• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 1987

1. In the vegetable crops, only MEP and Malathion showed a litte higher positive rate than other pesticides in general. On the other hand, parathion and captan were not detectable at all. 2. In the fruits, pesticides, MEP, PAP and Parathion had a little high positive rate, and Diazinon, and captan were not detectable at all. 3. However, the detected values of the pesticides in the vegetables and fruits were far below from korean tolerances and internationally recommended limits and tolerances, showing only $\frac{1}{3}{\sim}\frac{1}{66}$ and $\frac{1}{8}{\sim}\frac{1}{500}$ of Korean tolerance in vegetables and fruits, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

Dissipation constants and half-lives of acaricides etoxazole and flufenoxuron in apples were calculated to establish their pre-harvest residue limits (PHRLs). The acaricides were sprayed on apples with single and triple doses based on safe use guidelines, and their residual patterns in the apple were interpreted using first order kinetics equation. The residual amounts of acaricides during the experimental period were below their maximum residue limits (MRL) for apple. The dissipation constants of acaricides in the apples were calculated at 0.0788 for etoxazole and 0.0319 for flufenoxuron corresponding to their biological half-lives; 8.8~21.7 days for etoxazole and 21.7~23.1 days for flufenoxuron. The PHRLs of acaricides in the apple showed the residual amounts of etoxazole and flufenoxuron at the harvesting date would be below their MRLs if their residual amounts were less than 0.87 and 0.88 mg/kg, respectively, at 7 days prior to harvesting the apples.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 2004

The study was carried out to investigate the pesticide residual characteristics in peaches, pear and grape. Pesticide residue patterns were remarkably different because of major factors affecting the pesticide residue patterns such as ratios of surface to weight, surface matrices, cultivations, sizes, increase rate of weight, and varieties of fruits, etc.. Pesticide residue levels in grape appeared higher than those in peaches and pear, because the pesticide solution sprayed was infiltrated and accumulated between grape granules. The matrices composing of fruit surface and the ratios of surface area to weight on fruits seemed to playa key role for determining the pesticide residual characteristics in fruits.

• Life and Agrochemicals
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• v.26 no.10 s.213
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• pp.22-24
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• 2005

“시중 채소류 잔류농약 범벅”신문이나 TV에 자주 등장하는 낯익은(?) 제목이다. 그리고는“조사대상 농산물 중 OO% 허용기준치초과. 최고 OO배에 달해, 사용이 금지된 농약도 나와, 잔류농약은 식품과 함께 일생동안 섭취되기 때문에 만성중독 가능성을 배제할 수 없다”같은 내용이 그 뒤를 잇는다. “일생동안 섭취”문제는 이미 지난 10월호에서“1일 섭취허용량” 을 다루었기 때문에 이해가 된다. 하지만 식생활을 하면서 농약 섭취가 1일섭취허용량 이하로 되도록 하려면 식품에 농약이 어느 정도까지 있어야 안전한가?”가 의문이다. 그 허용기준이 농산물(식품) 중“농약잔류허용기준”이다. 이는 보통“기준치, 허용치, 허용기준, 허용기준치, 잔류허용기준”등으로 불리우고 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.463-470
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• 2011

This study was carried out to survey the residual characteristic of chlorpyrifos and estimate their residues in squash before harvest. The pesticide was sprayed onto the crop at the recommended and its double rates 10 days before the prearranged harvest and sampling was done at 0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 10 days after spraying. The amounts of the chlorpyrifos residue in the crop was analyzed by chromatographic method. Limit of detection (LOD) of chlorpyrifos was 0.005 mg/kg and its recovery ranged from 95.21 to 102.69%. The initial concentration of chlorpyrifos sprayed with recommended dose exceeded its MRL of 0.1 mg/kg but its concentration was less than its MRL 10 days after application. However its concentration in case of the double dose was over its MRL both immediately and 10 days after application. Biological half-lives of chlorpyrifos sprayed onto squash was 2.5 and 2.9 days at the recommended and double doses, respectively. Ten days later, the residual concentration of chlorpyrifos in squash was decreased substantially. The concentration of chlorpyrifos was estimated in squash at the given day using its regression equations. The estimated concentration of chlorpyrifos in case of application with recommended dose was below its MRL at 10 days after application but its concentration in case of application with double dose was over its MRL at 10 days of the prearranged harvest. The rate of the estimated daily intake (EDI) of chlorpyrifos to its acceptable daily intake (ADI) was 282% right after application but it decreased to less than 18% at 10 days of the prearranged harvest.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate changes in pesticide residues in eggplant and lettuce during washing and cooking processes after application with azoxystrobin. Eggplant was processed with running washing, steaming, and stir-frying, and lettuce was processed with soaking washing, running washing, soaking and running washing, ultrasonic cleaning, and blanching. The limit of quantitation of GC analysis of azoxystrobin was 0.01 mg/kg and the recovery rate was 84.7-109.5%. The azoxystrobin processing factors (PFs) and reduction rates in eggplant and lettuce were calculated and the results were as follows. In the case of eggplant, the azoxystrobin PF and reduction rate of running washing were 0.29 and 71.1%, respectively, those of steaming were 0.32 and 68.0%, respectively, and those of stir-frying were 0.24 and 75.7%, respectively. In the case of lettuce, the azoxystrobin PF and reduction rate of soaking washing were 0.25, 75.3%, those of running washing were 0.61 and 38.9%, respectively, those of soaking and running washing were 0.32, 68.0%, those of ultrasonic cleaning were 0.47 and 53.1%, respectively, and those of blanching were 0.26 and 73.6%, respectively. It could be identified that pesticide residues in eggplant and lettuce can be effectively reduced through washing and cooking processes and that most of pesticide residues were removed when cooking processes were undergone after washing. Therefore, azoxystrobin PFs after washing and processing can be provided as basic data for risk assessment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.440-446
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• 2003

