• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.400-404
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• 2008

A 10-year-old intact female Yorkshire terrier dog (weighing 3 kg) was referred with the primary complaint of severe dyspnea, cyanosis and occasional syncopal episode. Physical examination revealed irregularly irregular bradycardia with persistent pulse deficits. The 12-lead surface ECG showed high grade atrioventricular blocks. Thoracic radiography revealed severe intrathoracic collapse. The dog was successfully treated with an intraluminal self-expanding stent ($COOK^{(R)}$) under the aid of transcutaneous cardiac pacing.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.148-152
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• 2007

The prototype of color fitters for the liquid crystal displays (LCD) using cholesteric liquid crystal monomers was produced. Cholesteric liquid crystal is characterized by the unique optical features of selective reflection, which is due to the helical twisting structures of LCs comparable to the wavelength of the incident light under certain conditions of substrate treatment. In the results of the experiment, cholesteric films for red, green, and blue light reflections respectively were produced and the viewing angle dependence of these films were investigated. Reflective light of red and green films shifted to shorter wavelength regions as viewing angle becomes greater, but blue one shifted very little. Periodic micrometer-sized half-spherical photoresist formed by thermal reflow method after photo-lithography was patterned on glass substrates. The viewing angle dependence of reflective light colors of red, green, and blue films on the patterned substrates compared with those on no patterned substrates was investigated. We could confirm the dependences were much smaller on the patterned substrates by bare eyes and Lab-color coordination methods qualitatively.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.239-248
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• 2004

This experiment was carried out to confirm that phytochrome regulates anthocyanin bio-synthesis during cell suspension culture system of grape or not. In suspension culture of grape, maximum accumulation of anthocyanin was observed at the stationary phase under continuous white light condition. From mono-chromatic light interruption for 24h at the 4th or 7th day on the suspension cultured cells, the anthocyanin accumulation was highly enhanced at the light interruption at 7th day than 4th day under all monochromatic light treatment. However, the cell growth patterns were not affected by any light treatment. In the darkness, the anthocyanin synthesis was very low but remarkably increased by blue light or red light irradiation. However, the increase of anthocyanin accumulation by blue or red light was suppressed by far-red light in the suspension cells of grape. This suppression by far-red light on the anthocyanin synthesis also observed on the cells treated red or far-red light alternatively. These results implied that phytochrome regulation system may be involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis of the suspension grape cells. By RNA expression analysis, chalcone synthase (CHS) gene was expressed highly by blue and red light but low by far-red light. The synergistic increase of CHS gene expression was also observed at the treatment of blue light followed by red for 24h. This result may explain the increase of anthocyanin accumulation in B/R treatment. Although the expression of phytochrome gene (PHYA or PHYB) was not highly increased by all light treatment (blue, red, and far-red light) the expression of both PHYA gene and PHYB gene was increased a little in cells treated red or far-red light. In grape suspension cells, the red light enhanced the anthocyanin synthesis, whereas the far-red light was suppressed. Although it was not confirmed whether or not phytochrome gene is activated in anthocyanin accumulating grape cells, we believed that anthocyanin biosynthesis in grape cells may be regulated under phytochrome signal transduction system.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.890-893
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• 2002

Ebsteins anomaly is a rare congenital cardiac malformation that is the downward displacement of the septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve into the ventricular apex, aresulting in the formation of an atrialized portion of the right ventricle. In most patients, symptoms such as cyanosis and progressive heart failure occur during the adolescence or young adulthood. The associated anomalies include ventricular septal defect, transposition of the great arteries, and malformation of the mitral valve. An 8-months-old male with Ebsteins anomaly, ventricular septal defect, and duplication of the mitral valve orifice successfully underwent operation with VSD patch closure. Postoperatively, cardiac size was significantly reduced and tricuspid regurgitation was trivial in echocardiography He has been doing well without any cardiac medication during the 18 months follow up after operation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.591-597
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine optimum conditions for the cultivation of Chlorella sp. FC-21 using light emitting diodes (LEDs). Specific growth rate and cell concentration were measured for the reactors at the illuminations of different wavelengths of LEDs. Among various types of LEDs, red LEDs were the most effective light source, and also greatest increases of specific growth rate and cell concentrations were obtained when light intensity of red LEDs increased. The specific growth rate decreased when initial cell concentration increased due to the shading effect of each cell in the reactor. To determine beneficial effect of aeration to cell cultivation, micro-air bubbles were aerated at 0.35 vvm in the reactor at the illumination of red LEDs. Two and ten times greater specific growth rate and cell concentration were obtained when aeration was applied. From this study, we found that red LEDs with aeration were the most appropriate light source for the cultivation of Chlorella sp. FC-21.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.383-398
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• 2009

