• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2015.10a
• /
• pp.77-78
• /
• 2015

산업화로 인하여 토지의 사막화, 물부족, 오존층 파괴, 지구 온난화 등 많은 환경문제가 발생되었으며 아직 진행 중에 있다. 이에 UN에서는 환경 규제를 강화하였으며 국제해사기구(IMO:International Maritime Organization)에서는 선박의 배기가스 규제 강화를 위하여 NOx(질소산화물) 및 SOx(황산화물)의 배기량을 줄이도록 하고 있으며 2016년부터는 본격적으로 규제하려 하고 있다. 상기의 규제 물질 중 NOx를 제거하는 선택적환원촉매(SCR:Selectivity Catalytic Reduction) 시스템은 선박의 배기가스가 지나가는 통로에 요소수(Urea)를 분무하여 $260^{\circ}C$ 이상의 높은 온도에서 요소수에 있는 암모니아가 배기가스에 있는 NOx와 반응, 결합함으로서 NOx를 질소와 산소로 분리, 제거하는 방식이다. 하지만 선박의 경우 대부분 엔진이 2행정으로 배기가스 온도가 일반적으로 $180^{\circ}C{\sim}220^{\circ}C$이기 때문에 요소수에 있는 암모니아가 배기가스에 있는 NOx와 반응하지 않아 환원률이 높지 않다. 이에 우리는 초미세기포를 이용하여 낮은 온도에서도 반응할 수 있는 요소수 및 요소수 활성화 기기를 개발하여 상기의 문제점들을 최소화 할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 SCR 시스템의 점성유동해석을 통하여 보다 효율적인 SCR 시스템의 개발을 할 수 있도록 기여하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.5-9
• /
• 2007

The construction method for Foamed-Concrete has not been important due to following process of construction work. However, according to the code about enhance of energy saving design policy and impact noise, noised isolation has been used in construction site so that the resistance for cracking and capability for insulating of Foamed-Concrete has been required. Therefore, new alternatives are demanded. Optimum mixing design, which can get the improvement of insulation and resistance of crack for Foamed-Concrete adding EVA chip, was derived and also the device, applying to construction site, was invented to equalize quality. This device can measure quantity of all input and placement, and show up the sum of placement and mixing design on a touch screen. This valuable construction method is friendly environment and recycling method because of using EVA chip, by-product of an EVA insole scrap burned or embedded, as a light-weight aggregate.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.239-244
• /
• 2007

For the simultaneous methane recovery and $CO_2$-stripping, we have been developed dual vent auto circulation bubble lift column reactor, and evaluate optimum conditions for monoethanolamine (MEA) solutions as a $CO_2$ absorbent. At the 5 wt% MEA solution, we investigated the pH change during $CO_2$-stripping and absorption reaction, $CO_2$-stripping rate with reaction time, methane recovery efficiency for various inflow rates of air, $CO_2$-stripping rate for flow liquid over flow height, and $CO_2$-stripping dependency on the temperature of absolvent solutions. The suggested optimum conditions for $CO_2$ recovery with MEA in the dual vent auto circulation bubble lift column reactor were 40 mm over flow liquid height, 1.5 L/min of air inflow rate, and $25^{\circ}C$ of absorbent solution temperature.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.273-280
• /
• 2001

An absorber is a major component in the absorption refrigeration systems and its performance greatly affects the overall system performance. In this study, experimental analyses on heat transfer characteristics for removal of absorption heat in ammonia-water bubble mode absorber were performed. Heat transfer coefficients were estimated as the variations of input gas flow rate, solution flow rate, temperature, concentration, absorber diameter and height, and input flow direction. The increase of gas and solution flow rate affects positively in heat transfer. However, the increase of solution temperature and concentration affects negatively. Moreover, under the same Reynolds Numbers, countercurrent flow is superior to cocurrent flow in heat transfer performance. In addition, from these experimental data, empirical correlations which can explain easily the characteristics of heat transfer are derived.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.463-472
• /
• 1996

Experiments were carried out to study the operation characteristics of a regenerator with a thermo-syphon pump and a surface-flame burner for a lithium bromide (LiBr)-water absorption heat pump. A cylindrical-shape metal-fiber burner and commercial grade propane were used. The emission of carbon monoxide and nitric oxide was measured by a combustion gas analyzer. Ther regeneration rate of water vapor as a refrigerant was measured. It could be as a reference value showing the performance of the regenerator. The circulation rate of the LiBr-water solution was also measured from both the tanks for the weak-and the strong-solution. Using a refractometer, the LiBr concetration in the solution was calculated from the measured refractory index of the solution. Temperature of the solution and the condensed water was recorded at several points in the experimental apparatus with thermocouples, using a personal computer. This data collecting system for measuring temperature was calibrated with a set of standard thermometers. The generating rate of water vapor as refrigerant increased linearly with heat supplied. It was about 4.0g/s with the heat supplied at a rate of 16,500kcal/h. The circulation rate of LiBr solution also increases with the heat supplied. The difference in LiBr concentrations between the weak and the strong solution was in the range of 1 to 5% when the concentration of the strong solution was about 60%. It was dependent upon both the heat supplied and the circulation rate of the solution. The initial concentration and the level of the LiBr solution in the regenerator were measured and recorded before experiments. The effect of them on the generating rate of water vapor and the circulation rate of the solution was also studied. The generating rate of water vapor was not strongly dependent upon both the level of the LiBr solution and the initial LiBr concentration. However, the concentration difference of the solution increases with the initial level of the LiBr solution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.606-613
• /
• 2007

