• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1559-1575
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• 2009

As the basic old-age pension system was enforced in 2008, the base for old-age income security was founded. However, due to the basic old-age pension played a minor role as assistant allowance, it did not reach to sufficient level to cover full income security system. It is estimated that the dependency on private transfer income among the elderly who are difficult to be economically independent is still high. Therefore the poverty rate of the elderly households, who are not economically active or who are not protected by old-age income security system, is more likely to be higher than that of non-elderly households. Based on the assumption that public transfer income system should become a central means of old-age life guarantee, this study examined the poverty mitigation effects among the elderly households by comparing the private transfer income and the public transfer income. For this purpose, we selected single-elderly-households who have been considered the most vulnerable to poverty. We used 2006- 2008 Household Income and Expenditure Survey dataset that contained single-elderly who were older than 65 years old. To understand the conditions of poverty among single-elderly-households and the degree of poverty-reducing effect originated from income transfer system, we compared the poverty rates of total households and the whole elderly households. Next, we analysed the poverty of the single-elderly-households by social demographic factors such as gender, age, and economic activity. Our major findings are as follows: First, the poverty rate of the whole elderly households were not reduced, even though the basic old-age pension and long-term care management system were enforced in 2008. Second, half of the elderly households including single-elderly-households belonged to the absolute poverty line. Relatively higher level of poverty among the single-elderly-households was found especially those who were female, unemployed, low-educated, older, and rural single-elderly-households. Third, the effect of the public transfer income on mitigating the single-elderly-households poverty showed a little progress. However, even greater poverty reducing effect was found by the private transfer income system. Fourth, in a group of the public transfer systems, the public assistance such as supporting living costs contributed more to reduce poverty of the elderly population than the public pension system did.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.149-157
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to listen to vivid story on economic life of marriage immigrant women using phenomenological study out of qualitative study methods, and to analyze the meaning of dynamicity of experiences through in-depth interviews. The research question is "What is the meaning of economic life that marriage immigrant women experience?" From the research, 67 meaningful statements were abstracted and 15 core meanings were organized. The 15 core meanings were categorized as 5 theme categories such as 'Tough Life', 'Unstable Income such as Children Education Expense and Insurance Premium', 'Search for Changes in Life Style for Adaptation', 'Pursuit of Economic Stability through Employment', 'Expectation of Supports and Return to Married Woman's Parents' Home.' The researcher made structural description through first person speaker for the application of hermeneutical writing. In other words, the meaning of economic life of marriage immigrant women in Korea is 'difficult coping process to family-oriented culture pursuing changes in life style to adapt themselves to difficult reality.' Various undertones of practice were proposed through those statements such as policy to expand opportunities to receive an old-age pension by applying 'Joint Scheme for Couples' (Virtual Name) to People's pension for stable economic life of marriage immigrant women in old age.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.237-244
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• 2008

The General Conference of International Labour Organization adopted the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 which created a single, coherent instrument embodying as far as possible all up-to-date standards of existing international maritime Conventions and Recommendations in its Ninety-fourth session on 23 February 2006. This Convention prescribes the social security for seafarers in the Regulation 4.5 in the Title 4. Regulation 4.1-Medical care on board ship and ashore and Regulation 4.2-Shipowner's liability are related to social security for seafarers. For the purpose of ratifying this Convention in our country, first of all, it is necessary to review the domestic laws and regulations concerned whether they fulfill or not the requirements of the Convention and have to make preparation insufficient sections. Therefore, this paper aims to find out different regulations between the domestic law and the Convention, as to be able to accept the requirements regarding the social security of the Convention, also suggest the solution on problems derived in this process.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.23-29
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• 2020

In order to enrich the lives of senior citizens, this study suggested measures to increase income for the elderly by strengthening the current income security policies. Income security is a policy that guarantees income to maintain a certain standard of living. It is a policy that guarantees income to maintain a certain standard of living when income is suspended due to unemployment, disease, or disaster, or when income is lost due to retirement or death of a dependent due to old age, or when expenditure accompanying birth, death, etc. occurs. According to the study, measures to expand old-age income security are as follows. First, a phased increase in basic pension for the guarantee of old-age income is needed. Second, the income security function of the National Pension Service should be further strengthened. Third, a multi-layered old-age income security system should be established. Fourth, the government should continue to push for the expansion of works for the elderly. In conclusion, in order to strengthen the income security policy for the elderly, a reexamination of the current income guarantee system for the elderly is needed first. Then, it will be necessary to propose measures to gradually guarantee income for the elderly.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.754-758
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• 2008

Since our country is rapidly progressing from an aging society to an advanced age society, it already puts in effect basic old-age pension system, hurries training human resources like care-giver, and has ahead offering the aged long-term care insurance. But our country still needs to develop a systematic curriculum in order to train professionals that can fundamentally deal with an aging society problems. In this paper, therefore, we describe the development of a curriculum for training silver-care professionals improving qualities of old person life in order to suit to an aged society and prepare for an advanced age society. It includes a network model of a silver-care curriculum based on subject classifications according to fields and levels.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.271-297
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• 2005