We have investigated chemical properties of the pigments and carried out the deterioration diagnosis using nondestructive techniques of the wall painting in Yaksajeon Hall of Gwanyongsa Temple. As the results of pigments analysis, it was unusual that the cobalt was detected in the blue and green colors used to traditional paint background. According to the deterioration diagnosis, ultrasonic measurement and infrared thermography, dominant cracks and exfoliation caused by high content of moisture. Therefore, it should be devised effective plan to prevent penetration of water for the long term this wall painting.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.253-256
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• 2006

The blue emitting OLEDs using GDI host-dopant phosphors have been fabricated and characterized. In the device fabrication, 2-TNATA [4,4',4'-tris(2-naphthylphenyl-phenylamino)- triphenylamine] as a hole injection material and NPB [N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine] as a hole transport material were deposited on the ITO(indium thin oxide)/glass substrate by vacuum evaporation. And then, blue color emission layer was deposited using GDI602 as a host material and GDI691 as a dopant. Finally, small molecule OLEDs with structure of ITO/2-TNATA/NPB/GDI602:GDI691/Alq3/LiF/Al were obtained by in-situ deposition of Alq3, LiF and Al as the electron transport material, electron injection material and cathode, respectively. Blue OLEDs fabricated in our experiments showed the color coordinate of CIE(0.14, 0.16) and the maximum power efficiency of 1.1 lm/W at 11 V with the peak emission wavelength of 464 nm.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.426-431
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• 2006

Novel azacrown ether containing blue -light emitting anthracene fluorophore, 9,10-bis [p-(1-aza-18-crown-6)methylphenyl] anthracene (3) and N,N-bis [9-(p-methylphenyl) anthracenyl-methyl] -1,6-diaza-18-crown-6 (4) were prepared by reacting anthracene derivatives 1 and 2 with mono- and diaza-18-crown-6, respectively Also, crown ether containing fluorophore copolymer (5) were prepared by reacting 1,6-diaza-18-crown-6 with 1. Their fluorescence emission spectral studies were investigated by binding group I, group II and various metal cations. The fluorophores showed an absorption at ${\lambda}_{max}$= 372 nm and an emission at ${\lambda}_{max}$= 430 nm. pH Dependency of fluorescence emission intensity were examined to determine the optimum pH for the fluorophores.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.6 no.2 s.19
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• pp.11-14
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• 2007

For the fabrication of blue color organic light emitting diodes(OLED) with a high performance, 2-TNATA [4,4',4"-tris (2-naphthylphenyl-phenylamino)-triphenylamine] as hole injection material and NPB [N,N'-bis (1-naphthyl) -N,N'-diphenyl-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine] as hole transport material were deposited on the ITO (indium tin oxide)/glass substrate by the vacuum thermal evaporation. After then, blue color emission layer was deposited using TPM-BiP[(4'-Benzoylferphenyl-4-yl)phenyl-methanone-Diethyl(biphenyl-4-ymethyl)phosphonate] and GDI602 as a light emitting organic material. Finally, the two kinds of OLEDs with the structure of $ITO/2-TNATA/NPB/TPM-BiP/Alq_3/LiF/Al and ITO/2-TNATA/NPB/GDI602/Alq_3/LiF/Al$ were prepared by in-situ deposition. The maximum current density and luminance were found to be about $588\;mA/cm^2\;and\;5239\;cd/m^2$ at 12V for the OLED sample with the structure of $ITO/2-TNATA/NPB/TPM-BiP/Alq_3/LiF/Al$. Color coordinate of blue OLED was x=0.18, y=0.18 (at llV) and the maximum current efficiency was 2.82 cd/A (at 6V) with the peak emission wavelength of 440 nm.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.6 no.2 s.19
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• pp.19-23
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• 2007

The blue emitting OLEDs using TMP-BiP[(4'-Benzoylferphenyl-4-yl)phenyl-methanone-Diethyl(biphenyl-4-ymethyl) phosphonate] host and DJNBD-1 dopant have been fabricated and characterized. In the device fabrication, 2-TNATA [4,4',4"-tris(2-naphthylphenyl-phenylamino)-triphenylamine] as a hole injection material and NPB [N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)N,N'-diphenyl-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine] as a hole transport material were deposited on the ITO(indium tin oxide)/glass substrate by vacuum thermal evaporation method. Followed by the deposition, blue color emission layer was deposited using TMP-BiP as a host material and DJNBD-1 as a dopant. Finally, small molecule OLEDs with structure of $ITO/2-TNATA/NPB/TMP-BiP:DJNBD-l/Alq_3/LiF/Al$ were obtained by in-situ deposition of $Alq_3$, LiF and Al as the electron transport material, electron injection material and cathode, respectively. The effect of dopant into host material of the blue OLEDs was studied. The blue OLEDs with DJNBD-1 dopant showed that the maximum current and luminance were found to be about 34 mA and $8110\;cd/m^2$ at 11 V, respectively. In addition, the color coordinate was x=0.17, y=0.17 in CIE color chart, and the peak emission wavelength was 440 nm. The maximum current efficiency of 2.15 cd/A at 7 V was obtained in this experiment.