• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• no.37
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• pp.241-266
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• 2008

Individual donors that are the social and financial base of organization finance are divided into prospect, current donors and lapsed donors. This study might be the first efforts in Korea, to reveal the characteristics and behavior of lapsed donors. We found that major reasons of giving lapse were financial inabilities and interest of other cause. However, many lapsed donors didn't give any more but moved to another nonprofit organization for donation. Moreover, their trust of ex-nonprofit organization has effected their decision to donate to other nonprofit organizations again or not. Therefore, donor services that improve donors' trust is important to maintain nonprofit sector' donor basis.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.394-406
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• 2011

The retailing industry in Korea has developed with new store formats: supermarket, convenient store, discount Store, and super-super market. Also, there are confrontation and conflict between them, becoming a national issue. This study reviews the existing literatures in Korean geography of retailing and consumption and attempts to set forth the future research themes and topics. The review shows that the existing literatures disproportionately focus on location, diffusion, and market area of the new store formats. The future research themes and topics includes the marketplace combined with recreation, donation, environment-friendliness, or social welfare; marketplace as a part of global production and distribution system; expansion of marketplace into homes which are longstanding private space; spatial structure of retailing at various geographical scale.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.36-40
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• 2013

Armillaria gallica was ecologically surveyed to investigate its relationship with Gastrodia elata in cultivation areas of Korea in 2012. In the observation made around October 17 in the area of Namyangju (Gyeonggi), Sangju (Gyeongbuk) and Gimcheon (Gyeongbuk) in Korea, the fruit bodies of A. gallica were consistently found near the cultivation areas of Gastrodia elata across these cultivation areas. Since the temperature and rainfall have been considered as important factors of fruiting of A. gallica, we checked the temperature and rainfall around two weeks ago of mushroom fruiting. The average temperature of all cultivation areas was $9.9{\sim}17.5^{\circ}C$ (the lowest temp.: $3{\sim}23^{\circ}C$, the highest temp.: $15{\sim}26^{\circ}C$) and the annual rainfall was 0.5~1.0mm on October 10 which can be compared to 2.5~4.5mm on October 17. Fruiting bodies were generally developed at weedy field in which G. elata were cultivated five years ago. The field was inclined 15 degrees, east-facing and consists of loam. The fruit bodies were formed on both sides of a small ditch between the Gastrodia elata cultivation fields and neighboring fields, and the areas were common weeds and moisture at all times. The fruiting bodies were growing above the soil rather than oak wood. Gregarious, but also occurs to 1-5 fruiting bodies occur sporadically. Results observed in detail the growing areas, some fruit bodies were developed along the black and thick rhizomorph formation.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.156-168
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• 2012

Chrysanthemum is a cut flower species that normally lasts for 1 to 2 weeks, in some cases 3-4 weeks. This has been attributed to low ethylene production during senescence. Reduction in cut flower quality has been attributed to the formation of air embolisms that partially or completely blocks the water transport from the vase solution to the rest of the cut flower stem, increasing hydraulic resistance which may cause severe water stress, yellowing, wilting of leaf, and chlorophyll degradation. Standard type chrysanthemum can be harvested when buds were still tightly closed and then fully opened with the simple bud-opening solution. Standard type chrysanthemum can also be harvested when the minimum size of the inflorescence is about 5-6 cm bud which opened into the first flower full-sized flower. While spray varieties can be harvested when 2-4 most mature flowers have opened (40% opening). Cut flowers are sorted by stem length, weight, condition, and so on. Standard chrysanthemum is 80 cm length for standard type and 70cm for spray type. Pre-treatment with a STS, plant regulator such as GA, BA, 1-MCP, chrysal, germicide, and sucrose, significantly improved the vase life and quality of cut flowers. It is well established that vase solutions containing sugar can improve the vase life of cut chrysanthemum. Chrysanthemum is normally packed in standard horizontal fiberboard boxes. Chrysanthemum should normally be stored at $5{\sim}7^{\circ}C$. Precooling resulted in reduction in respiration, decomposition, and transpiration activities as well as decoloration retardation. There was significant difference between "wet" storage in 3 weeks and "dry" storage in 2 weeks. In separate pulsing solution trials, various germicides were tested, as well as PGRs to maintain the green color of leaves and turgidity. Prolonging vase life was attained with the application of optimal solution such as HQS, $AgNO_3$, GA, BA and sucrose. This also retarded senescence in leaves of cut flower stems. Fresh cut chrysanthemum can be transported using a refrigerated van with $5{\sim}7^{\circ}C$. Increasing consumption and usage of cut chrysanthemum of various cultivars would require efficient transport system, and effective information exchange among producer, wholesaler, and consumer.