• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.333-351
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• 2023

This study investigates user behavior in library spaces through the lens of AI camera analytics. By leveraging the face recognition and tracking capabilities of AI cameras, we accurately identified the gender and age of visitors and meticulously collected video data to track their movements. Our findings revealed that female users slightly outnumbered male users and the dominant age group was individuals in their 30s. User visits peaked between Tuesday to Friday, with the highest footfall recorded between 14:00 and 15:00 pm, while visits decreased over the weekend. Most visitors utilized one or two specific spaces, frequently consulting the information desk for inquiries, checking out/returning items, or using the rest area for relaxation. The library stacks were used approximately twice as much as they were avoided. The most frequented subject areas were Philosophy(100), Religion(200), Social Sciences(300), Science(400), Technology(500), and Literature(800), with Literature(800) and Religion(200) displaying the most intersections with other areas. By categorizing users into five clusters based on space utilization patterns, we discerned varying objectives and subject interests, providing insights for future library service enhancements. Moreover, the study underscores the need to address the associated costs and privacy concerns when considering the broader application of AI camera analytics in library settings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.175-183
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• 2010

To understand the variation of macro benthos community according to the installation of structure and topographic placement in the shellfish farm on tidal flat, the practical example of the tidal shellfish growing area at Namsung-ri Goheung was observed. The results of the research for the field observation were summarized as follows. (1) The ground gradient of the shellfish farm was very flat below about $1^{\circ}$. The shellfish farm ground took the shape of $\sqcup$ from the shoreline to the place of 150 m seawards, and the shape of $\sqcap$ from there to the low tide line. During ebb tide, the $\sqcup$ shape ground stored the sea water, and the $\sqcap$ shape ground was supposed to act as the effect factor to leak slowly or to prevent the outflow. (2) The oyster shell bag or the type of riprap wall as the boundary in the shellfish farm was classified into five types. The air exposure time and flooding time were 181 and 434 minutes, respectively. (3) In the numerical experiment, the deep-sea water wave coming in the study area had 0.5 m of maximum wave height to show the very stable conditions and the wave direction pattern of S-direction was dominant at Naro great ridge, and SE, SSW and S-direction were distributed strongly around the shellfish farm. (4) By the grain size analysis, the sediment around tidal flat consisted of gravel 0.00~5.81(average 1.70)%, sand 14.15~18.39(average 13.23)%, silt 27.59~47.15(average 30.84)% and clay 35.79~55.73(average 36.19)%, and the sediment type was divided into (g)M(lightly gravelly mud), sM(sandy mud) and gM(gravelly mud) by Folk's diagram. (5) The macro benthos community survey conducted in this site in January, 2010 showed that 1 species of Mollusca, 8 species of Polychaeta and 2 species of Crustacea appeared, and 11 species occupying over 1% of total abundance were dominant.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.27-37
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• 1991

This paper proposes the ESFVQ(energy subspace fuzzy vector quantization) that employs energy subspaces to reduce the quantizing distortion which is less than that of a fuzzy vector quatization. The ESFVQ is applied to a speaker adaptation method by which Korean words spoken by unknown speakers are recognized. By generating mapped codebooks with fuzzy histogram according to each energy subspace in the training procedure and by decoding a spoken word through the ESFVQ in the recognition proecedure, we attempt to improve the recognition rate. The performance of the ESFVQ is evaluated by measuring the quantizing distortion and the speaker adaptive recognition rate for DDD telephone area names uttered by 2 males and 1 female. The quatizing distortion of the ESFVQ is reduced by 22% than that of a vector quantization and by 5% than that of a fuzzy vector quantization, and the speaker adaptive recognition rate of the ESFVQ is increased by 26% than that without a speaker adaptation and by 11% than that of a vector quantization.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.117-128
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• 2013

