• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.106-116
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• 2022

Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) have actively responded to global climate change, and developed and operated the Common Principles for Climate Finance Tracking. They estimate climate finance in a granular manner with a conservative view. In other words, the MDBs track their financing only for those elements or proportions of projects that directly contribute to or promote climate adaptation or mitigation. The MDBs have reported jointly on climate finance since the first edition in 2012, which reported for 2011 and up to the 10th edition in 2021, which reported for 2020. MDBs apply two difference methodologies for adaptation and mitigation. For adaptation, the methodology is based on a context and location specific approach and captures the amounts associated with activities directly linked to vulnerability to climate change. For mitigation, it is evaluated in accordance with a comprehensive list of activities thatreduce greenhouse gas emissions. The result of climate risk assessment is one of the major due diligence items for MDBs alongside with that of environmental and social impact assessment. Under the circumstance that many countries endeavor to deal with climate change at project level, it is meaningful to understand how MDBs have addressed climate change issues in their project approval process. This would be a good reference to establish a methodology for responding to climate change and to expand scope of environmental and social impact assessment.

• Atmosphere
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2024

Private companies are increasingly required to take more substantial actions on climate change. This study introduces the principle and cases of climate (physical) risk estimation for 11 private companies in Korea. Climate risk is defined as the product of three major determinants: hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. Hazard is the intensity or frequency of weather phenomena that can cause disasters. Vulnerability can be reflected in the function that explains the relationship between past weather records and loss records. The final climate risk is calculated by multiplying the function by the exposure, which is defined as the area or value of the target area exposed to the climate. Future climate risk is estimated by applying future exposure to estimated future hazard using climate model scenarios or statistical trends based on weather data. The estimated climate risks are developed into three types according to the demand of private companies: i) climate risk for financial portfolio management, ii) climate risk for port logistics management, iii) climate risk for supply chain management. We hope that this study will contribute to the establishment of the climate risk management system in the Korean industrial sector as a whole.

• 사료
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• s.35
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• pp.2-4
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• 2008

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.169-182
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• 2020

ODA finance in the water sector has decreased after reaching a peak in 2012 although total ODA commitments have steadily increased according to OECD DAC data. However, climate finance in the water sector has increased so much since 2013 according to 7 MDB Joint report on Climate Finance. Water, especially, in climate change is the main issue for adaptation, and the total finance in the water sector reached 50% of the international public adaptation finance in 2016. However, the procedures for approval and the requirements of the proposals for climate funds are different from those for development finance. Notwithstanding the changes in money flows in the water sector, most korean engineering consulting firms in the water infrastructure area are not ready to win the funds relating to climate change. Therefore, It is important to understand a variety of sources of climate funds, characteristics, funding scale on each purpose and procedures for approval. Korean government needs to provide the firms the opportunities to buildup experiences by getting involved in climate adaptation projects with the financial support for developing PPFs, concept notes, and proposals.

• Life and Agrochemicals
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• s.258
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• pp.30-33
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• 2010

세계 금융위기와 함께 매출액이 떨어졌다. 이상기후로 인한 병해충 발생 감소는 수요를 억제했고 곡물가격 하락 또한 부정적 요인으로 작용했다. 신젠타와 바이엘의 업계 1 2위간 격차는 줄었으나 바이엘이 2위 자리를 벗어나지는 못했다. 몬산토의 극심한 부족이 눈에 띈다. 선도 회사별 현황을 알아본다.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.659-688
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• 2010

Climate change induced by global warming has recently begun to inspire developed nations to introduce a new paradigm, called the sustainable (Green) growth, which entails both the prevention of environmental pollution and the attainment of sustainable growth. The sustainable (Green) growth is founded upon environmental factors that drive a new force of economic progress without deteriorating nature. Thus, the conservation of the environment under the new growth paradigm can be compatible with economic growth, although this was not feasible under conventional economic relations, called the Environmental Kutzets Curve. Sustainable (Green) finance is essential to achieving Green growth efficiently and effectively. Since the financial system for Green growth is at the early stage of implementation, the application of strategies for sustainable (Green) finance should be preceded by proper initiation and protection from the government. In order to establish a feasible strategy for financing green growth, we suggest an effective financial supporting system, taking different operational forms upon the broader stage of technological progress in each individual company.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.465-491
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• 2012

