• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.96-107
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• 2003

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of tracheal suction and the effects of different methods of bronchodilator inhalation (Ultrasonic nebulizer: MDI puff, MDI puff with spacer) in VSD surgery patients. Material & Method: From June 2001 to March 2002, sixty consecutive patients were randomly assigned to a control group (n= 15), ultrasonic nebulizer group (n=15), metered dose inhalation (MDI) puff group (n=15) and MDI with spacer group (n=15). Vital signs (HR, BP, CVP), ABGA and pulmonary functions were measured before suction (baseline for suction), after suction, 15 minutes after suction (base of bronchodilator inhalation), 30 minutes after bronchodilator inhalation, and 2 hours after bronchodilator inhalation. Stastistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to examine the effects of tracheal suction. One way ANOVA with Bonferroni's correction and multiple range test (the least significant difference test) were used to examine the effects of albuterol inhalation. Result: 1. Heart .ate increased significantly immediately after suction (p<.01) and recovered 15 minutes after suction. 2. $PaO_2$ and PH decreased significantly immediately after suction (p<.05) and $PaO_2$ recovered 15 minutes after suction. $PaCO_2$ increased immediately after suction and significantly 15 minutes after suction (p<.01). But changes in vital signs and ABGA were within the normal range. 3. Tidal volume decreased significantly 15 minutes after suction (p<.05). 4. Changes of HR and tidal volume were greater in the nebuizer group compared to the other groups (p<.05) 30 minutes after bronchodilator inhalation and recovered 2 hours after bronchodilator inhalation. 5. Changes of airway deadspace was greater in the nebulizer group compared to the control group and MDI puff group 30 minutes after albuterol inhalation (p<.05) and at 2 hours (p<.01). Conclusion: Tracheal suction did not have significant effect on vital signs and pulmonary functions after OHS. Although the methods of bronchodilator inhalation did not showed any significant difference on pulmonary function, the nebulizer method increased $PaO_2$ (20%) and tidal volume transiently. If the patient needs bronchodilator inhalation with bronchospasm after OHS, the nebulizer method is the best choice. More study on the effects of bronchodilator inhalation in bronchospasm group is needed.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.781-784
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• 2007

Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a common accident in young children. Undiagnosed and retained foreign bodies may result in severe early and late complications such as asphyxia, pneumonia, atelectasis and bronchiectasis. Moreover, because it can mimic bronchiolitis, croup or asthma, an accurate history and a high index of suspicion are of paramount importance for early diagnosis. With our experience on bronchial FBA initially misdiagnosed as acute bronchiolitis, we emphasize that a minute radiological finding should not be neglected and a repeat chest radiograph may be helpful when the initial study shows normal findings. Multidetector computed tomography is a very useful noninvasive diagnostic modality for FBA.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1982.05a
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• pp.5.3-6
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• 1982

Foreign body in the air passage is not uncommon in the field of otolaryngology. The majority of bronchial foreign bodies can be removed by bronchoscopy, but some cases may require surgical procedure. Recently, we experienced an impacted foreign body (ball-pointed pen cap) in the left main bronchus with pneumothorax on the right side. Authors tried bronchoscopic removal under the general anesthesia but failed. Lateral thoracotomy was performed by chest surgeon and foreign body was successfully removed.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.258-258
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• 1997

전체 성대 마비 환자의 약 10%에서 발생하는 것으로 알려진 양측 성대 마비는 안정 혹은 경미한 운동시에도 호흡 장애를 초래하는 경우라면 이에 대한 치료가 요구되는 질환이다. 이에 대한 치료 방법으로는 성문 기도를 넓히면서 흡인이 되지 않고 음성장애를 일으키지 않는데 목적을 두고 피열연골 고정술, 피열연골 절제술, CO2, 레저 피열연골 절제술, 성대 측방 고정술, 후성대 절제술, 점막하 성대 절제술, 근-신경식술 등 다양한 방법이 사용되어져 왔다. (중략)