This study aims to examine various discourses of the urban landscape discussed in the fields of new cultural geography, spatial political economy, and landscape architecture in order to propose a theoretical framework for the interpretation of a contemporary urban landscape. The notion of landscape is a modern idea that separates humans, especially the bourgeois subject, from nature, and then achieves the visual possession of nature. New cultural geographers have studied the political aspects of landscape. According to them, landscape as materialized discourse is "a way of seeing" which includes the vision of the upper class, the imperialistic view, and the masculine and voyeuristic gaze. In addition, spatial political economists have paid attention to the economic aspects of landscape. They have emphasized that the material production of landscape is indispensable in the production of surplus values in the capitalistic system. Thus, we insist focusing dialectically on both the materiality and ideology of landscape.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.122
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• pp.85-134
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• 2018

In this article, I will provide a philosophical discourse on digital sexual violence that is a technological version of male violence. First, critical analysis of the mechanism of the spatiality and the temporality of the hidden and illicit camera is developed to focus on the immeasurable damage of this violence. I elaborate a notional division between digital sexual violence and cyber sexual violence. Secondly, the ease of taking images of women's bodies and the rapid transmission of these images through the advancement of digital communication technology and hyperconnectivity, lead to use these images as a new digital monet for men. They consolidate their male solidarity by reaffirming female inferiority and humiliating women. Thirdly, the invention of the structure of the new affect to resist to digital sexual violence is crucial. For that, it would be necessary to pass from the sexual shame to the sexual displeasure and to the socio-political indignation. These would create another opportunity to resist to digital sexual violence.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.5-31
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• 2013

This study is phenomenological qualitative research about lived experience of recovering alcoholic homeless who had completed Therapeutic Community program. The meaning which is revealed through this study is as in the followed. First, Moving to recovering space. In Therapeutic Community, they have a turning point for new life and new connection with people who watch him carefully. Second, Physical recovery. They are no more lying down on the street. Analogy of Standing can be viewed as being most active in recovery. Third, Positioning on time flow. The recovering of time is represented by accepting past and present as well as looking ahead into the future. Fourth, Settling into network of a relation. They tried to reconnect with society by network of a relation. Their social place is located in a network, not a position. From this present study, the social work implications for the alcoholic homeless are deducted.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.80-80
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• 2021

2020년은 장마와 태풍으로 인해 중부 및 남부지방에 폭우가 발생하여 강남역을 비롯한 지하철 역사와 지하 주차장 등 많은 지하시설이 침수되었고, 부산에서는 침수된 지하차도에 진입한 차량의 운전자가 사망하는 등의 사고가 발생하였다. 지하에 설치된 시설들은 침수가 발생할 경우 대부분 출입구를 통해 유입되는 물을 거슬러 대피해야 하므로 낙상과 그로 인한 익사 등 자칫 큰 인명피해를 초래할 수 있어 특별히 주의할 필요가 있다. 대피 여부를 결정하고 그에 필요한 시간을 계산하기 위해서는 안전하게 대피 가능한 최대수심(한계수심)을 결정하는 것이 필요하다. 현재 한계수심을 제시한 여러 연구가 있지만 대부분 소수의 성인만을 대상으로 한 실험 결과이기 때문에 성별, 연령, 체중 등 다양한 유형의 사람을 고려한 대피방법 제시가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 실험 참가자의 유형(성별, 연령, 체중, 신장)에 따른 대피시간의 차이를 고려한 한계수심을 제시할 수 있도록 하였다. 총 308명이 실험에 참여하였으며, 이중 남성은 164명, 여성은 144명이었다. 참가자의 연령은 14세부터 75세까지이며, 신장은 최소 145cm에서 최대 187cm, 체중은 35kgf에서 110kgf 범위이다. 대피시간은 물이 흘러 내려오는 5.1m 길이의 계단을, 난간을 잡은 채 거슬러 올라가는 시간으로 설정하였으며, 계단 상층부의 수심이 30cm일 때와 40cm일 때(한계수심 조건), 2회 측정하였다. 또한, 측정이 종료된 후, '안전하게 대피 가능할 것으로 예상되는 수심'을 선택하도록 하여 참가자가 체감한 실험 난이도를 간접적으로 확인하고 향후 연구에 활용할 수 있도록 하였다. 수집된 자료를 분석한 결과 여성의 경우 수심 30cm와 40cm의 평균 대피시간이 4초 정도의 차이가 나타났으나, 남성의 경우 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 또한 '안전하게 대피 가능할 것으로 예상되는 수심'에 대한 답변으로 다수가 실험의 최대 수심 조건인 40cm 이상을 선택하였다. 이와 같은 결과를 보아, 실험의 난도가 높지 않았다고 예상할 수 있으며, 그 원인은 참가자의 안전을 고려해 실험 조건을 난간을 잡은 채 보행하도록 설정한 것이 한계수심을 증가시키는 결과를 가져왔다고 볼 수 있다. 유형에 따른 대피시간의 차이를 분석하기 위해서는 실험의 한계수심 조건을 높이거나, 난간을 잡지 않고 보행할 수 있도록 안전장치를 추가하는 등, 실험조건의 변화가 필요할 것으로 판단되며, 추가적으로 난간을 잡은 채 보행하는 것이 한계수심을 얼마나 높일 수 있는지에 대한 검토를 통하여 정량적인 대피가능 시간을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.101-114
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify regional differences in problem drinking among adult males in single-person households and predict the determinants. Methods: This study used data from the 2019 Community Health Survey. Geographically weighted regression analysis was performed on 8,625 adult males in single-person households who had been consuming alcohol for the past year. The Si-Gun-Gu was selected as the spatial unit. Results: The top 10 regions for problem drinking among adult males in single-person households were located in the Jeju-do and Jeollanam-do areas near the southern coast, whereas the bottom 10 regions were located in the Incheon and northern Gyeonggi-do areas. Smoking, economic activity, and educational level were common factors affecting problem drinking among this population. Among the determinants of regional disparities in problem drinking among adult males in single-person households, personal factors included age, smoking, depression level, economic activity, educational level, and leisure activity, while regional factors included population and karaoke venue ratio. Conclusion: Problem drinking among adult males in single-person households varies by region, and the variables affecting each particular area differ. Therefore, it is necessary to develop interventions tailored to individuals and regions that reflect the characteristics of each region by prioritizing smoking, economic activity, and educational level as the common factors.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.42
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• pp.69-91
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• 2015

