
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of simulation based education using standardized patient for contact precaution infection control for nursing student. This study was conducted by including 67 nursing student A university from October to December 2019. This study was mixed method research design. Knowledge and performance confidence related to multidrug resistant organism(MDRO) infection control were measured using questionnaires pre and post test, analyzed using paired t-test and reflection sheet was analyzed using content analysis method. After intervention, two variables were increased significantly. Results of the content analysis showed there were 39 significant statements, which were classified into 13 categories. These results suggest that education on simulation program using standardized patient for contact precaution infection control is effective strategy to enhance knowledge and performance confidence related to MDRO infection control and practical nursing infection control skill, patient centered care, interprofessional collaboration.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.786-792
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• 1997

A clinical study of 71 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis that had had surgical resection during the period of 7 years and 6months from January 1989 to June 1996 in National Masan Tuberculosis Hospital. The results were as follows. 1. The ratio of male to female was 3.7:1 and in the age incidence the fourth decade was 22%, the third decade 15%. Although medical treatment was performed for more than 3 to 6 months, preoHeratively the conversion failure rate of positive sputum to negative state was 66.2%(47 cases). Of the failure cases, multiple-drug-resistant(MDR) patients were 41 cases(87.2%), 3. In MDR group, preoperatively conversion failure rate was 71.9%. 4. From the view of indica ion for lung resection on the radiographic finding, cavitary lesions were 43 cases(60.6%), destroyed lung lesions were 24 cases(33.8%). 5. The incidence of postoperative complication was 28.2%(20 cases). All cases were MDR 6. group and the most common of complication was tuberculosis spreading. In bilateral lesion, incidence of postoperative tuberculosis spreading was 25%(7 cases). Of the 7 cases, there was the cavitary lesion in 6 cases(86.7%). Total conversion rate of AFB positive sputum to negative state related to resectional sugery was 76.6% and in MDR group conversion rate of AFB positive sputum to negative state was 73.2% Conversion rate of MDR group with bilateral lesion was the lowest(60%). Conversion rate of drug-sensitivity group was 100% regardeless of lesions Slt to. In conclusion, despite of long-standing medical treatment, it is difficult to converse sputum-positive to negative state in multiple-drug resistance patients and that increases postoperative complications su h as tuberculosis relapse as a lack of appropriate drugs postoperatively. Postoperative conversion rate of sputum-positive to negative state was decreased in multiple-drug resistance patients. Because multiple-drug resistance patients have inireased due to several factors in Korea, it is important to prevent spreading of multiple-drug resistnce patients through the aggressive operative treatment. When the first medical therapy is fail or drug-resistance is found, operative treatment should be considered with the secondary medical therapy. The operation should be aggressively attempted even though at first medical treatment if indicated.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.367-377
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• 2003

Background : It is well known that only 10% of those infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis actually develop clinical disease, indicating the existence of host genetic factors regulating disease expression. In this study, we investigated HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 gene polymorphisms in Korean patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Methods : HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 gene polymorphisms were investigated in 67 PTB patients without previous treatment history, 38 drug-sensitive (DS) and 29 multidrug-resistant (MDR) cases, and 200 healthy controls. HLA-DRB1 typing was done using reverse SSO (sequence specific oligonucleotide) and PCR-SSCP (single strand conformational polymorphism) methods and DQB1 typing was done using PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), PCR-SSCP and PCR-SSP (sequence specific primer) methods. Results : Among the PTB patients, MDR-TB cases showed frequencies of DRB1*0701 and *08032 increased by about two-fold compared to those of normal controls, and likewise for their associated DQB1 alleles, DQB1*0202 and *0601 (15.5% vs. 34.5%, p=0.01). The frequency of HLA-DQB1*0609 was significantly increased in PTB patients (4.0% vs. 14.9%, p=0.004), showing similar increases in both DS and MDR cases. There was also an association of HLA alleles with the clinical severity of the disease according to the extent of lung lesion. Significantly increased frequencies of DRB1*08032 (4.2% vs. 32.6%, p=0.007) and DQB1*0601 (12.5% vs. 34.9%, p=0.047) were observed in more advanced (moderately & far advanced/DS and far advanced/MDR), compared with less advanced (minimal/DS and moderately advanced/MDR) lung lesions. Although DRB1*0701, DQB1*0202 and DQB1*0609 showed significant increases in different subsets of the disease, these HLA alleles did not show consistent association with disease severity. Conclusion : HLA-DRB1*08032 and DQB1*0601 alleles were associated with genetic susceptibility to MDR-TB in Korean patients, and also with disease severity and progression of PTB.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.442-444
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• 2018

Recently, we isolated a multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strain KBN10P04869 from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. We report the complete genome of this strain which consists of 5,104,264 bp with 4,457 protein-coding genes, 88 tRNAs, and 22 rRNAs, and the co-occurrence of multidrug- resistant genes including $^{bla}CMY-2$, $^{bla}TEM-1$, $^{bla}CTX-M-15$, $^{bla}NDM-5$, and $^{bla}OXA-18$.