Climate change, a result of increasing global warming, has been receiving more public attention due to its serious impact upon many industries. In this study we consider sustainable- (Green-) Growth and Green-Finance, and in particular temperature derivatives, as appropriately active responses to the world's significant climate change trends. We characterize the daily average temperatures in Seoul, South Korea with their seasonal properties and cycles of error terms. We form forecasting models and perform Monte Carlo simulations, and find that the risk-neutral values for CDD call-options and HDD put-options have risen since 1960s, which implies that the trend of temperature increase can be quantified in the financial markets. Contrary to the existing models, the Vasicek model with the explicit consideration of cycles in the error terms suggests that the significant option-values for the CDD call -options above certain exercise prices, implying that there is the possibility of explicit hedging against the considerable and stable increase in temperature.

• The Magazine for Energy Service Companies
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• s.77
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• pp.14-17
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• 2012

에너지 절약은 이제 개인과 사회의 이익을 넘어 국제적 기후변화 협약 등과 맞물려 한 국가 사활의 문제로 대두되고 있다. 올해 에너지이용합리화자금은 당초 총 5298억원으로 6월중순까지 ESCO투자사업 2021억원, 목표관리업체 투자사업 1239억원, 절약시설 설치사업에 1382억원 등 총 4643억원이 접수됐다. 에너지관리공단은 6월 현재 총 예산대비 약 88%의 자금이 접수 추천되었으며, 이후에도 잔여예산이 발생하는 경우 7월 이후부터 사업별 또는 대 중소기업 구분 없이 잔여예산을 모두 지원할 계획이라 밝혔다. 그러나 ESCO 업체들은 턱 없이 부족한 에너지이용합리화자금만을 기대할 수는 없다. 기업은 스스로 ESCO 사업을 적용, 확대하는 전략을 짜야하고 이에 발맞추어 기관은 정책자금의 확대 필요성을 국내 산업의 에너지 절약 중요성과 해외의 선진 사례를 통해 공론을 조성할 때다. 뿐만 아니라 국가는 ESCO 산업에 대한 금융기관과의 공감대를 형성하고 ESCO 민간금융을 확대하는 원활한 자금조달 방법을 강구해야 한다. 이에 해외 ESCO 파이낸싱의 사례와 국내 민간융자자금에 대해 살펴보고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.106-118
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• 2021

Global governments and initiatives have attempted and integrated various organizational efforts to implement the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), presenting a new paradigm of sustainable development to address global issues (climate change, poverty eradication, and human rights). Recently, investment in sustainable finance has expanded to finance the attainment of goals set out in the Paris Agreement and SDGs. Non-financial factors such as environment, social responsibility, and governance (ESG) have become intangible assets that determine the future competitiveness and profitability of companies. Domestic and foreign institutional investors and asset management companies have been expanding their investments based on the ESG performance of companies. In this study, we aim to derive international standards and initiatives that require disclosure of information on corporate social responsibility activities and ESG performance and analyze construction companies' ESG activities and performance levels. The results of this study can be used as the basis to develop platforms for the construction industry ESG ecosystem and the measurement and management of intangible assets. These could ultimately contribute to overcoming the crisis in the future due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, fostering net-zero emissions, and preventing fatal workplace accidents in the construction industry.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.91-102
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• 2018

The Korean government submitted the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) to UNFCCC which aims to reduce 37% greenhouse gas emission for the opportunity of developing new energy industry and industry innovation by 2030 compared with Business-As-Usual scenario taking into account its international responsibilities and hosting headquarters of Green Climate Fund (GCF) secretariat. The 37% reduction is composed of 25.7% in the domestic markets and 11.3% in the international carbon markets. To achieve the reduction target in the international carbon market mechanisms, it must use the linkage of international carbon markets and develop new renewable energy technology for CDM and ODA. Finally, it must improve carbon capture storage (CCS) technology and establish domestic CCS institutional systems as soon as possible. And, it must activate CCS information exchange for the international cooperation on UNFCCC movement.