• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.87-87
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• 2014

조선 전기 세종(世宗, 1418-1450)에 의해 천체관측기기와 천문역법을 개발하는 사업이 있었다. 이 때 조선의 천문대인 간의대가 건설되었고, 더불어 소간의, 일성정시의, 현주일구, 천평일구, 정남일구, 앙부일구 등 다수의 소형화된 천문의기가 개발되었다. 이보다 앞서 중국 원(元)왕조의 최신 관측기기였던 간의, 규표, 혼천의, 혼상 등을 제작하였는데, 이 과정에서 습득한 기술적 경험을 바탕으로 소형화된 천문의기 새롭게 발전시킨 것으로 보인다. 당시 천문의기를 구성하는 것에는 천구의 도수를 눈금으로 새긴 원형의 환(環)이나 구형의 혼(渾)이 있었다. 조선에서는 시헌력을 도입하기 전까지 천구의 도수(주천도수)를 365.25 등분하였고, 하루 12시진을 백각으로 나누었으며, 이를 각각 주천도분환과 백각환에 눈금을 새기었다. 당시에는 환의 둘레에 주천도수와 백각을 새기는 기술적인 어려움이 있었다. 이러한 제작 상의 문제를 해결하는 방법으로, 본 연구에서는 도수나 시각의 각거리를 일정한 길이의 단위로 설정하여 원주를 등분하였을 것으로 가정하였다. 즉 조선의 소형화된 천문의기는 주천도의 1도나 백각의 1각을 일정한 길이의 단위인 푼이나 치의 정수배로 하여 환의 둘레에 주천도수와 백각의 눈금을 새겼을 것으로 추정하였다. 만일 주천도의 1도 각거리를 1푼으로, 백각의 1각 각거리를 1푼으로 하는 표준 변환을 적용하면, 각각 환의 지름이 1.16치, 0.32치가 된다. 이러한 방법이 현존하는 일성정시의나 소간의의 세 종류의 환과 현주일구의 백각환의 특성과 잘 일치함을 보이고 있다. 이 연구의 결과는 향후 소형화된 천문의기의 구조적인 재원을 연구할 때나 출처가 불분명한 의기의 크기를 이해하는데 주요한 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2022

The government introduced a waste disposal share system to reduce the annual increase in construction waste and to increase the recycling rate. As a result, the cost of waste treatment by public institutions is growing inevitably, causing disagreements and disputes between the public owner and the construction waste treatment company. They are also arguing for an increase in construction waste disposal costs. Therefore, in this study, an on-site survey was conducted to identify the current construction waste management problems and to find improvements. The survey was conducted for supervisors of public institutions, construction companies, and those related to waste treatment companies. The survey results were analyzed by dividing the construction waste management, regulations, treatment cost, and treatment method. The results of this study were used as primary data for changes in the construction waste guidelines and waste treatment costs of public institutions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.398-407
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• 2021

Firefighters (who are responsible for people's safety) have one of the jobs that are expected to have problems due to aging in the workforce. An increase in the average age of firefighters can lead to serious social problems. The aim of this study is to survey firefighters in Jeollanam-do about their awareness of aging in firefighters, and to propose a plan to prepare them for aging through investigation and analysis of work problems that may occur due to an aging workforce. The survey shows that the higher the age group, the higher the awareness of aging firefighters, and the higher the total work experience and internal/external work experience, the higher the awareness of aging. As a plan to solve various problems that may arise from aging in firefighters, regular operation of physical fitness promotion programs, field work, job rotation, and managerial measures (such as a change of position to an administrative department) are prepared, and drone or robot technology is used. These solutions include the introduction of applied high-tech technologies to firefighting activities, establishment of retirement management policies, and preparation of plans to revitalize the connection to private employment. In order to maximize the applicability of the field, government institutional plans and preparations are essential.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.559-565
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• 2016