This study investigates the behavior of a plunging wave and its associated runup and overtopping through velocity measurements and suggests an empirical formula for overtopping velocities on a structure. The plunging wave breaking in front of the structure generates very bubbly flow fields. For measurements of the two phase flow field of the breaking wave, particle image velocimetry and a modified optical method were employed. The obtained velocity fields were discussed in respect of the process of wave impinging, runup and overtopping. The overtopping velocity distribution is found to have a nonlinear profile showing a maximum magnitude at its front part. The relationship of self-similarity among dimensionless parameters is observed and used to obtain the regression formula to depict the overtopping velocity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.487-487
• /
• 2015

우리나라의 강우 특성 상, 여름철에 집중되는 강우로 인해 홍수가 빈번히 발생하고 겨울과 봄에는 수자원이 부족한 현상이 발생한다. 또한 최근 기후변화에 따라 홍수와 가뭄의 강도와 빈도가 증가하고 있으며, 그로 인한 피해는 점차 증가하고 있다. 이러한 기후변화에 대응하여 효율적인 수자원 관리를 위해서는 저수지와 댐에서의 정량적인 물관리가 필요한 실정이다. 신뢰도 높은 저수지 수문자료 생성을 위하여 상류지역에서 저수지로의 유입량을 정확히 계측하는 것은 저수지 관리에서 무엇보다도 중요하다. 하지만 저수지 상류의 경우에는 대부분 산지 계곡 지형으로 이루어져 일반적인 유량측정에 사용되는 프로펠러 유속계를 이용한 도섭법 유량측정의 경우 많은 제약이 있다. 또한 이에 따른 유량 측정의 신뢰도가 매우 낮아지는 어려움이 존재한다. K-water 연구원은 이러한 문제점을 해결하고 신뢰도 높은 유량측정을 위해서 2012년 10월, 전북 무주군에 위치한 덕곡제 상류 1km 지점의 사방댐에 예언위어를 설치하여 유량측정을 실시하였다. 사방댐은 보통 계곡과 같은 하상구배가 큰 산지 지형에서 갑작스런 강우에 의해 발생하는 급류로 산사태가 일어나는 것과 토사 유출을 방지하기 위해 건설되며, 이러한 사방댐에 예언위어의 설치를 통해 사방댐의 기존용도 외에 유량측정도 할 수 있도록 하였다. 사방댐의 형태를 유지하면서 유량 측정을 위해 폭 12m, 높이 20cm의 예언위어를 설치하였고, 부식을 방지하기 위해 스테인리스 재질을 선택하였다. 사방댐에 설치된 위어로부터 측정된 수위를 유량 환산식에 대입을 함으로써 간단하게 유량산출을 가능하게 하였다. 사방댐에 설치된 위어에 기포식 수위계를 설치하여 30분 단위로 수위를 측정하여 유출량을 측정하였다. 또한 근처의 플럭스 타워에 설치된 강우량계에서 측정된 강우량을 통하여 유입량을 산정하였고, 이를 통하여 유출률을 분석하였다. 이와 같이 사방댐을 활용한다면 인력에 의한 유량측정보다 저비용으로 신뢰도 높은 유량 자료를 얻을 수 있으며, 이를 통해 저수지에서 합리적이고 효율적인 수자원 관리를 할 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
• /
• v.2 no.3 s.4
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 1999

In a screw-type centrifugal pump, the pump head deteriorates from single-phase flow to the choke due to an increased air entrainment at a wide tip clearance compared to that of a narrow tip clearance. Moreover, at a narrow tip clearance, the pump head became partially higher in a two-phase flow than that of a single-phase flow near the best efficiency point in low void fraction region. Therefore, we observed the internal flow pattern by using a stroboscope and we measured the mean size of bubbles from the images obtained with a high speed camera. Then, we investigated the influences of the mean size of bubbles, tip clearances and flow patterns on pump performance.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.903-911
• /
• 1994

This study addresses the phenomena of bubbling, icing, eruption, component varieties of the evaporated natural gas, and volumetric heat transfer coefficients obtained during the operation of a proposed LNG evaporator between LNG and water in direct contact. In the present investigation, the explosive and eruption phenomena within the water column were not observed during the entire operation of the heat exchanger. Compared with the natural gas produced by conventional LNG evaporator, the analysis of the gas produced by the direct contact LNG evaporator shows that nitrogen, methane, and ethane components were reduced by 0.002~0.007mol%(4~14%), 1.6~1.92mol%(1.9~2.3%) and 0.17~1.28mol%(1.1~8.4%) respectively, while the moisture content was rather increased by 0.51~0.76mol%. The maximum volumetric heat transfer coefficient of the direct contact heat exchanger was found to be $21, 800kW/m^3\cdotK$.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.247-258
• /
• 1994

In this study, experimental investigations to find cold energy storage performance have been made for two different temperatures at condenser. Temperatures at inlet and outlet of condenser were measured to calculate global heat transfer coefficient of direct contact method in our cold energy storage system. Also storage performance by direct contact method was compared with that of Ice-On-Coil type ice storage which was calculated by analytic solution. Results show that, in the case of $-8.0^{\circ}C$ at condenser inlet, heat transfer coefficient of direct contact method is 3.25 times higher than that of conventional method and COP of system is improved by using R141b as refrigerant which produces gas hydrate and has higher phase change temperature than $0.0^{\circ}C$.