농산물의 품질 향상과 생산성 증대를 위해 농약의 적절한 사용이 필요하다. 그러나 농약을 적절히 사용해도 수확 농산물의 표면이나 내부에는 농약이 잔류할 가능성이 항상 있다. 농약의 과다한 잔류는 국민 보건상 커다란 문제가 될 수 있으므로 농약의 잔류량을 신속히 측정할 수 있는 분석법이 절실히 요구되고 있다(박, 2003). 살충제 Imidacloprid는 유기인계 살충제로 해충에 전신마비, 이완, 활동성 저하 등을 일으켜 박멸한다. 국내에서는 귤굴나방, 조팝나무 진딧물, 벼멸구, 굼벵이 류 등의 방제를 위해 감귤, 사과, 고추, 배, 장미, 복숭아 및 벼농사에 광범위하게 사용되고 있다(Bayer CropScience-Korea, 2002). (중략)

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 1986

소, 돼지, 닭 및 염소의 근육, 지방조직 및 내장부위에서 11가지 유기염소계 잔류농약을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 육류시료 모두에서 검출된 유기염소계의 잔류량은 $\alpha$-BHC, $eta$-BHC, pp'-DDE, Heptachlor epoxide, ${\gamma}$-BHC순으로 검출되었고, Heptachlor, pp'-DDE 및 pp'-DDD는 극미량 내지는 흔적 정도 검출되었고 Drins류는 검출되지 않았다. 2. Total BHC 잔류량의 범위는 소의 경우 0.389ppb~1.111ppb로 평균 0.713ppb였고, 돼지는 0.139ppb~0.150ppb로 평균 0.631ppb였으며 닭은 0.312ppb~0.80ppb로서 평균 0.517ppb였다. 그리고 염소의 경우에는 0.238ppb~1.134ppb로써 평균 0.586ppb의 수준이었다. 3. 육류별 잔류량은 소, 돼지, 염소, 닭의 순서이고 부위별 잔류량은 지방조직이 가장 많았고 그 다음이 근육, 그외 부위별 잔류량의 차이는 거의 없었다.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the residue patterns of two neonicotinoid insecticides, dinotefuran and thiacloprid, commonly used for cucumber, were subjected to indicate a residual characteristic under greenhouse conditions. The pesticides were sprayed onto the crop at recommended and double doses 7 days before harvest and then sampling was done 0, 2, 3, 5, and 7 days after spraying. The amounts of their residues in the crop were analyzed with an HPLC. Their detection limits were 0.01 mg/kg for dinotefuran and 0.005 mg/kg for thiacloprid. Mean recoveries of dinotefuran and thiacloprid were from 85.78 to 89.52 and from 85.71 to 95.31%, respectively. Half-lives of dinotefuran and thiacloprid were 2.8 and 1.8 days at the recommended dose and 2.8 and 1.5 days at the doubled dose, respectively. The ratios of the EDI to ADI by intake the crop harvested 7 days after spraying were less than 0.1% of their ADIs.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.228-235
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• 2014

The residue levels of flonicamid and its metabolites, 4-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid (TFNA) and N-4-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinoyl glycine (TFNG) in sweer pepper were investigated to examine the residual characteristics of analytes for 87 days after pesticide application. The pesticide was applied once at recommended dosage and double dosage by foliar sprays and the samples of fruits and leaves of sweet pepper were collected for each treatment. The residues of flonicamid in all of fruits and leaves decreased gradually over time, while the residue levels of TFNG metabolite exhibited tendency that increased for long periods and thereafter decreased. Total flonicamid residual concentrations containing metabolites residues in fruit samples increased consistently until 30 days post-application and higher residue levels than residues at 1 day post-application were detected from 30 day to 87 day after treatment. The residue pattern observed in fruit could be explained by the movement of TFNG from leaves to fruits of plant. Such residual characteristic was similarly found in samples treated both recommended dosage and double dosage.