• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.221-234
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the policy compliance according to the socio-demographic characteristics, stress, satisfaction of relationship, Health Belief Model and characteristics of smoking behaviors and knowledge related smoking of the residents living in the Smoke-free apartment and to investigate the change of the smoking related behavior before and after the implementation of the policy. Methods: The subjects of the survey were 293 residents aged 19 or older who reside in apartments six months after the designation of Smoke-free apartment located in Daejeon. All collected data were analyzed using T-test, ANOVA and Hierarchical multiple regression of SPSS for windows(ver 24.0) program. Results: The policy compliance was higher in women and those who lived for less than two years, and non-smokers were significantly higher. The policy compliance of the whole subjects was related to satisfaction with the surrounding relationship, perceived disability about smoking cessation, frequency of smoking and the amount of smoking. The policy compliance of the whole subjects was related to the satisfaction of the surrounding relationship, the perceived disability about smoking cessation, and the amount of smoking. In addition, after the implementation of the gold research station designation policy, it had a positive impact on smoker's smoking behavior and resulted in reducing the frequency of secondhand smoke among residents. Conclusions: In order to increase the compliance of the non-smoking policy It is necessary to continuously expand the indoor smoking cessation zone policy, develop policies and supplement the health belief model components.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.42-53
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine the space usage behaviors of dwelling by using field study method and by interviewing residents of apartment houses in rural areas. It has been found that the main occupancy space among the residents of apartment houses in rural area is based on agricultural activities. This study will show that apartment houses in rural areas must, as a necessity, reflect the characteristics and needs of its rural environment. It is certain that the existing "unit plan" is not a suitable method. Residents of rural areas have been able to adjust themselves to their current dwelling space properly. This is, mainly, due to economic factors. The interior space is used for simple everyday activities like loading, deposit and drying things. "Nongmak" is a space used for agricultural work and the balcony is used for storage of various things. In conclusion, this study strongly suggested that secure storage space based on the farmhouse model and rural lifestyle should be necessary. Furthermore, special designed cubic shelves should be placed in utility rooms and balconys. And the design and function of apartment houses in rural areas must reflect the needs of its residents.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.91-98
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• 2011

The housing environment of the weak class in rural area is inferior, the elderly ratio is high, and senior citizens whose living by themselves are increasing. This study was to analyze the actual conditions of utilization status, characterization of residency, management method of the federation of construction associate's love house and local government's case, and usage of the village hall. For better study, we reviewed the literatures and conducted field surveys. The purpose of this study is to suggest a development plan of rural community living homes. The results of this study were as follows; First, it is important for proper site of rural community living home plans to select adjacent location in the surrounding medical and welfare facilities(including community facilities). Second, the living space for one person does not need such a space; about $33m^2$ is suitable. Third, it is important to use surplus area to make kitchen garden in the site planning. Also the architectural plans must be considered to minimize the maintenance costs for the sustainability of the house and winter heating expense problem.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.71-78
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• 2008

The study was intended to suggest the design alternatives and guidelines of village community center as a common living space for the elderly in rural area. First, two design alternatives were derived from the previous research which examined the conditions and old persons' needs of village community center. Then, the design guidelines were proposed on the basis of the previous research and the elderly's evaluation for those two alternatives. The subjects were 85 old residents who were more than 60 years old and lived in rural area in Gyungnam. The interview was carried out using a questionnaire, models, and isometrics of two alternatives. The subjects evaluated positively both of two alternatives. The design guidelines of village community center were derived as follows: Both of two alternatives can be used as a model of village community center. The dining and living space in the center should be opened and large. Both of indoor and outdoor toilet should be arranged in village community center. Also, each toilet for man and woman should be separated.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the structure and use change of the private space according to the balcony expansion and use it as the data of plan design. According to Bay, front length/width ratio and the change of balcony space before and after expansion of space organization of house units were analyzed. Common characteristics of Flat type and Tower type are an increase of the frontage length of house units in an apartment, an increase of the number of front bay, and an increase of integrated LDK focusing on living room. A difference is that Flat type shows high frontage ratio, Bay figure, and spatial arrangement favorable to front openness and lighting. Flat type shows higher area distribution than Tower type in LDK area distribution located in at the plane center. Spatial expandability and visual openness of Flat type are more beneficial than those of Tower type in the planning, and a balcony extension of house units has developed to direction to open more. Tower type creates various block images through a combination of house units focusing on the core. Uses after balcony expansion are area expansion of a balcony-neighboring room, storage space, expansion and function improvement of the variable range, and specialized space different from a neighboring room. In addition, there is no escapable space except for a shelter, so unit plan should be prepared to prevent using it other space of a shelter and to solve moving line of two-way horizontal refuge and vertical refuge.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