Since the 1980s, the western welfare states have experienced a wide spectrum of socio-economic changes; changes in population composition, the economic globalization, the post-industrialization, an increasing flexibility in the labor market. etc. This study examines the trend of poverty in welfare states, and analyzes how those socio-economic changes are related to it. For these purposes, this study first calculates the poverty indices for several years in 10 welfare states using the Luxembourg Income Study database, and then decomposes the index by subpopulation and income sources. Major findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First of all, the welfare state in general has experienced an increasing trend in the degree of poverty since the 1980s. In particular, poverty has greatly intensified in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Many other welfare states including Canada, Germany, Sweden, and Norway have also experienced substantial increases in poverty. The increasing trend of poverty is not wholly due to changes in population composition such as increases in the aging population and one-parent(mother) families. Contrary to the traditional belief, these population groups are not as much poor as the working-age population. In particular, the degree of poverty in the elderly is less severe than in the working-age group. Furthermore, since the 1980s the market income poverty in the aging population has shown a decreasing trend in many welfare states. The degree and trend of poverty in one-parent families vary greatly across countries, owing to the labor market and income transfer policies. The most important reason for the increasing poverty trend in the welfare state is that the degree of poverty has been deepening in the working-age population. Especially, the market income poverty of the working-age population has considerably increased in every country except the Netherlands. Structural changes in the economy and the labor market may drive the increasing trend of poverty. Further studies and deliberate anti-poverty policies are needed to tackle the factors relating to the increase in the market income poverty.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.560-571
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• 2020

Essential urban services that protect citizens' lives and property such as firefighting, disaster and crime prevention, should be provided equally to all citizens regardless of their location, personal status, and income. This paper analyzes the equality of firefighting services in spatial and social perspective in Daejeon Metropolitan City. For this the accessibility of fire service was analyzed for all settlements in the city. In addition, the distribution status of low-income class and forecasted income each region were compared to analyze whether the area where fire fighting service in 5 minutes was related to the distribution of income class. According to the analysis, the area where fire service can be provided within 5 minutes was 46.2% of Daejeon, and 98.0% of the population lived in this area. The proportion of old-age pensioners living in the area where fire service can't be provided within 5 minutes was 52.7%, reise than the average of 7.14% in Daejeon. In addition, in areas where the provision of firefighting services exceeds five minutes, the forecasted income tends to be lower in areas where service arrival is delayed. Therefore, it can be said that the economically vulnerable people living in the outskirts of Daejeon are not provided with equal urban services, and policy consideration is required accordingly.

• 한국노년학
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.1119-1135
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• 2012

The single and the married couples elderly are rapidly increasing in the next twenty years. Due to the size of these group, their level of living, life satisfaction, income and medical security and welfare services utilization have been a social issue in Korea. For these reasons, the purpose of this study was to analyze the determinants of welfare services utilization by the single and the married couples elderly. Their analyses were composed of a cross-tabulations and t-test, analysis of variance, duncan test, multiple regression analysis using 5'th Wave Korea Welfare Panel(2010). Data were collected from a survey of 2,716. The results showed that the elderly single women had the lowest level of income and health, the elderly single men needed the help about the emotional support for improvement of family and social relations. The married couples elderly are young and the participation rate of job opportunities for the elderly is high, relatively. The results of the multiple regression analysis indicated that the level of income and medical security and the satisfaction of family relationships were important factors as related to the welfare services utilization.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.41
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• pp.87-123
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• 2011

Korea is expected to become an 'aged society' with more than 14 percent of the public aged 65 years or more by 2018. The rapid aging is giving rise to various problems within the society along with falling birthrate in a short period of time. In this context, the role and function of laws on welfare for the aged must be particularly emphasized. Also the Senior Citizens Welfare Act is of great importance as it provides social welfare service on the basis of functional connection with social insurance and public assistance. First, this paper looks into the history of laws related to welfare for the elderly such as the Senior Welfare Act, the Act on Long-term Care Insurance for Senior Citizens and the Basic Old Age Pension Act as well as the findings of earlier studies. In the second place, it will break down such laws by main components aiming to examine details of the laws and questions raised regarding them and to seek ways to achieve improvement with an emphasis on health care, old age income security, housing welfare(assisted living facilities), job security for the aged. The Senior Welfare Act offers substance of social welfare service for the elderly. Income security, health and medical care, welfare measures through long-term care and assisted living facilities, social participation by working are the key elements and all of them should be closely associated to ensure citizens get sufficient public support in their old age. For this purpose, the Senior Welfare Act is under a normative network with laws such as Act on Long-term Care Insurance for Senior Citizens and Basic Old Age Pension Act. Current laws on welfare for the aged including Senior Welfare Act are not sufficiently responsive to the aged society of the 21st century. Income security combined with decent social participation, health and medical care closely connected with long-term care system, efficient expense sharing between government and local government, enhancement of effectiveness of welfare measures can be considered as means to improve current welfare system so that the elderly can enjoy their old age with dignity and respect.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.339-348
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to predict the economic size of foods-for-elderly market, which will be valuable information for establishing related policy and backup system. After setting the scope of related industry, detailed information for current market situation was investigated and a systematic forecast for market changes in the future was performed. Economic growth, changes in consumer expenditure and economic status of the elderly, current subscription of medical insurance and saving for pension were reflected. In addition, a survey toward related firms was completed and changes in aged population and incidence of chronic disease in the elderly were taken into account. Results show that the annual growth rate of the market was predicted to be the minimum 4.54% through the maximum 8.32% from 2010 to 2025 and its market size was forecasted to be the minimum 7,073 ten million won through the maximum 10,976 ten million won. It is expected that the market of foods-for-elderly will grow rapidly with development of foods technology and fast increase of aged population. Especially, growth of health functional foods and foods for special dietary uses for elderly will be distinguished. However, it seems that related firms are on the hedge, watching current trend of the related industry. This may results in insufficient supply against the demand. Therefore, policy for foods-for-elderly should be introduced and systematically administered, including R&D support, standardization and authentication for foods-for-elderly, construction of related database system.