• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.223-229
• /
• 2022

During the winter season, when the weather gets colder every year, electricity consumption increases rapidly. The occurrence of fires is increasing due to a short circuit in electrical facilities of buildings such as markets, bathrooms, and apartments with high population density while using a lot of electricity. The cause of these short circuit fires is mostly due to the aging of the wires, the usage increases, and the excessive load cannot be endured, and the wire sheath is melted and caused by nearby ignition materials. In this paper, the load and overheat generated in the electric wire are measured through a complex sensor composed of an overload sensor, a VoC sensor, and an overheat sensor. Based on this, big data analysis is carried out to develop a platform capable of predicting, alerting, and blocking electric fires in real time, and a simulator capable of simulated fire experiments.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.14 no.11
• /
• pp.61-71
• /
• 2009

Vehicle license plate is the only way to check the registrated information of a vehicle. Many works have been devoted to the vision system of recognizing the license plate, which has been widely used to control an illegal parking. However, it is difficult to correctly segment characters on the license plate since an illumination is affected by a weather change and a neighboring obstacles. This paper proposes a robust method of segmenting the character of the license plate on irregular illumination condition. The proposed method enhance the contrast of license plate images using the Chi-Square probability density function. For segmenting characters on the license plate, binary images with the high quality are gained by applying the adaptive threshold. Preprocessing and labeling algorithm are used to eliminate noises existing during the whole segmentation process. Finally, profiling method is applied to segment characters on license plate from binary images.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.125-130
• /
• 2024

With the rapid growth of mobility technology, the industrial sector is demanding storage devices that can reliably process data from various equipment and sensors in vehicles. NAND flash memory is being utilized as a storage device in mobility environments because it has the advantages of low power and fast data processing speed as well as strong external shock resistance. However, flash memory is characterized by data corruption due to long-term exposure to high temperatures. Therefore, a dedicated system for temperature management is required in mobility environments where high temperature exposure due to weather or external heat sources such as solar radiation is frequent. This paper designs a dedicated temperature management system for managing storage device temperature in a mobility environment. The designed temperature management system is a hybrid of traditional air cooling and water cooling technologies. The cooling method is designed to operate adaptively according to the temperature of the storage device, and it is designed not to operate when the temperature step is low to improve energy efficiency. Finally, experiments were conducted to analyze the temperature difference between each cooling method and different heat dissipation materials, proving that the temperature management policy is effective in maintaining performance.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.417-428
• /
• 2005

The seasonal variation and frequency of precipitation phenomenon of the Korean Peninsula in summer show strong local weather phenomena because of its topographical and geographical factors in the northeastern area of Asia. The characteristics of the prevailing weather patterns in summer precipitation in Korea have great influences on the variation patterns and the appearances over a ten-day period during the summer precipitation. The purpose of this paper is to induce variation patterns over a period 10 days during the summer precipitation, clarify the variations of their space scales, and study the subdivision of precipitation regions in Korea according to the combinations of precipitation amounts and variation pattern during the period, using the mean values during the years $1991\~2003$ at 78 stations in Korea. The classified precipitation of a period of 10 days of summer precipitation, and the principal component vector and the amplitude coefficient by the principal component analysis were used for this study. The characteristics of variation pattern over the ten-day period can be chiefly divided into two categories and the accumulated contributory rate of these is $64.3\%$. The variation patterns of summer precipitation during period of 10 days in Korea are classified into 9 types from A to K. In addition, regional divisions of summer precipitation in Korea can be classified into 17 types.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.48-57
• /
• 2018

In this study, we conducted an analysis on the actual field materials and the ancient text of January 2017. First, Yuyin ShanFang is one of the famous garden in the Lingnan Region, and its total area is $1598m^2$. Wobin called the name 'Yuyin(餘蔭)' meaning the virtues of his ancestors. Second, if we analyze the poem written by Wobin, we can classify it as a phrase expressing the world beyond the future, a poem expressing the ideas of family and romantic ideas. Third, the space spread to the south around the shrine building in the middle of the site was largely a residential space, according to the analysis of the site's layout and spatial composition. Fourth, the spatial component of the hydronic acid is analyzed. The pavilion area is the Hanchwi-Pavilion, which is designated in the Wongrim, and Gyesang-Pavilion, which is a unique range that describes the peak of the garden. Fifth, Yuyin ShanFang has five ponds that are very diverse in shape. It is characteristic of us to stand on a technical boundary. Sixth, Seokgasan was referred to as Gyeongbansan, which was named after The builder Wobin and his descendants who passed it. Seventh, Hwachang is characterized by a wooden bull window and a compound glass. Eighth, the alumni style is not as diverse as the alumni style of the Suzhou traditional garden, but it features various forms and colorful pictures on the front of the alumni. Ninth, the one-piece sculptures of the interior of a building are expressed themes such as Gilsang, Sukjeong, Daoism, Palseom, and others. Finally, Trees planted in Yuyin ShanFang are mostly tropical plants, and some of them have symbolic meaning. Because the weather here is good for growing fruit, so planted a lot of fruit trees.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.104-117
• /
• 2017