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2018

Prosthetic restorations through implants were popularized, and they became routine treatments. Small accessories used in the implant prosthodontic procedure are more likely to slip or fall off the dentist's hands. If the dental appliance or material passes into the upper gastrointestinal tract, there is a high possibility of excretion to the outside of the body without complications, but serious complications may occur depending on the type of foreign body. If the foreign body is passed to the airway, it is an emergency situation, and if it is not done properly, it can be fatal. The purpose of this review report is to investigate the process of foreign body ingestion or aspiration during dental treatment, and the method of prevention and treatment.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.110-110
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• 2003

후두기관외상은 두경부 부위의 다른 외상에 비해 흔하지 않은데, 이는 연골의 유연성과 후두의 가동성, 후두가 하악과 흉골사이에 위치하여 외상시 보호 받게 되는 해부학적 특성에 기인한다. 그러나, 후두는 호흡과 발성에 중요한 기관으로 조기 진단과 정확한 평가, 적절한 치료를 못할 경우 생명을 위협 할 수 있고 삶의 질에 지대한 영향을 줄 수 있다. 이에 저자들은 급성 후두기관손상으로 수술적 치료를 받은 환자를 대상으로 손상 기전 및 임상 양상, 손상부위, 손상 정도 치료 등을 알아보고 향후 치료에 도움을 얻고자 하였다. 1996년부터 2003년까지 급성 후두기관 손상으로 수술적 치료를 받은 10명을 대상으로 후향적으로 조사를 하였다. 손상정도는 Schaefer의 분류를 따랐으며 술후 결과는 발성과 기도유지로 평가하였다. 발성의 경우 수상전과 동일하거나 유사할 경우 성공(good)으로, 수상전과는 다르지만 기능을 하는 경우는 양호(fair)로, 거의 음성이 나지 않거나 알아들을 수 없는 경우 불량(poor)로 분류하였고, 기도유지는 수상전과 동일하거나 유사할 경우 성공(good)으로, 경한 흡인이나 운동 유발성 호흡곤란이 있는 경우(fair)로 발관이 되지 않는 경우를 불량(poor)으로 분류하였다. 남녀 성비는 8대 2였고 30～40대가 4명으로 가장 많았다. 손상의 원인은 둔상인 경우(4예) 교통사고가 2례, cloth line 손상 2례, 관통상(6례)는 모두 칼에 의한 좌상이었다 증상은 피하기종이 9례, 애성이 7례, 호흡 곤란이 6례로 많았으며 손상부위는 갑상연골 골절이 5례(50％), 기도손상과 갑상선 손상이 각각 4례에서 관찰되었다. 그 외에도 윤상 연골 골절과 윤상갑상막 손상 등이 관찰되었다. 또한 점막 손상이 7례에서 관찰되었다. 성대마비는 내원시 4례에서 관찰되었다 치료는 수상 후 조기수술을 시행하였고 수상 부위를 개방하여 손상된 연조직을 일차 봉합하거나, 골절을 정복 고정하였고 3례에서 스텐트를 삽입하였다. 술후 기도유지는 모두 성공적이었고 발성기능은 6례에서 성공(good)적이었고 4례에서 양호(fair)의 결과를 보였다. 양호의 결과를 보인 모든 예가 내원시 성대 움직임의 마비나 저하를 보인 예였다. 급성 후두기관손상환자에서 조기 진단과 적절한 수술적 치료는 환자의 생명을 유지시키고 술후 발성 지능의 보존에 양호한 결과를 보였다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare effects of open and closed suctioning methods on lung dynamics (dynamic compliance, tidal volume, and airway resistance) and hypoxemia (oxygen saturation and heart rate) in mechanically ventilated patients. Methods: This study was a cross-over repeated design. Participants were 21 adult patients being treated with endotracheal intubation using a pressure-controlled ventilator below Fraction of Inspired Oxygen ($FiO_2$) 60% and PEEP $8cmH_2O$. Data were collected at baseline and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 minutes after suctioning. Data were analyzed using two-factor ANOVA with repeated measures on time and suctioning type. Results: Effects of the interaction between suction type and time were significant for oxygen saturation and heart rate but not significant for dynamic compliance, tidal volume, or airway resistance. Prior to performance of suctioning, tidal volume and oxygen saturation were significantly lower, but airway pressure and heart rate were significantly higher using the closed suctioning method as compared with the open suctioning method. Conclusion: For patients on ventilator therapy below $FiO_2$ 60% and PEEP $8cmH_2O$, open suctioning performed after delivery of 100% $FiO_2$ using a mechanical ventilator may not have as much negative impact on lung dynamics and hypoxemia as closed suctioning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2018

