• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2014

We investigate the spatial distribution of highly conductive layer using the one-dimensional inversions of the new magnetotelluric (MT) measurements obtained at the mid-mountain (400 ~ 900 m in elevation) western area of Jeju Island and the previous MT data over Jeju Island, Korea. The conductive layer indicates the sedimentary layer comprised of Seoguipo Fomation and U Formation. There is a definite positive correlation between the top of conductive layer and the earth surface in elevation. On the contrary, the bottom of conductive layer has a negative correlation with the surface elevation. In other words, the conductive layer has a shape of convex lens, which is thickest in the central part. The basement beneath the conductive layer could be concave in the central part of Jeju Island. A kriging considering the correlation between the layer boundary and the surface elevation provides a reliable geoelectric structure model of Jeju Island. However, further studies, i.e. three-dimensional modeling and interpretation integrated with other geophysical or logging data, are required to reveal the possible presence of three-dimensional conductive body near the subsurface vent of Mt. Halla and the causes of the bias in the depths of layer estimated from MT and core log data.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.83-92
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to evaluate whether 3D nuclear chromatin texture features are significant in recognizing the progression of cervical cancer. In particular, we assessed that our method could detect subtle differences in the chromatin pattern of seemingly normal cells on specimens with malignancy. We extracted nuclear texture features based on 3D GLCM(Gray Level Co occurrence Matrix) and 3D Wavelet transform from 100 cell volume data for each group (Normal, LSIL and HSIL). To evaluate the feasibility of 3D chromatin texture analysis, we compared the correct classification rate for each of the classifiers using them. In addition to this, we compared the correct classification rates for the classifiers using the proposed 3D nuclear texture features and the 2D nuclear texture features which were extracted in the same way. The results showed that the classifier using the 3D nuclear texture features provided better results. This means our method could improve the accuracy and reproducibility of quantification of cervical cell.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.209-221
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• 2013

This study is to interpret the construction characteristics and the provenance of soil layers from the Dongnamri site in Baekje Kingdom of Buyeo, Korea. The soil layers is divided into present age layer, Baekje layer and lower part layer, and the soils formed in the Baekje Kingdom period is divided into the Baekje 1st layer and the Baekje 2nd layer according to temporal intervals. The soil layers gradually becomes darker in color and higher in mineral content towards the lower part layer. However, the particular distinction between layers of the soils could not be identified. Additionally, the soil layers show a similar characteristics of mineralogy and geochemical evolution regardless of the layers. This indicates that the sites were made with weathered soil from an identical bed rock, and the site show a similarity to the surrounding soil, indicating its possibility of being the original materials. However, through the analysis of particle size, the first and second Baekje layers occurred that these layers were formed by setting up the soil with high content of sand on the bottom and stacking the soil with high content of silt on top of it.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.490-504
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• 2003

The existence of coastal terraces, HH(High higher) surfaces found at Gampo of southeast coast and at Jeongdongjin of the central east coast were confirmed at Jjgyeong-Ri, the areal border between Gyeongjuand Ulsan city on the southeast coast of Korea Peninsula. Especially this study reports HH JK-surface located on the 155m a.s.l, which is the highest altitude among the ancient shorelines of the coastal terraces in Korea. The HH surfaces on the study area are classified into HH JK at 155m, HH I at 140m and HH II at 115m, and each formation stage is related to MIS 17(720∼690ka BP), MIS 15(630∼560ka BP) and MIS 13(510∼480ka BP) respectively. The HH-surfaces remain to be larger than those of H- and L-surfaces. The reason is caused by the unique factors of the coastal geology and morphology on the study area during the formation stage. And also the areal difference by the magnitude of upheaval doesn't exist from north to south because the altitude system of ancient shoreline on each coastal terrace is same along the east coast. The upheaval rate of the eastern coastal areas was measured in the relation to the ancient shoreline and formation stage among the coastal terraces such as HH JK-, HH I-, HH II, H I- and H II surface, and was almost same as 0.23mm/y.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.255-271
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• 2009

This study was examined interpretation of making techniques and provenance interpretation of raw materials for the potteries from the Nongseori site in Giheung based on archaeometric characteristics. The potteries are classified into three groups according to the archaeological age. The texture of Neolithic age potteries is sandy soil added a lot of temper such as talc and mica, and Bronze age potteries contain sandy materials which occur naturally include quartz, orthoclase, plagioclase and mica. On the other hand, Proto-three Kingdom Age potteries made of silty soil that sift out coarse minerals from the clay. But all pottery and soil samples in the study were very similar patterns with geochemical evolution trend. This result is sufficient evidence that all pottery samples were produced using the same raw materials from the host rocks around of the site area. The Neolithic age potteries had loose texture and fired probably about 700 to $760^{\circ}C$. The Bronze age potteries had experienced firing about 850 to $900^{\circ}C$. And Proto-three Kingdom Age potteries had compact textured and fired from 900 to $1,050^{\circ}C$. The making techniques of potteries are not represented discontinuation characteristics about the periodic time sequences, and are suggested that revealed a transitional change patterns for production techniques.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.455-469
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• 2007

The study area, Bonggil-ri, Gyeongju, SE Korea, is composed of Cretaceous sedimentary rocks, and Tertiary igneous rocks and dykes. A research on fracture developing history and density distribution was carried out on well exposed Tertiary granites. The fractures developed in this area have the following sequence; NW-SE trending duo-tile shear bands (set a), NNW-SSE trending extensional fractures (set d), WNW-ESE trending extensional or normal fractures (set b), NE-SW trending right-lateral fractures (set c), WNW-ESE trending reverse fault reactivated from normal faults (set e) and NW-SE trending left-lateral faults reactivated from shear bands (set a) under brittle condition. According to the result of fracture density analysis, the fracture density in this area depends on rock property rather than rock age, and also higher fracture density is observed around fault damage zones. However, this high fracture density may also be related to the cooling process associated with dyke intrusion as well as rock types and fault movement. Regardless of the reason of the high fracture density, high fracture density itself contributes to fluid flow and migration of chemical elements.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2008