This study compares the results of landscape image analysis using text mining techniques and factor analysis for Lotte World Tower, which is the first atypical skyscraper building in Korea, and identifies landscape images of the site to determine possibilities of use. Lotte World Tower's landscape image has been extracted from text mining analysis focusing on adjectives such as 'new', 'transformational', 'unusual', 'novelty', 'impressive', and 'unique', and phrases such as in the process of change, people's active elements(caliber, outing, project, night view), media(newspaper, blog), and climate(weather, season). As a result of the factor analysis, factors affecting the landscape image of Lotte World Tower were symbolic, aesthetic, and formative. Identification, which is a morphological feature, has characteristics of scale and visibility but it is not statistically significant in preference. Rather, the psychological factors such as the symbolism with characteristics such as poison and specialty, harmony with the characteristics of the surrounding environment, and beautiful aesthetic characteristics were an influence on the landscape image. The common results of the two research methods show that psychological characteristics such as factors that can represent and represent the city affect the landscape image more greatly than the morphological and physical characteristics such as location and location of the building. In addition, the text mining technique can identify nouns and adjectives corresponding to the images that people see and feel, and confirms the relationship between the derived keywords, so that it can focus the process of forming the landscape image and further the image of the city. It would appear to be a suitable method to complement the limitation of landscape research. This study is meaningful in that it confirms the possibility that big data can be utilized in landscape analysis, which is one research field of landscape architecture, and is significant for understanding the information of a big data base and contribute to enlarging the landscape research area.

• Journal of Science Education
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.256-271
• /
• 2018

The study aimed to investigate how the science gifted connect and integrate science concepts in the process of problem finding. Research subject was sampled from 228 applicants for a science gifted education center affiliated with a university in 2015. A creative problem solving test (CPST) in science, which administered as an admission process, was utilized as a reference to sample two groups. Sixty-seven students from top 30% in test scores were selected for the upper group and 64 students from bottom 30% in test scores were selected for the lower group. The CPST, which was developed by researchers, included one item about how to connect two science concepts among eight science concepts, sound, electricity, weight, temperature, respiration, photosynthesis, weather, and earthquake extracted from elementary science curriculum. As results, there were differences in choosing two concepts among four science major areas. The ways of connecting science concepts were characterized by three categories, relation-based, similarity-based, and dissimilarity-based. In addition, relation-based was characterized by attributes, means, influences, predictions, and causes; similarity-based was by attributes, objects, scientific principles, and phenomena, and dissimilarity-based was by parallel, resource, and deletion. There were significant (p<.000) differences in ways of connecting science concepts between the upper and the lower groups. The upper group students preferred connecting science concepts of inter-science subjects while the lower group students preferred connecting science concepts of intra-science subject. The upper group students showed a tendency to connect the science concepts based on similarity. In contrast, the lower group students frequently showed ways of connecting the science concepts based on dissimilarity. In particular, they simply parallelled science concepts.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.51-62
• /
• 2002

