• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.255-265
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• 1991

In order to find the excavating performance of water-jet nozzle on the sand, the authors were carried out the excavating experiment with the model nozzles which were semi circular sectioned nozzles and rectangular nozzle in water tank. The results were as follows. 1) Excavating maximum depth and width on the sand by the water jet were straightly increased in proportion to the velocity of water jet and the section area of nozzle, and that, by the nozzle distance from the excavating point on the sand, the depth was decreased, while the width was increased straightly. 2) Rectangular nozzle which the thick of hole is 1mm, was a little bit better than the circular nozzle of the same sectioned area on the excavating performance. 3) Empirical equations between the velocity of water jet, the distance of nozzle, and the maximum excavating depth and width by angle of nozzle were expressed as linear, they were as follows on the 45$^{\circ}$ angle of the rectangular nozzle(1$\times$12mm); D=0.0093V sub(0)-0.23H+5.7. W=0.0147V sub(0)+1.06H+10.2. where, D is the maximum excavating depth(cm), W is the maximum excavation width(cm), V sub(0) is the velocity of water jet(cm/s); 926$\leq$V sub(0)$\leq$1504, H is the distance(cm) from nozzle tip to water-jetted point on the surface of sand.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.1108-1111
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• 2017

The nozzle exit shape is scarfed according to the external shape of missile when the nozzle axis should be canted from missile axis due to missile system application. There is inevitable thrust loss for the scarfed nozzle comparing to non-scarfed nozzle. The numerical analysis is necessary to calculate the thrust loss in design process, and ground tests of rocket motor were performed to verify the calculation results. From the comparison of non-scarfed nozzle and scarfed nozzle experiment results, the thrust loss from calculation was about 16.6% and that from experiments was about 15.0%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.47-53
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• 2006

In this paper, the thermal insulator structure of a real rocket which is fabricated in a way that laminated composite rings are connected in series is analyzed using 3-dimensional axisymmetric finite element models. Simulation of cowl zone using a real operating conditions provides that the stress distribution in the laminated composite ring is largely influenced by ply-angles, axial dimensions, and boundary conditions. Notably the plylift that is the precursor to the wedge-out occurs in the ring-to-ring bonding region. It is hypothesized that after the plylift the wedge is dropped out due to the shear stresses in the ply-angle direction and axial compressive stresses.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.757-764
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• 2011

In this study, we analysed the influence of the performance and inflow flow of a radial inflow turbine with the variation of vane nozzle exit angles for a 100kW class turbine applicable in the waste heat recovery system. For this, three-dimensional CFD analysis was performed using commercial code called ANSYS Fluent 12.1. As the vane nozzle exit angle was more increased the reattachment region near blades of the vane nozzle got smaller, and also the Mach number at vane nozzle exit was observed to be 1 due to the effect of the cross section reduction. Through this study, we expect that the analysed results will be used as the design material for the composition of the turbine optimal design parameters corresponding to the target output power.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.29-33
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• 2015

In this study, the relations of flow rate, discharging distance and droplet size are measured in accordance with the nozzle shape. The dual type nozzles of LPN142 and LPN148, which have identical core diameter (6.0 mm) and the different radial injection angles (${\theta}_2=142^{\circ}$ and $148^{\circ}$), are manufactured. The distribution diameters with discharging distance are quantified by UL2167 test standard. The relations between discharging angle and droplet sizes, which are measured by the method of Helium-Neon laser equipment, are obtained by the empirical correlation as working pressure increase. Moreover, the extinction coefficient, which is major parameter of the radiative transport equation (RTE) is analyzed with variable droplet sizes. Thus, it is possible to opt the nozzle's shape by analyzing the relations of working pressure, spray distance, droplet size and fire characteristics at minimum allowable flow rate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.15-15
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• 1999

2차 유동 분사에 의한 추력 방향 제어 방법은 복잡한 기계적 작동장치와 이에 따른 무게의 증가를 배제할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 유동 해석을 통하여 2차원 및 3차원 초음속 수축-팽창 노즐 유동에 2차 유동을 분사하여, 2차 유동의 분사 위치, 분사 유량 및 분사 각도 등이 추력의 방향 및 크기에 미치는 영향을 밝혀 추력 방향 제어를 위한 최적의 2차 분사 조건을 제시하였다. 유동 해석 결과 2차 유동의 분사 위치는 생성된 경가 충격파가 노즐 출구까지 분포되는 지점이 최대 전향각과 횡추력을 가지는 분사위치임을 알 수 있었고, 분사 각도는 주 유동의 역방향으로 분사하는 것이 수직방향으로 분사하는 것보다 더 큰 전향각을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 2차원의 경우보다 3차원 유동에서 큰 전향각이 생김을 알 수 있었다.

• Agrochemical news magazine
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• v.25 no.4 s.197
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• pp.10-13
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.298-301
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 지하 방호공간에서 화재가 발생한 경우 워터커튼 시스템에 의한 연기의 차단효과와 화재제어 특성을 분석하였다. 이를 위해서 분사각도 $180^{\circ}$, 오리피스 직경 8.2 mm의 노즐과 지하방호 공간용 실화재 실험 장치를 제작하였으며, 화재강도 1.5 MW 기준 A급 1단위 화재 실험으로부터 온도분포와 가시도를 측정하여 연기의 차단효과를 확인하였다. 화재제어 특성을 분석하기 위해서 NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology)의 해석프로그램인 FDS(Fire Dynamic Simulator)를 사용하여 동일한 실험조건에서 온도분포를 비교하였으며 노즐의 설치개수 변화에 대한 화재해석 및 실험결과로부터 워터커튼 시스템은 노즐의 설치위치와 개수, 화원으로부터의 거리, 제연 등의 설비 조건과 분사 노즐의 특성, 공급 유량 등이 중요한 상관관계를 갖고 있음을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.312-314
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 비데용 물 분사 노즐의 내부유동을 가시화하기 위해서 여러 가지 설계변수에 관한 연구가 수행되었다. 특히 물 분사에 만 의존했던 과거의 세정시스템과는 달리 물과 공기를 혼합해서 물도 절약하고 세정의 효과도 높이고자 하는 기술을 개발하고자 했다. 상용코드인 CFD-ACE+를 이용하여 내부유동 특성을 관찰했고 여러 가지 인체 공학적인 설계가 되도록 다양한 각도에서 검토되었다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.223-231
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• 1999

The one of basic functional conditions of suspended overhead sprayer, which is openly made use of irrigating on bedding plants in greenhouse, is to be kept the growing uniformity of bedding plants by making uniformly the spraying irrigation depending on the distribution of sprayed water. This study was performed to find out the optimum position of sector formed injection nozzle which is placed from the top of plant 0 the tip of the nozzle to keep spraying uniformity. The test of spraying distribution using a overhead sprayer, which was installed in a row of sector formed injection nozzles, was performed The measuring factor to represent spraying distribution was the water weight filled in each cup when the overhead sprayer was moving across the upside of the cups which were placed directly under the nozzles on keeping the distance from nozzle tip. The test results were as following , The standard mr of weights of each cup filled with spraying water was lower values at Position far from more than 60cm under nozzle tip. The driving speed variation of sprayer was not effected on spraying uniformity but the spraying water weight was inversely proportioned to the speed. To make best spraying uniformity, it was represented that the tip of the nozzle is positioned to keep the distance which the top of plants is placed at the second cross point of each injection sector of nozzles.