For the purpose of the research, it is analyze the influence traffic Signal Progression on a CBD by expansion of Permissive Left-Turn on the advanced traffic management system program compared with traffic response control For this, divided a average distance between intersections, a traffic network on five district in four city. As the result, Volume of the traffic management system on a advanced traffic management system program compared with traffic response control is effective in traffic signal cycle 160sec 286car per lane, in 140sec 308car, 120sec 264car. As well, for a traffic network as the length of a traffic network 2.0~3.0km, under 2.0km, all of traffic signal cycle(160sec, 140sec, 120sec) a passing band and stop is more effective. But the traffic management system on traffic response control compared with the traffic management system on a advanced traffic management system program is effective in the length of a traffic network over 5.0km. For the efficiency of traffic signal system manage, it should be runned the traffic management system on traffic response control in addition to the traffic management system on a advanced traffic management system program on CBD. As the result of simulation the business in chungju-si, the travel speed of the traffic management system on a advanced traffic management system program is 41.2km/h and the travel speed of traffic response control is 37.5km/h. Therefore, it should be runned per length of a traffic network the traffic management system on traffic response control in addition to the traffic management system on a advanced traffic management system program on CBD.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.48
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• pp.46-62
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• 2009

The current study attempted to review the standards of retransmisison consent and arbitration for the terrestrial broadcasting signal. The standards are based upon the principles encouraged by the MIAC(Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications). It has been criticized that the standards of judgement for the retransimission consent and arbitration are ambiguous and arbitrary in Japan. In 2009, MIAC announced five decisions regarding the retransmission of over-the-air. The result of the current study found that the regulations of compulsory over-the-air signal retransmission have been sustained until now. The retransmission policy of the Japan government based upon three principles; localism, proper cause and copyright act. The judgment is dependent on the intrepretation of MIAC's standard about these three principles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.808-817
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• 2013

This study was conducted to compare job satisfaction and factors related to job satisfaction between permanently and temporarily employed dietitians in school foodservices in the Gyeongsangnam-do area. A total of 204 questionnaires were used in the final analysis. The average age, length of employment, and monthly wage of temporarily employed dietitians was significantly lower than those of permanently employed dietitians. However, there was no significant difference of overall job satisfaction between permanently and temporarily employed dietitians, although the average pay, welfare benefits, and promotion factors for permanently employed dietitians was significantly higher. Work and pay factors had significant effects on the overall job satisfaction of permanently employed dietitians, while work factors and work atmosphere had significant effects on the overall job satisfaction of temporarily employed dietitians. In conclusion, there was a significant difference in overall factors related to job satisfaction between permanently employed dietitian and temporarily employed dietitians. The pay, welfare benefits, and promotion condition of temporarily employed dietitians should be improved to ensure the efficient management of the school foodservice workforce in the future.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.234-252
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• 2023