EMI/EMS 측정을 위해서는 주변 전자파 잡음(background noise)이 낮은 야외시험장(Open Area Test Site)이 가장 바람직하나, 근래 전자(전기 기기 사용의 증가와 방송.무선통신 시스템의 다양화로 인한 인공잡음(artificial noise)의 증대로 조건에 부합된 부지 선정이 어렵고, 설치 비용이 매우 크며 날씨 변화에 따라 시험 계획이 변경 될 수도 있는 단점이 있다. 전자파 분-무반사실(Semi Anechoic Chamber)은 대부분의 환경 잡음을 감쇠시키므로 야외시험장처럼 장소의 구애를 받지 않아 도시나 혹은 제품 생산지 가까이에 설치 운용이 가능하다. 그러나 큰 설치 공간과 많은 시설 유지 비용을 필요로 하며, 저주파 대역에서는 반사에 의한 공진을 완전히 제거할 수 없어 성능이 떨어진다. 또한, 최근 컴퓨터 CPU의 동작주파수가 급속하게 높아지고 PCS, IMT-2000 등과 같은 이동전화의 사용주파수도 계속해서 높아짐에 다라 미연방통신위원회(Federal Communication Commission)에서는 5㎓까지의 복사 방출 시험을 요구하고 있다. IEC 61000-4-3 복사 내성 시험규격도 휴대폰 주파수인 2㎓까지 확장되었으며 IMT-2000, Bluetooth 등 새로운 이동통신서비스가 속속 개발됨에 따라 18㎓ 까지 시험 주파수가 확장되는 추세이다. 그러나, 현재 국내 각 연구실에서 보유하고 있는 야외시험장이나 전자파 반-무반사실의 경우 1㎓이상에서의 시험이 곤란하여 수 ㎓주파수대역에서 시험이 가능한 복사 및 내성시험 시설이 필요하게 되었다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 고안된 대용 측정 시설 중 대표적인 것이 TEM 셀이나 GTEM셀과 같은 TEM 도파관(waveguide) 형태의 장비들이다. 이들은 본래 EMS 측정을 위한 장비이지만 협소한 공간이나 외부와의 전자파 간섭의 우려가 없고, 설치가 비교적 자유로워 여러 연구기관에서 도파관 원리를 이용한 측정 방식을 연구(개발하여 범용적인 전자파 적합성 측정 장비로서 활용하고 있다. 야외시험장과 무반사실 등이 안테나에 의한 피시험기기 주변 공간에서의 1점 측정으로 인해 시험 시간이 많아 소요되는 공통적인 단점이 있는 반면, TEM 도파관에 의한 측정은 일단 피시험기기의 모델링 정보만 얻어지면 계산에 의해 EMI 측정을 바로 할 수 있다. <표 1>에서 현재 상용화되어 사용되고 있는 TEM/GTEM 셀, 야외 시험장 및 전자파 무반사실에 대해 EMI 측정과 관련된 몇 가지 사안에 대해 비교하였다. 본 문서에서는 야외시험장이나 전자파 반-무반사실 등과 같은 기존 EMI/EMS 측정 시설의 단점을 보완하고, 광대역 특성을 갖는 대용 측정 시설로서의 TEM 도파관에 대해 소개하고 야외시험장 결과와의 상관관계 알고리즘 및 표준화 동향에 대해 기술하였다. 2절에서는 대표적인 TEM 도파관 구조의 측정 시설인 TEM 셀과 GTEM 셀의 전기적.구조적 특징에 대해 간단히 기술하고, 3절에서는 TEM 셀과 GTEM 셀에서이 측정결과를 이용하여 야외 시험장 결과를 얻어내는 상관관계 알고리즘에 대해 기술하였다. 4절에서는 IEC/CISPR와 TC77에서의 표준화 활동을 중심으로 현재 진행중인 TEM 도파관 관련 표준화 동향과 내용에 대해 기술하고자 한다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.30-37
• /
• 2001

The importance of integrated approach have increased gradually in science education. But most of researches on integrated science have been based on the structure of science and epistemology. The investigations of students' psychological science domains are needed for effectiveness of integrated science in science curriculum and classrooms. In this study, for exploration of elementary school students' psychological science domains and their properties, students(N=96) were asked to classify scientific words presented on textbooks in several categories. Many psychological science domains were revealed. Among them, the domains that were over 20% are 'Electricity', 'The human body', 'The earth', 'Energy', 'Plant', 'Animal', 'Environment', 'Living things', 'Weather', 'Flower'. According to the results from analysis on the words that students presented in each domains, the participants hold strongly the relationships caused by everyday experiences. For example, 'light' and 'heat' showed high frequency in 'Electricity' domain and 'The human body' domain included 'force' and 'motion' in high frequency. The most inclusive domain was 'The earth'. Not only the words on earth science but also biological and chemical words were classified in this domain. So The integration that centered with 'The earth' domain looks correspond to the elementary school students' psychological aspect.

• The Journal of Bigdata
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.23-34
• /
• 2023

Nowadays, the Designated Driver Services employ dynamic pricing, which adapts in real-time based on nearby driver availability, service user volume, and current weather conditions during the user's request. The uncertain volatility is the main cause of price increases, leading to customer attrition and service refusal from driver. To make a good Designated Driver Services, development of a demand forecasting model is required. In this study, we propose developing a demand forecasting model using data from the Designated Driver Service by considering normal and peak periods, such as rush hour and rush day, as prior knowledge to enhance the model performance. We propose a new methodology called Time-Series with Conditional Probability(TSCP), which combines conditional probability and time-series models to enhance performance. Extensive experiments have been conducted with real Designated Driver Service data, and the result demonstrated that our method outperforms the existing time-series models such as SARIMA, Prophet. Therefore, our study can be considered for decision-making to facilitate proactive response in Designated Driver Services.