• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.294-303
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• 2005

This paper describes the analysis results of a series f Round-Robin test that was performed to intercompare inspection and diagnosis techniques for characterization of pressure tube f a pressurized heavy water reactor under the Coordinated Research Project(CRP) of IAEA's nuclear Power Programme. For this test, six nations, Korea, Canada, India, Argentina, Rumania, and China that currently have pressurized heavy water reactors under operation involved, and the "KOR-1" pressure tube sample prepared by Korea was used. Two kinds of NDE technique, ultrasonic and eddy current test, were applied for these tests. The "KOR-1" pressure tube sample contains total 12 artificial flaws such as crack-like EDM notches, wear that is similar to the real flaws and can be produced on the pressure tubes during plant operation. Test results showed that seven laboratories from six nations detected all twelve flaws in "KOR-1" specimen by using ultrasonic and eddy current test methods, and ultrasonic test method was more accurate than eddy current test method in flaw detectin and sizing. ID flaws in pressure tube sample were more easily detected and accurately sized than OD flaws.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2002

The development of life science has given many insights into life phenomenons to mankind. Nevertheless, many questions for various phenomenon in life has not been satisfied. Recently, scientific development in human's knowledge showed the limitation of science comparing With the variety of life phenomenon. The fundmental reason of the limitation is thought that the subject of study in life science has been material, and so life has been thought a matter of material in life science. The thought of Hu Jun about this problem, the nature of living things is an important interest in Korean Traditional Medicine, Haneuihak(韓醫學). In this study, the view of human body and disease of Hu Jun(許浚) about the nature of living things which was appeared in 『Donguibogam』 was illuminated. The content of 『Donguibogam』 was edited in the order of Naekyung(內景篇; internal part of the body)ㆍOuihyung(外形編; external part of the body)ㆍJabbyung(雜病篇; diseases)ㆍTangaek(湯液偏; medicinal decoction)ㆍChimgu(針灸篇; acupuncture and moxibustion). The part of Naekyung(內景篇; internal part of the body) is thesis about basic theories and his thought about human body and life, which was seen in ‘Shinhyungjangbu-do(身形臟腑圖; figure of body and shape, and the organs and viscera)’ㆍthe part of ‘Jeong(精)’ㆍ‘Gi(氣)’ㆍ‘Sin(神)’ theory. In this study, the parts which were related with his view of life were selected and compared with the China philosohy of those days to elucidate what is his thought of life appeared in 『Donguibogam』.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.97-108
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• 2010

Salt is a vital inorganic substance to human body and is seasoning in food. It is an absolute alternating factor on fermented food. What's more, in the oriental medicine, it is widely used to raise the pharmacological effect as a component of a prescription when processing a medicine, and when taking the medicine. Though, Importance of salt is often unaware and it is not used in the right way. focusing on "東醫寶鑑 內景篇 Donguibogam-Naegyeong" I categorized the methods of salt's prescription, dose, processing, seasoning, etc. The contents were compared and studied as well. When salt is used as a medicine, It is used as a main medicine, complimentary(aid) medicine, Jjim-Jil(hot towel or bath etc), vomiting medicine and gargling water. when taking the salt water with other medicine, depending on the type of the medicine, boiled salt water, warm alcohol or salt water, mixing powder medicine with salt water etc The methods are diverse. The reason to process medicine with salt or salt water is to bring the pharmacological Qi(energy) down to increase remedial value. When processing a medicine, kneading dough with salt water and the case using food ingredient as medicine salt was used as seasoning. Kneaded mud with salt were used to cover medicine or on the outer surface. This proves that it prevents the dryness and helps the medicine cooked even. Like this, salt is vital and highly-valued medicine in the oriental medicine. learning the right method of using salt and if it were used properly It is considered that it would increase the Pharmacological effect.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

Pubescent Angelica is generally used in musculoskeletal diseases of lower extremity, itching, external contraction (外感) and furuncle, with the effect of dispelling wind, draining dampness, dispersing the external (解表) and stopping pain. The disease parts of Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine (東醫寶鑑) contain 121 examples of the usage of Pubescent Angelica. Cases of musculoskeletal diseases and itching are mainly in the External Bodily Elements section (外形篇), and those of external contraction and furuncle are mainly in the Miscellaneous Disorder section (雜病篇). Internal Bodily Elements section (內景篇) has 10 prescriptions that involve Pubescent Angelica, in Dreams (2), Voice (1), Uterus (4), Parasites (1), and Feces (2) chapters. Their specific symptoms are insomnia and sleep paralysis (Dreams), loss of voice due to external contraction (Voice), uterine hemorrhage (Uterus), phthisis (Parasites), and constipation and diarrhea (Feces). It is not easy for students beginning their clinical training to link the effects of Pubescent Angelica and its actual usage, especially in the area of internal medicine. By Analyzing the whole cases of Pubescent Angelica in the Treasured Mirror, we found various usages out of reach of basic knowledge of the herb. Such method can be utilized not only in developing herbal knowledge-based products, but also in improving Korean medicine education, by enhancing the occupational competency bridging basic and clinical knowledge.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.230-242
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• 2013

