• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.460-467
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• 2015

Sea urchin roe obtained from Anthocidaris crassispina and Pseudocentrotus depressus was briefly salt-fermented (5%), followed by ethanol treatment (1%) and the physicochemical properties as well as antioxidant activity were investigated. Compared to raw sea urchin roes, the salted one showed a significantly low amount of water (p<0.001) high salinity (p<0.05), ash content (p<0.001) and Na content (p<0.001). With salt-fermentation, the redness (p<0.05) and yellowness (p<0.001) of roe decreased noticeably, indicating the decomposition of endogenous carotenoids. Accordingly, the salted roe showed a lower DPPH radical scavenging activity than its unsalted counterpart. Additionally, it showed a significantly lower metal-chelating activity (p<0.05) and metal chelator content (e.g. ortho-phenolics) displayed by a negligible difference in titratable acidity. The salted roe showed significantly increased hardness (p<0.05) and total reducing capacity (p<0.001), which were attributed to the protein coagulation and the release of antioxidants bound to macromolecules after the ethanol treatment, respectively.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 1998

Recently crosshole seismic tomography has come to be widely used especially for the civil engineering, because it can provide more detail information than any other surface method, although the resolution of tomogram will be inevitably deteriorated to some extent due to the limited wavefield aperture on the nonuniqueness of traveltime inversion. In addition, our field sites often consist of a high-velocity bed rock overlain by low-velocity rock, sometimes with a contrast of more than 45 percent, and furthermore the bed rock is folded. The first arriving waves can be then the refracted ones that travel along the bed rock surface for some source/receiver distances. Thus, the desirable first arrivals can be easily misread that cause severe distortion of the resulting tomogram, if it is concerned with (straight ray) traveltime inversion procedure. In this case, comparision with synthetic data (forward modeling) is a valuable tool in the interpretation process. Besides, abundant information is contained in the crosshole data. For instance, examination of tube waves can be devoted to detecting discontinuities within the borehole such as breakouts, faults, fractures or shear zones as well as the end of the borehole. Specific frequency characteristics of marine silty mud will help discriminate from other soft rocks. The aim of this paper is to present several strategies to analyze and interpret the crosshole data in order to improve the ability at first to determine the spatial dimensions of interwell anomalies and furthermore to understand the underground structures. To this end, our field data are demonstrated. Possibility of misreading the first arrivals was illustrated. Tube waves were investigated in conjunction with the televiewer images. Use of shot- and receiver gathers was examined to benefit the detectabilities of discontinuities within the borehole.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.459-467
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• 2016

LISFLOOD-FP model in which channel flows are resolved separately from the floodplain flows using either a kinematic or diffusive wave approximation has been used to analyze flooding behavior on the lower Mankyung River influenced by backwater. A calibration and validation process was applied using the previous flood events to assess the model performance. Sensitivity analysis was conducted for main calibrated parameters, such as Manning roughness coefficient and downstream boundary condition. Also, we examined the effect of warm-up for the initial conditions. The results show that the computed hydrograph is in good agreement with measured data on the study reach, even though it was a hydrologic kinematic wave model. The sensitive analysis show that the difference between the computed results may be greater depending on the used calibrated parameters and that the sufficient calibration/validation process against various flood events is necessary. If the flood inundation simulation is performed using the validated model, it is expected to be able to contribute about river planning and policy decision-making for flood damage reduction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.245-251
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• 2017

The purpose of the study is to empirically investigate how the higher allowance ratio for bank loans affects the cost of equity using Korean banks from 2002- 2015. First of all, we analyzed the impact of the higher allowance ratio on the cost of equity for Korean banks. Secondly, from the perspective of governance structure, we analyzed the existence of different impacts whether banks were affiliated with financial holding companies. The results showed an increasing impact of higher allowance ratio on the cost of equity for Korean banks. Also, we found these impacts differ whether the banks are affiliated with financial holding companies. The results indicate that the burden of higher allowance ratios for bank loans may provide negative impacts on capital markets. The higher the allowance ratio, which means the greater risk for banks, may help to increase the cost of equity concerning Korean banks.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.39 no.5 s.166
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• pp.383-394
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• 2006