The aim of this paper is to examine the men's ideal lives and the aspects of variation in Sijo. In this paper the focus is two texts of Saseol-Sijo. One is the Saseol-Sijo without any known author, the other is the Saseol-Sijo written by Lee Jeong-bo. These works were enjoyed by many people to posterity, and they were played a variation. The first aspect of variation is the emphasis on men's magnanimous and amusable life. This aspect is thought to be a result of the interference of entertainment space. The second aspect of variation is to show the awareness of impossibility of riches and honors and belief in his alternative life. We can see the conflict between reality and desire. This case is thought to be enjoyed by the person who can sympathize with that situation. The third aspect of variation is to show the transcendence of desire for worldly success and the interest in a happy old age. This case is worthy of notice because it shows the interest in old age. This case expresses the desire for comfortable life or pleasure-seeking life, and it is thought to be more concerned with a concrete everyday life than an idea. Sometimes we can see the works that show reflection of his(her) life and mature attitude to life. More studies on these works should be done.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.145-155
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• 2010

Objective: Lateral cephalometric radiographs have been the main form of resource for assessing two dimensional anteroposterior airway changes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the three dimensional volumetric change in the upper airway space in Class III malocclusion patients who underwent mandibular setback surgery. Methods: Three dimensional cone-beam computed tomographs (CBCT) and their three dimensional reconstruction images were analyzed. The samples consisted of 20 adult patients (12 males and 8 females) who were diagnosed as skeletal Class III and underwent mandibular setback surgery. CBCTs were taken at 3 stages - Baseline (1.8 weeks before surgery), T1 (2.3 months after surgery), and T2 (1 year after surgery). Pharyngeal airway was separated according to the reference planes and reconstructed into the nasopharynx, the oropharynx and the hypopharynx. Measurements at Baseline, T1, and T2 were compared between groups. Results: The result showed the volume of the pharyngeal airway decreased significantly 2.3 months after surgery (p < 0.001) and the diminished airway did not recover after 1 year post-surgery. The oropharynx was the most decreased area. Conclusions: These findings suggest that mandibular setback surgery causes both short-term and long-term decrease in the upper airway space.