Objectives : DongUiBoGam is a representative medical literature in Korea. This research intends to structurally grasp how DongUiBoGam understands the human body and review the methods of acupuncture and moxibustion in the NaeGyeong chapter of it using text mining. Methods : The structure of DongUiBoGam was analyzed with specific parts of the book that described contents, major premises of understanding the human body, and processes of treatment. We analyzed characteristics of each acupoints in a relationship with causes of diseases & symptoms in the NaeGyeong chapter using a Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency(TFIDF). Results : Three different categories of pattern identification(PI) were formed after structural analysis of DongUiBoGam. Every causes of diseases & symptoms were transformed according to the three categories of PI. After analyzing the relationship between acupoints and causes of diseases & symptoms, 114 acupoints were visualized with TFIDF values of three PI categories. Conclusions : The selection of acupoints in NaeGyeong chapter of DongUiBoGam were linked to causes of diseases & symptoms based on the three PI categories. Through visualization of bipartite relationships between acupoints and causes of diseases & symptoms, we could easily understand characteristics of each acupoint.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1457-1470
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• 2005

The Medical records (醫案) are very important materials in studying the developmental process of traditional Korean medicine. In this study, we investigated the medical records which are described in Naekyung-pyun(內景篇) of Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑), the most famous medical literature in Korean. There are 50 medical records in Naekyung-pyun and all of these records are cited from 12 Chinese medical literatures. The medical records were mainly cited from medical literatures written in Jin-Yuan(金元) and Ming(明) dynasty such as Yixuegangmu(醫學綱目) and Danxizanyao(丹溪纂要), although most records were written by medical scholars in Jin-Yuan(金元) dynasty, including Zhudanxi(朱丹溪) and Zhangzihe(張子和). Most of records were omitted and/or modified reflecting the Purpose of editors of Dongeuibogam. In addition, medical essay(醫論) was changed into medical record in some cases. The authors of the records used oral medication, acupuncture-moxa, psychological treatment and surgical manners. And in some cases of only having principal of treatment, the editors newly added the herbal prescription. The further study on medical records in Korean traditional medicinal literatures, would reveal the developmental progress of Korean medicine and inform more actual proof on medical condition.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.177-186
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• 2010

This study is about researching DongEuiBoGam by analysing with pattern identification of modern Traditional Korean medical patholgy as more logical, systematic and standardized theory. Disease pattern mechanisms of essence, spirit, qi and blood in NaeGyungPyeb of DongEuiBoGam are these. In Essence, this explain mechanism of disease patterns those are seminal emission, dream emission, spermatorrhea, white ooze. These disease pattern's mechanisms are kidney yang deficiency, kidney yin deficiency, heart yang deficiency, heart yin deficiency, heart qi deficiency, spleen qi deficiency and so on. On viewpoints of viscera and bowels they are related with heart, kidney, spleen. And most of them are deficiency from deficiency-excess Pattern Identification. Classifying disease pattern of qi is about upward, downward movement and more concentrated deficiency than excess pattern. Fright palpitations can be classified heart deficiency with timidity, heart blood and qi deficiency, heart qi deficiency, heart blood deficiency, heart qi movement stagnation, water qi intimidating the heart, phlegm-fire harassing the heart, phlegm clouding the pericardium, and so on. Palpitations can be classified heart blood deficiency, heart yin deficiency, heart deficiency with timidity, heart spleen blood deficiency, spleen qi deficiency, phlegm-fire harassing the heart, intense heart fire, and so on. Forgetfulness can be classified heart spleen blood deficiency, heart spleen qi deficiency, kidney essence deficiency, heart qi deficiency, non-interaction between the heart and kidney, etc. for deficiency pattern, phlegm clouding the pericardium for excess pattern. In Blood just say inside bleeding pattern's category, there are nose bleeding, flopping syncope, qi counterflow, blood vomiting, hemoptysis, spitting of blood, bloody stool, hematuria, and so on. Like these, this study identify pattern of disease in DongEuiBoGam by mechanism of disease theory.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.303-324
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• 2001