This study is for the inundation damage analysis caused by levee break, and for the applicability of GIS tool to make inundation map in the Jungrang stream basin which is one of the representative urbanized area in Korea. The FLDWAV was applied to the actual flood in 1998 to calibrate the parameters, and was used under the flood conditions of 100, 200 years and PMF for the analysis of inundation caused by the levee breach. As the conditions of the levee break, the duration of break(10, 30, 60 min), the width of break(10, 20, 30m) and the location of the break are considered. We found out that the range and the volume of the inundation are strongly influenced by the location of the levee break, the break width in order. And, we compared the two processes of making the inundation map using WMS and ArcView model. The Process 1 which use only WMS has the benefit by its simplicity but there could be considerable errors in making the inundation map, while Process 2 where the ArcView model is introduced to WMS has the capability of making detailed topography map but needs more process time. This study could contribute to levee breach flood analysis and making flood map to establish the EAP(Emergency Action Plan) in the urban basin.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1001-1005
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• 2005

현재 평화의 댐 배수터널은 직경 10m 원형 x 4 련의 콘크리트 라이닝 터널로 구성되어 있다. 배수터널내의 흐름특성은 터널직경, 모양, 터널결사, 조도계수 및 입구부와 출구부의 기하학적 성질, 터널의 상류수위와 하류수위 등에 따라 개수로 혹은 관수로의 흐름특성이 나타난다. 따라서 터널내의 흐름은 각각의 경우에 따른 수리학적 해석이 달리 적용되어진다. 화천댐의 수위와 연계하여 평화의 댐 방류량을 산정하기 위해서는 상$\cdot$하류 수위에 따른 관로내의 흐름특성이 다양하게 변화하는 바 이에 따른 수리학적 검토가 필요하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 배수터널의 흐름별로 계산 방법을 도출하였으며 상$\cdot$하류의 수위와 단면형태를 고려하여 먼저 배수터널내의 흐름특성을 규명한 다음 그에 합당한 유량산정공식으로 배수터널 내에서 유하하는 흐름의 유량값을 산정할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 본 검토에서 구축된 계산절차에 의해서 평화의 댐 수위가 급격하게 변화하는 시점인 2002년 1월, 6월 그리고 2004년 8월 시점의 평화의 댐, 화천댐의 수위를 검토하여 방류량을 산정하였다. 평화의 댐에서는 방류량을 결정하기 위한 계측시설이 없기 때문에 가장 가까운 하류부의 화천댐 유입량과 비교를 수행하게 된다. 강우가 지속되면서 화천댐의 유입량이 증가를 하게 되는데 화천댐 유역의 국지적인 호우에 따른 유입량으로 판단되는 부분을 제외하고는 화천댐 유입량과 계산된 평화의 댐 방류량에서 유사한 결과를 도출하고 있었다. 이와 같은 산정법을 바탕으로 하여 강우에 따른 평화의 댐 방류량을 정확히 산정함으로서 댐유역의 비상사태 발생 또는 임남댐의 방류 등을 추정하는데 크게 기여할 수 있을것으로 판단된다.2$으로 나타났다. 밸브 개폐도가 $100\%$일 때가 밸브를 $60\%$와 $80\%$ 개폐시켰을 때보다 $0.3kg/cm^2,\;0.29kg/cm^2$ 낮게 나타나 밸브를 전체 개방 했을 때 관로내의 수압이 상수설계기준에 적합한 수압을 유지함을 알 수 있다. 상수관로 설계 기준에서는 관로내 수압을 $1.5\~4.0kg/cm^2$으로 나타내고 있는데 $6kg/cm^2$보다 과수압을 나타내는 경우가 $100\%$로 밸브를 개방하였을 때보다 $60\%,\;80\%$ 개방하였을 때가 더 빈번히 발생하고 있으므로 대상지역의 밸브 개폐는 $100\%$ 개방하는 것이 선계기준에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 밸브 개폐에 따른 수압 변화를 모의한 결과 밸브 개폐도를 적절히 유지하여 필요수량의 확보 및 누수방지대책에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.8R(mm)(r^2=0.84)$로 지수적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 유거수량은 토성별로 양토를 1.0으로 기준할 때 사양토가 0.86으로 가장 작았고, 식양토 1.09, 식토 1.15로 평가되어 침투수에 비해 토성별 차이가 크게 나타났다. 이는 토성이 세립질일 수록 유거수의 저항이 작기 때문으로 생각된다. 경사에 따라서는 경사도가 증가할수록 증가하였으며 $10\% 경사일 때를 기준으로 $Ro(mm)=Ro_{10}{\times}0.797{\times}e^{-0.021s(\%)}$로 나타났다.천성 승모판 폐쇄 부전등을 초래하는 심각한 선천성 심질환이다. 그러

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.279-298
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• 2014