This study looked at the modification of major gardens while making Deoksugung Palace (德壽宮) a park in the Japanese colonial era. This is because landscaping work was carried out in various places from 1932 to 1933 to open Deoksugung Palace, which used to be an imperial palace, as a public recreation space. In particular, major gardens such as the front yard of Seokjojeon Hall (石造殿), the back yard of Hamnyeongjeon Hall (咸寧殿), and the back yard of Jeukjodang Hall (卽阼堂) were greatly transformed into different shapes from the original. During the first phase of construction in 1932, a water tank was installed in Seokjojeon Hall Garden, creating the first water space. This water tank was originally a structure installed in the front yard of Injeongjeon Hall (仁政殿) of Changdeokgung Palace (昌德宮). Around 1909, a water tank installed in the front yard of Injeongjeon Hall was relocated to Seokjojeon Garden in the process of turning Deoksugung Palace into a park. The water tank moved from the front yard of Injeongjeon Hall was a factor that transformed the central area of Seokjojeon Garden into a water space, and a fountain installed to replace the water tank remains to this day. The backyard of Hamnyeongjeon Hall was also renovated into a new shape during the first phase of construction. Originally, there was a terraced flowerbed called Hwagye (花階) in the backyard of Hamyujae Hall (咸有齋) and Hamnyeongjeon Hall, and it was restored from the construction that took place after the Great Fire of Deoksugung Palace. In the process of turning Deoksugung Palace into a park, a three-stage stonework was built in the front yard of Jeonggwanheon Pavilion (靜觀軒) which renovated the Hwagye in the backyard of Hamyujae Hall and Hamnyeongjeon Halll. The stonework built at that time was used as a peony garden to provide visitors with attractions after the opening of Deoksugung Palace, and it remains today with the name Jeonggwanheon's Hwagye. The backyard of the Jeukjodang Hall area is a case of damage in the second phase of construction in 1933. Like the backyard of Hamnyeongjeon Hall, the backyard of Jeukjodang Hall, where the Hwagye was originally built, was converted into a Japanese-style garden in the process of turning Deoksugung Palace into a park. The site where the Hwagye was demolished was decorated with a Japanese-style garden centered on mounding, small roads, and landscaping stones, as well as topographic control and planting work. Although there have been minor changes since liberation, the backyard of the Jeukjodang Hall area is still based on a Japanese-style garden created by turning Deoksugung Palace into a park.

• Atmosphere
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.275-295
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• 2023

In Korea, there are four institutions related to atmospheric science: the university's atmospheric science-related department, the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), the ROK Air Force Weather Group, and the Meteorological Industry Association. These four institutions have developed while maintaining a deep cooperative relationship with the Korea Meteorological Society (KMS) for the past 60 years. At the university, 6,986 bachelors, 1,595 masters, and 505 doctors, who are experts in meteorology and climate, have been accredited by 2022 at 7 universities related to atmospheric science. The KMA is carrying out national meteorological tasks to protect people's lives and property and foster the meteorological industry. The ROK Air Force Weather Group is in charge of military meteorological work, and is building an artificial intelligence and space weather support system through cooperation with universities, the KMA, and the KMS. Although the Meteorological Industry Association has a short history, its members, sales, and the number of employees are steadily increasing. The KMS greatly contributed to raising the national meteorological service to the level of advanced countries by supporting the development of universities, the KMA, the Air Force Meteorological Agency, and the Meteorological Industry Association.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.473-483
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• 2022

BIM(Building Information Modeling) is a technology that can manage information throughout the entire life cycle of the construction industry and serves as a platform for improving productivity and integrating the entire construction industry. Currently, BIM is actively applied in developed countries, and its use at various overseas construction sites is increasing This is unclear. due to air shortening and budget savings. However, there is still a lack of institutional basis and technical limitations in the domestic construction sector, which have led to the lack of utilization of BIM. Various activation measures and institutional frameworks will need to be established for the early establishment of these productive BIMs in Korea. Therefore, as part of the research for the domestic settlement and revitalization of BIM, this study derived a number of key factors necessary for the development of the construction industry through brainstorming and expert surveys using AHP techniques and analyzed the relative importance of each factor. In addition, prior surveys by a group of experts resulted in 1, 3 items in level, 2, 9 items in level, and 3, 27 items in level, and priorities analysis was performed through pairwise comparisons. As a result of the AHP analysis, it was found that the relative importance weight of policy aspects was highest in level 1, and the policy factors in level 2 and the cost-based and incentive system introduction factors were considered most important in level 3. These findings show that the importance of the policy guidance or institutions underlying the activation of BIM rather than research and development or corporate innovation is relatively high, and that the preparation of policy plans by public institutions should be the first priority. Therefore, it is considered that the development of a policy system or guideline must be prioritized before it can be advanced to the next activation stage. The use of BIM technologies will not only contribute to improving the productivity of the construction industry, but also to the overall development of the industry and the growth of the construction industry. It is expected that the results of this study can provide as useful information when establishing policies for activating BIM in central government, relevant local governments, and related public institutions.