The main purpose of the research is to prevent residents who are using underground parking lot from being exposed to pollusion, and to allow them to enjoy clean indoor environment. The study subject for the research are underground parking lots in 20 different apartments, 4 of them were constructed before 2000, 10 were constructed from 2000-2010, and the rest were constructed after 2010. By analyzing the air quality in these underground parking lots, we found out that O3, NO2, CO, PM10, Radon in all parking lots were not excessive compared to the standard limit. TVOC rate was measured with the value in between 312 ~ 2,137㎍/m3, with CO2 value in between 193~1,824 ppm, and HCHO with the value in between 0.01~1.52ppm. The lightning system in underground parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 were using manual light control system, while automatic light control system was used in all apartments constructed after 2000, and the brightness of parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 was quite low. The apartments constructed after 2000 are performing cleaning and ventilation due to management agreement, while the apartments constructed before 2000 are not performing regular cleaning and there was no mechanical ventilation system installed. The difference of indoor air quality was significant seasonally, daily, and yearly (year of construction), while illuminance was significantly different yearly.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.97-105
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• 1996

This study conducted to determine the evaluation and improvement for enforcement of the waste recycling system in Pohang city and surveyed 4 areas at the southern and northern districts respectively by a team of two officials during the period 6 February 7 February 1995. The rates of the use for waste recycling system's envelope from home trash were 94.2% at the northern district and 92.8% at the southern district by areas, 95.6% at the group houses (apartments and tenement houses) and 91.3% at the separate houses by patterns of house, the low economic class 96.4%, the middle economic class 96.3% and the upper economic class 87.5% by the economic levels, and the bell method 96.5%, the container method 95.6%, door take method 86.1% in order, respectively. The trash from houses were garbage 57.4%, paper 18.7%, plastic 10.3%, fiber 7.9%, bottle 2.7%, metal and can 1.4%, and wood and rubber 0.7% in order. The rates of the reuse trash(reuse possible paper, plastic, bottle, can and metal) were 20.2% of the total, 21.8% at the southern district and 18.5% at the northern district by areas, 25.7% at the separate houses and 14.7% at the group houses(apartments and tenement houses) by patterns of house, and the door take method 34.3%, the bell take method 17.1% and the container take method 14.7% in order, respectively. There were the double envelopes of the plastic bag from stories 46.3% and the clear plastic bag 29.5% in the waste cycling system's envelopes. There were 1.9 double envelopes in the waste cycling system's envelopes. Garbage occupied more than half of the total trash, so it is need to be compost and provender.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.83-95
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• 2004

Chilgok District is a historical area, which has had a certain amount of development. It has its own regional characteristics originating from its isolation from the existing built up area of Daegu City by the Kumho River This study explores the historical development processes and pending development issues of Chilgok District. In 1640 after the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592, the district upgraded into Chilgok Dohobu due to its importance as a transportation hub of Youngnamdaero(the main road of Youngnam province in Chosun Dynasty). In its early stages, the government office was located in Kasan fortress, later the of office was moved to Eupnae-Dong. The Chilgok district has experienced a developmental lag resulting from the office's removal to Waegwan, located on the Kyungbu railroad since 1914. Later, due to the increasing influence of nearby Daegu City, urbanization continued gradually. Finally in 1981 Chilgok district was officially incorporated into Daegu Metropolitan City. In the later 1980s, the housing land development project was applied into the district centered on the alluvial plain of Palgeo-Cheon(stream) of the Northern part of Taejun-Bridge. Although the old built up zone was excluded from public sector development projects, private sector development has made the zone a modern town. Now, Chilgok district has transformed into a high-density residential new town in which high-rise apartment complexes mingle with numerous houses. As the district has developed, traffic jams have become a hot issue and it is going to get worse than now as the development continues. To solve this problem, Daegu city needs to swiftly construct the fourth belt way and the third subway line.