Postoperative airway aspiration is not uncommon in patients with head and neck cancer. Airway aspiration has serious consequences, such as swallowing disorders, nutrition-related health problem, or reducing the quality of life due to maintenance of tracheal or nasogastric tubes. The postoperative oropharyngeal defect due to the surgery may interfere with normal swallowing reflex, or the laryngeal dysfunction caused by radiation therapy may cause severe airway aspiration, which may lead to complications such as dyspnea and pneumonia. Complete removal of the disease is also important in the treatment of head and neck cancer, but it is necessary to select a method to avoid and predict the occurrence of airway aspiration according to the treatment method. The most important factor to prevent airway aspiration after surgery is to preserve the proper volume of the oropharynx and to preserve at least one of the cricoarytenoid joint function. It is also the most effective way to reduce additional complications by seeking appropriate surgical treatment according to airway aspiration status. The purpose of this study is to review the operative methods that can induce airway aspiration and consider the prevention and treatment strategy through review of the literature.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.245-254
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• 1998

Prematurity is the main cause for respiratory disorders in neonates. The goal in respiratory management is to maintain respiration with adequate oxygenation. Chest vibration(CV) prior to on dotracheal suctioning(ETS) has been arbitrarily applied to ventilated premature infants without the scientific evaluation of its safety and efficacy. A repeated measure within subjects experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of CV prior to 875 on oxygenation and lung secretions in twenty-one ventilated premature infants. The independent variable was the type of research protocol, the control type (275 without C.V) and t he intervention(ETS with CV). The dependent variables were oxygen saturation(SpO₂), heart rate (HR), measured by pulse oximeter, and the amount of lung secretions measured in gram. The results showed there was no difference in SpO₂ responses regardless CV employed before ETS. But there was a significant difference in HR responses between the control and the intervention, even without clinical significance. There was a significant difference in the amount of lung secretions retrieved during ETS with CV, compared to ETS without CV. This study suggested the safety of CV by demonstrating no clinically significant changes in SpO₂ and HR in premature infants. The efficacy of CV could be supported by the increases in the amount of sputum during ETS with CV compared to ETS without CV in premature infants.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.8-10
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• 2023

삼킴장애는 음식물이 입에서 식도로 가지않고 걸리거나 기도(Trachea)로 흡입되는 문제를 갖는 상태이다. 특히 노인이나 신경계 질환을 앓는 환자의 경우 기도로 흡입된 음식덩이가 폐렴을 일으키고 결국에는 사망으로 이어지기에 적절한 치료와 관리가 요구된다. 보통 영상으로 판단할 수 있는 삼킴단계는 구강준비단계(Oral Preparatory Phase), 구강단계(Oral Phase), 인두단계(Pharyngeal Phase), 식도단계(Esophageal Phase) 4가지로 분류하고 삼킴장애는 침습(Penetration)과 흡인(Aspiration)으로 크게 2가지로 분류한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 6가지 클래스를 가지는 삼킴장애 환자 비디오 파일을 라벨링하기 위한 웹 애플리케이션을 제안한다. 이를 구현하기 위해서 대용량 멀티프레임 이미지를 수신해서 분리하여 저장하도록 개발하였다. 또한 음식덩이를 정교하게 분할할 수 있도록 GrabCut 알고리즘을 적용하여 라벨링할 수 있도록 하였다. 차후 라벨러와 전문의 간의 협업이 가능하도록 라벨링 데이터의 상태를 관리할 수 있도록 개발하고자 한다.