This research is based on service marketing to explain the effect of barista job attributes as the antecedents of lovemarks for increasing brand loyalty. The analysis was held with customers who experienced local and national coffee shop in Pusan area by using SPSS18K and Smart PLS 2.0. The study verified the structural equation model hypothesizing the relationship among related factors including barista job attributes, lovemarks and brand loyalty. According to the result of this study, barista job attributes factors including expertise, communication, and service orientation have positive effect on the lovemark. Furthermore, structural relationships among lovemark variables were identified through hypothesis testing. However, the effects of expertise and service orientation on intimacy were not significant especially in local brand. Additional multi-group testing was conducted to explain managerial implication of this research. The research has several marketing implication on service marketing and lovemark theory. For firms, customers'perception of barista's job attributes can generate positive lovemark effect and develop brand loyalty in the service marketing perspectives.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2023

An optimized design of the transportation insulated box must be considered to control the thermal damage in order to maintain the fresh condition for temperature-sensitive medicine and frozen food safety. The inside temperature of the insulated box is a natural convection enclosure state, thermal stratification naturally occurs as time passes in case of with outside heat load. The latent heat material (LHM) placement inside the box maintains the target temperature of the product for temperature fluctuations during transport, and LHM application is a common and efficient method. In this work, inside temperature stratification in an insulated box depending on the LHM pack position is numerically simulated and experimented. The insulated box is made up of vacuum insulation panel (VIP), and LHM modules are placed over six faces inside the box, with the same weight. The temperature curves for 72 hrs as experiment results clearly show the temperature stratification in the upper, middle, and lower at the LHM melting time region. However, the temperature stratification state is uniformly changed in accordance with the condition of the upper and lower placement weight of the LHM pack. And also, the temperature uniformity by changed placement weight of LHM has an effect on maintaining time for target air temperature inside the box. These results provide information on the optimized design of the insulated box with LHM.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.4 s.62
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• pp.257-266
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychological reaction to the image of the worship space in the church buildings and to quantify its contribution of the stimulation elements causing such reaction, and finally to suggest basic data for realizing emotional worship space of the church architecture. For this, 143 christians were surveyed to analyze the relationship between 23 emotional expressions extracted from the worship space and 32 images of the worship space. The combined data was described with the two dimensional dispersion using the quantification theory III. The analysis found out that 'simplicity-complexity' of the image consisted of the horizontal axis (the x-axis) and 'creativity' of the image the vertical axis(the y-axis). In addition, to extract the causal relationship between the value of emotional reaction and its stimulation elements quantitatively, the author indicated 4 emotional word groups such as simple, sublime for x-axis and typical creative for y-axis based on its similarity by the cluster analysis, The quantification theory I was also used with total value of equivalent emotional words as the standard variance and the emotional stimulation elements of the worship space as the independent variance. 9 specific examples of the emotional stimulation elements were selected including colors and shapes of the wall and the ceiling, shapes and finish of the floor materials, window shapes, and the use of the symbolic elements. Furthermore, 31 subcategories were also chosen to analyse their contribution on the emotional reaction. As a result, the color and finish of the wall found to be the most effective element on the subjects' emotional reaction, while the symbolic elements and the color of the wall found to be the least effective. It is estimated that the present study would be helpful to increase the emotional satisfaction of the users and to approach a spatial design through satisfying the types and purposes of the space.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2002

Serotonin transporter(5-HTT) is one of the major action site of antidepressants in neuronal cells. According to the recent studies, it is known that the functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the 5-HTT gene(5-HTT linked polymorphism repetitive element in promoter region, 5-HTTLPR) is associated with antidepressant responsiveness, and the distributions of 5-HTTLPR is various among the different populations. Our preliminary study suggested that it is possible to measure the endophenotype of 5-HTTLPR genotype by examining the pharmacodynamic research of the 5-HTT in platelet membranes. However, there are limitations to predicting the antidepressant responsiveness only from the endophenotypic characteristics of 5-HTT gene promoter polymorphism, and therefore we propose to use the pharmacogenomic methods for overcoming these limitations. We found that the significant correlations existed among the genetic polymorphisms of biogenic amine transporters whose structure and characteristics are similar to the 5-HTT, and the predictable odds ratio of antidepressant responsiveness are increased significantly by combining the effect with other associated polymorphisms, compared to the effect of 5-HTT promoter polymorphism only. These results support the hypothesis that antidepressant treatment has to be individualized according to the genetic and ethnic background of depressed patients. It would be possible to develope the evaluation tools to predict the antidepressant responsiveness and its side effect profile, if scientists reveal the genes related to the action mechanism as well as the metabolism of antidepressants so as to discover the interaction of those genes and contribution of endogenotypes toward antidepressant responsiveness.