The seismic interpretation was carried out to understand the evolution of the Sora and North Sora Sub-basins, South Sea of Korea. Both sub-basins belong to the Domi Basin, which is located in the northeastern margin of East China Sea Basin with Fukue Basin of Japan. Age assignment of each strata in this study was based on the data of boreholes and seismic interpretation in NW Japan. Four regional horizons were identified, and five geological units; Y(basement), Q(Eocene$\sim$Middle Oligocene), M(Middle Oligocene$\sim$Early Miocene), L(Early Miocene$\sim$Late Miocene) and D(Late Miocene$\sim$Present) groups in ascending order. Structural trends of the main boundary faults and the basin-fill sediment are different between the Sora and North Sora Sub-basins; i.e., trend of the main boundary-faults, dip of horizons, distribution of basin and development of growth fault. These results imply that the Sora Sub-basin would have opened earlier than the North Sora Sub-basin.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.23-30
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• 2008

This study implicated that the CBT-AK5 purified from Lactobacillus casei (LAFTI L26) which showed antitumor activity in ICR mice. Hence, ICR mice were inoculated intraperitoneally Sarcoma-180 as well as CBT-AK5. Then we observed the life span and tumor increment of those ICR mice. Here our studies showed effect on two different way of treatment as intraperitoneally and orally treated in Sarcoma-180 infected ICR mice. We found that intraperitoneally treatment of Sarcoma-180 and CBT-AK5 is more effective than orally fed. The life span of the ICR mice were highly reduced after the inoculation of Sarcoma-180. Those effects like increment of body weight, the growth of ascites and solid were inhibited significantly after the treatment of CBT-AK5 in Sarcoma-180 infected ICR mice. Finally these studies suggested that CBT-AK5 isolated form Lactobacillus casei showed excellent antitumor activity against Sarcoma-180 infected ICR mice.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.395-407
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• 2019

The duplex system has been considered as an important slip-transfer mechanism to evaluate the evolution of orogenic belts. Duplexes are generally found in the hinterland portion of fold-thrust belts and accommodate large amounts of total shortening. Thus, understanding its geometric and kinematic evolution can give information to evaluate the evolution of the entire orogenic belt. Duplexes are recognized as closed-loop thrust traces on map view, indicating higher connectivity than imbricate fans. As originally defined, a duplex is an array of thrust horses which are surrounded by thrust faults including the floor and roof thrusts, and imbricate faults between them. Duplexes can accommodate regional layer-parallel shortening and transfer slip from a floor thrust to a roof thrust. However, an imbricate fault is not the only mean for layer-parallel shortening (LPS) and displacement transfer within duplexes. LPS cleavages and detachment folds can also play the same role. From this aspect, a duplex can be divided into three types; 1) fault duplex, 2) cleavage duplex and 3) fold duplex. Fault duplex can further be subdivided into the Boyer-type duplex, which was firstly designed duplex system in the 1980s that widely applied most of the major fold-thrust belts in the world, and connecting splay duplex, which has different time order in the emplacement of horses from those of the Boyer-type. On the contrary, the cleavage and fold duplexes are newly defined types based on some selected examples. In the Korean Peninsula, the Yeongwol area, the western part of the Taebaeksan Zone of the Okcheon Belt, gives an excellent natural laboratory to study the structural geometry and kinematics of the closed-loops by thrust fault traces in terms of a duplex system. In the previous study, the Yeongwol thrust system was interpreted by alternative duplex models; a Boyer-type hinterland-dipping duplex vs. a combination of major imbricate thrusts and their connecting splays. Although the high angled beds and thrusts as well as different stratigraphic packages within the horses of the Yeongwol duplex system may prefer the later complicate model, currently, we cannot choose one simple answer between the models because of the lack of direct field evidence and time information. Therefore, further researches on the structural field investigations and geochronological analyses in the Yeongwol and adjacent areas should be carried out to test the possibility of applying the fold and cleavage duplex models to the Yeongwol thrust system, and it will eventually provide clues to solve the enigma of formation and its evolution of the Okcheon Belt.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2020

This study was carried out to compare the Snout-vent length (SVL) and the biomass for the endangered species II, narrow-mouthed toad (Kaloula borealis), at the three different latitude sites (Seoul, Nonsan, Busan) in Korea. For the narrow-mouthed toad study, pitfall traps and inducement traps were used to catch the species, and environmental factors (temperature, precipitation, humidity) were compared by region. As a result of this study, each of the male narrow-mouthed toads' SVL and biomass in Busan was 41.6±0.39mm, and 11.3±0.17g, which showed that it was the biggest and heaviest among the three regions. For Seoul and Nonsan, each of the SVL of the female narrow-mouthed toad was 36.6±2.03mm, 36.6±1.76mm, and the biomass was 8.1±0.55g, 8.2±0.91g, which showed that there was no significant difference between Seoul and Nonsan. Each of the female narrow-mouthed frogs' SVL and biomass in Busan was 44.7±0.35mm, 13.1±0.18g, which was also biggest but showed no significant difference in biomass by region. Concluding, this showed that the female narrow-mouthed toad in Busan is larger and heavier than those of other regions. We hope this study will be a standard for the future amphibian research with comparing the SVL and biomass for the endangered species II, narrow-mouthed toad. It is expected that if this kind of study keeps for long, it will be a basis for understanding changes in biomass of amphibian species due to climate change.