• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.292-309
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• 2022

Recently, with the development of interactive communication system, demands for video live streaming service has increased. Live streamers generate revenues from donations, but existing laws are inadequate to handle these donations. Problems arise when minors donate because they have the right of revocation. In the case of donations that request benefits in return, legal characteristics and results are different from unilateral donations. If minors exercise their right of revocation, live streamers must pay back without getting proper compensation for their services. In this paper, we detect the characteristics of bilateral contract in live streaming donation, indicate the harms that live streamers can get, examine precedents and donation processes focusing on cases when minors can not exercise the right of revocation due to deception, and propose revisions that can protect the streamers without invading minors' rights. Through academically identifying ambiguous legal situations and presenting dispute prevention procedures, this paper can bring positive impacts on the online industry.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2024

In accordance with the clean hydrogen-centered hydrogen industry development plan, technology development and demonstration operation of water electrolysis devices are being actively carried out. Risk assessments are performed on newly developed hydrogen-using facilities and supplies to identify potential hazard factors. However, in general, most industrial accidents are caused by operator's human error or incorrect work practices. Additionally, the possibility of accidents occurring during operation control, maintenance, and inspection increases. For this reason, for equipment developed for demonstration operation, the correct work methods for the main jobs of operator must be reviewed and work procedures must be prepared. Accordingly, in this study, we conducted a job safety analysis (JSA) on major jobs in the operation of water electrolysis facilities to study safe work methods and necessary measures.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.699-708
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• 2023

Nuclear power plants (NPPs) consider possible external events, including natural hazards, during the design phase to ensure safe operation. However, in recent years, due to the increasing probability of natural hazards exceeding the design, a careful review of extreme natural hazards and unforeseen external events during the design phase has become necessary. In this study, the objective was to screen potential extreme natural hazards at NPP sites in Korea. Initially, we investigated and analyzed the characteristics of NPP sites and the events caused by external hazards. Furthermore, we analyzed existing literature and research data to establish screening procedures and criteria that suit the actual conditions of domestic NPPs. Based on these criteria and data, we conducted qualitative screening for each NPP site and identified potential extreme natural hazards through quantitative screening and walkdown. As a result of the screening, in addition to internal flooding caused by heavy rain, wind pressure and extreme air pressure caused by extreme winds were screened as potential extreme natural hazards common to all sites. Additionally, at the Kori site, storm surge was selected as the most significant potential extreme natural hazard.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.153-216
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• 2018

The contemporary practices of Big-Data based automated decision making algorithms are widely deployed not just because we expect algorithmic decision making might distribute social resources in a more efficient way but also because we hope algorithms might make fairer decisions than the ones humans make with their prejudice, bias, and arbitrary judgment. However, there are increasingly more claims that algorithmic decision making does not do justice to those who are affected by the outcome. These unfair examples bring about new important questions such as how decision making was translated into processes and which factors should be considered to constitute to fair decision making. This paper attempts to delve into a bunch of research which addressed three areas of algorithmic application: criminal justice, law enforcement, and national security. By doing so, it will address some questions about whether artificial intelligence algorithm discriminates certain groups of humans and what are the criteria of a fair decision making process. Prior to the review, factors in each stage of data mining that could, either deliberately or unintentionally, lead to discriminatory results will be discussed. This paper will conclude with implications of this theoretical and practical analysis for the contemporary Korean society.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.331-336
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• 2011

The three-dimensional complex curvature of the airfoil complicates the manufacture and repair of gas-turbine components. As a result of the developments in computer technology since the early 1990s, CNC-based technologies for machine tools and related programs have been increasingly applied in the gas turbine industry. In particular, fiveaxis simultaneous machines with adaptive functions have proven its excellent flexibility and productivity due to the capability in determining the 3D data from the unknown curvature. A well-organized robot system with eight-axis simultaneous control can lead to powerful standardization and high productivity. We summarize and review CNC technologies and their applications in the gas turbine industry, with a discussion of the manufacture and repair of gas turbine parts.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 1997