Medical Kigong is one of five noted methods in Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經). an is an important part of Oriental medicine. Recently many people are getting interested in Medical Kigong and studying it with several problems resulting. So it is necessary to get a theory of Medical Kigong which is scientifically well-organized. For this purpose we study Dongeuibogam Naegyeong Sinhyeong(東醫寶鑑 內景 身形) in terms of the theory of Medical Kigong and draw conclusions as follows Dongeuibogam Naegyeong Sinhyeong(東醫寶鑑 內景 身形) can be said to have all the necessary factors to be a separate book itself on Medical Kigong. It is focused on the preventive medicine through various methods of Medical Kigong used from the ancient times in China, and consists of the basic theory on Medical Kigong, the principle of Kigong. treatment result. patients to treat, specific Kigong methods, general methods on improving health, herbal diets and etc. The principle of Medical Kigong in Dongeuibogam Naegyeong Sinhyeong(東醫寶鑑 內景 身形) is to preserve and cultivate jeong(精;essence), ki(氣;breath), sin(神;spirit) which are three treasures of humanbody and it is achieved through health improving methods based on kigongsamjo(氣功三調), that is, josin(調身), josik(調息), josim(調心) and daesojucheonbeop(大小周天法) of naedanbeop(內丹法) in Taoism. Dongeuibogam Naegyeong Sinhyeong(東醫寶鑑 內景 身形) accepted Kigong health improvement methods in Taoism as a practical Medical Kigong and emphasized that preventing diseases through health improvement by Kigong is better than treating diseases. It also suggested that seasonal changes and ways of life are very important for health. In short, Dongeuibogam Naegyeong Sinhyeong(東醫寶鑑 內景 身形) established the system of Medical Kigong by discribing almost all parts of it, and can be used as one of the basic materials for the study of Korean Medical Kigong.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.709-714
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• 1999

Background: When internal thoracic artery (ITA) and saphenous vein graft are anastomosed to the same coronary artery, the patency rate of the internal thoracic artery graft with relatively narrow diameter may be decreased owing to competition of pressure and flow rate. We evaluate the clinical outcome and the patency of the ITA graft in patients undergoing dual grafting to the same coronary artery. Material and Method: In 14 patients with the ITA graft having relatively low flow, the ITA and saphenous vein graft were anastomosed to the same coronary artery. During the mean follow-up period of 33.5 months, coronary angiography was performed in 6 patients who complained of recurrent angina, needed confirmation of graft flow, or showed postoperative Q wave. Result: In all 6 patients, the ITA and saphenous vein grafts were patent without stenosis or obstruction. Two patients showed good flow in both grafts, 2 showed competitive flow in the ITA graft, and the remaining 2 showed poor flow in the ITA graft. Conclusion: Early operative closure When saphenous vein grafting was added to the same coronary artery that the internal thoracic artery was anastomosed to, the perfusion to the coronary artery was satisfied and the dual grafting did not affect the short-term and mid-term patency rate of the ITA.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.727-736
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• 2010

This study is about researching mechanistic pattern identification of disease for DongEuiBoGam NaeGyungPyen by analysing with pattern identification of modern Traditional Korean medical patholgy as more logical, systematic and standardized theory. Disease pattern mechanisms of uterine, urine and excrements parts of DongEuiBoGam NaeGyun gPyen in NaeGyungPyen of DongEuiBoGam are these. Menstrual irregularities in DongEuiBoGam can be classified flui d-humor depletion, blood deficiency, qi deficiency, qi stagnation, qi stagnation complicated by heat, blood stasis, blood deficiency complicated by heat, syndrome of heat entering blood chamber, syndrome of cold entering blood chamber. The disease pattern of abdominal pain after menstruation in DongEuiBoGam is blood deficiency complicated by heat, and a dysmenorrhea represents blood stasis with heat, fluid-humor deficiency. Advanced menstruation represent dual heat of the qi and blood, delayed menstruation is blood deficiency. The disease pattern of inhibited urination in DongEuiBoGam can be classified deficiency heat pattern of kidney yin deficiency(yin deficiency with effulgent fire), kidney qi deficiency, yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity, fluid-humor depletion, spleen-stomach dual deficiency, and excess he at pattern of bladder excess heat. The disease pattern of urinary incontinence in DongEuiBoGam can be classified deficiency pattern of kidney-bladder qi deficiency, consumptive disease, lung qi deficiency, kidney yin deficiency(yin deficiency with effulgent fire), kidney yang deficiency and excess pattern of lower energizer blood amassment, bladder excess heat. And most of them are deficiency from deficiency-excess Pattern Identification. The disease pattern of diarrhea in DongEuiBoGam can be classified deficiency pattern of qi deficiency, qi fall, spleen yang deficiency, kidney yang deficiency and so on and excess pattern of wind-cold-summerheat-dampness-fire, phlegm-fluid retention, dietary irregularities, qi movement stagnation. And most of them are deficiency from deficiency-excess Pattern Identification. Like these, this study identify pattern of disease in DongEuiBoGam by mechanism of disease theory.