전 세계의 대형 저속 디젤 엔진을 설계.제작하는 회사는 1980년대에 들어오면서 MAN - B&W, SULZER, MITSUBISHI의 3파전 양상을 띠고 있으며, 세계 시장점유율에서는 MAN - B&W가 50%이상을 차지하고 있다. 한국은 현재 한국중공업, 현대중공업, 쌍용중공업 및 삼성중공업에서 대형 저속 디젤 엔진을 생산하고 있다. 국내에서 생산되고 있는 대형 저속 디젤 엔진은 대부분이 MAN - B&W형이고 SULZER형이 약 20%를 차지하고 있다. 기술력은 위의 3사에 거의 의존하고 있으며, 설계보다는 생산에 치중하고 있는 실정이다. 선박용 엔진 구조물은 베드 플레이드(bed plate), 실린더 프레임(cylinder frame), 프레임 박스(frame box)등이 주 스테이 볼트(long stay bolt)에 의하여 체결되어 한 개의 대형 수직 구조물을 이루고 있으며, 프레임 박스의 안내면(guide plate)과 베드 플레이트의 베어링 지지부(bearing support)등은 엔진의 폭발력과 선박의 추진력을 직접적으로 받으므로 구조적 결함과 하자 보수의 문제들이 발생하고 있다. 이와 같은 사용상 및 제작상의 제문제를 해결하기 위해서는 유한요소 구조 해석 능력을 자체 보유하여 구조 설계상의 문제점을 분석하고 엔진 구조물의 취약 부위를 집중 검토하여야하며, 이를 통해 선박의 운항 중에 일어날 수 있는 사고를 미연에 방지할 수 있다. 그러나 국내에서는 이러한 대형 엔진 구조물의 설계/해석 기술이 거의 없고 구조적 문제점이 발생할 경우에는 모든 사항을 설계사(licensor)에 전적으로 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 한편, 설계 기술을 보유하고 있는 MAN - B&W, NEW SULZER DIESEL사 등은 정밀 구조 해석을 통하여 기존 엔진 구조물에 대한 안전성 및 신뢰성을 높임과 동시에 신 모델 개발에 박차를 가하고 있으나, 기술 이전은 회피하고 있어 대형 엔진 구조물에 대한 구조 해석 기술의 개발이 시급하다고 할 수 있다. 본 해설에서는 CAD/CAE(Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Engineering)를 이용하여 위에서 제시된 대형 엔진 구조물의 구조해석 절차와 방법에 대해 간략히 설명하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.65-76
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• 2022

The New Excellent Technology (NET) designation system, introduced in 1989 for the purpose of promoting the development of domestic construction technology and enhancing national competitiveness, reviews the statement of construction cost of new technologies. And the cost reduction effect such as design, construction, and maintenance cost and the effect of reducing the construction duration are evaluated as an evaluation criteria of economic feasibility. However, in this evaluation process, differences of opinion between the institution of construction cost estimating standard management and the new technology developer about unique technologies frequently occur. In addition it is difficult to objectively compare the construction duration with existing similar technologies because there is no information on productivity as the current cost estimating standards for new technologies only present the required amount per unit quantity. In this study, the current state of cost estimating criteria review procedure, evaluation criteria, and cost estimating standards establishment method were analyzed when screening for the designation of a new construction technologies, and compared with overseas cost estimating standards, measures to improve the cost estimating standards of current construction new technologies were suggested. Through the improved cost estimating standards of this study, it is expected that cost information on new technologies will be provided to clients in more detail than the current ones, and the availability and applicability of new construction technologies would be improved by simplifying the construction cost calculation process more.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.76-85
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• 2014

To establish the necessary safety technology in high-pressure toxic gas facilities, especially for the corrosion, which is the main causes of toxic gas accident, this study adopts and investigates the API-581 procedures developed by the American Petroleum Institute (API). And the applicability of the 8-step analytical procedures of consequence analysis in API-581 is discussed, and a method for consequence analysis in high-pressure toxic gas facilities is suggested. Based on the discussion and results, the analytical procedure is simplified as the 6 steps in total for the effective application to high-pressure toxic gas facilities: Step 1 (determination of representative material), Step 5 (determination of release type), Step 6 (determination of phase of fluid), and Step 8 (estimation of damage range) are not applied: Step 3 (estimation of total amount of release) is applied only for the inventory group concept; Step 4 (estimation of release rate) only for the gas release rate; and all of Step 2 (selection of release hole size) and Step 7 (evaluation of post-release response) are applied. In the proposed method, the generally applicable method of CCPS is adopted as alternative method for Steps 5 and 8.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.435-442
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• 2022

In this study, the density of KS L 5110 was compared with that of gas pycnometer and electronic densimeter for efficient density management of cement, blast furnace slag powder and fly ash. Correlation and usability according to the test method were reviewed, and based on the results of the experiment, the availability of alternative test methods was analyzed. As a result of the density test according to test methods, the density of cement, blast furnace slag powder and fly ash tended to decrease in the order of gas pycnometer, KS L 5110 and electronic densimeter. Because the volume range of the sample to be evaluated is different depending on test methods. The coefficient of determination R² was in the range of 0.71 to 0.93, and the correlation according to test methods showed a relatively good correlation. If correction is applied through correlation, it is analyzed that alternative test methods can be used. As a result of the usability review considering the test procedure, measurement time and coefficient of variation, the gas pycnometer had the simplest test procedure and good reliability. In addition, it is expected that the reproducibility between the testers is relatively high because the skill is not greatly required.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2019

In this paper, for a seismic analysis of an offshore subsea manifold, Response Spectrum Analysis(RSA) and Time History Analysis(THA) were conducted under a various analysis conditions. Response spectrum and seismic design procedure have followed ISO19901-2 code. In case of THA, The response spectrum were converted into artificial earthquake history and both of Explicit and Implicit solvers were used to examine the characteristics of seismic analysis. For the verification, Various seismic analysis methods were applied on a single degree of freedom beam model and a simplified model of the actual manifold. The difference between the results of RSA and THA on the simplified manyfold model evaluated for the analysis of the actual manifold. Because THA is impossible in case of real complex structure such as a manifold, Safety of the actual manifold structure was accessed by using the RSA and the difference between the results of RSA and THA from the simplified model.