• 기계와재료
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.80-93
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• 2012

본 연구는 5,000PS급 선박용 SCR 촉매시스템에 관한 내부 유동특성을 전산유체역학(CFD)을 통해 예측하고 설계에 반영하기 위한 기초를 확보하기 위함이다. 따라서 SCR 촉매반응기 내부 유동특성을 수치해석하기 위한 기법을 소개하였고, 촉매 Cell에 대한 수학적 모델링을 제시한 후 SCR 촉매시스템에서 NOx를 환원시켜 주는 촉매담체에 대한 압력강하를 실험과 수치해석을 통해 비교하였다. 그 결과 수치해석 결과가 실험에 매우 근접함을 확인할 수 있었다. SCR 촉매반응기에 대한 유동특성을 수치해석을 수행하여 각 지점에 대한 압력과 속도분포를 확인하였다. 또한 촉매 담체로 배기가스가 유입되는 입구부의 유동균일도를 예측하기 위해 Inlet pipe의 $90^{\circ}$ 각도에서 유입길이를 변화시켜 수치해석을 수행하였다. 그 결과 각도와 길이에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.665-668
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• 2008

티타늄 함유 제올라이트 촉매 Ti-MCM-22를 이용하여 과산화수소를 산화제로 한 프로필렌 에폭시화반응을 수행하였으며, 반응 온도와 압력, 촉매량, 한계 반응물인 과산화수소의 농도, 산화프로필렌의 첨가, 용매 및 촉매 재생 효과를 조사하였다. Acetonitrile 용매 하에서 반응 실험을 수행한 결과, 99% 이상의 $H_2O_2$ 전화율과 100%에 근접하는 산화프로필렌 선택도를 보였다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2009

과산화수소 단일추진제 추력기의 응답성에 대한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 촉매베드의 특성을 배제하고 추력기 설계 인자에 따른 응답특성을 살펴보기 위해 $MnO_2$/$Al_2O_3$를 주 촉매로 고정하였다. 세 가지 50 N 급 추력기를 이용하여 인젝터 방식, ullage volume, 촉매 펠렛 크기, 반응기 부피에 따른 응답 속도를 측정하였다. 측정 결과 16-20 mesh 크기 촉매, shower head 인젝터를 사용한 경우 점화지연, 압력 상승 및 하강시간은 각각 14, 108, 94 ms로 상용 하이드라진 추력기 응답성에 근접한 특성을 보였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2004

The engine-out flow is highly transient and hot, and may place tremendous thermal and inertial loads on a closed-coupled catalyst. Therefore, time-dependent and detailed flow and thermal field simulation may be crucial. The aim of this study is to develop combined chemical reaction and multi-dimensional fluid dynamic mathematical model and to study the effect of unsteady pulsating thermal and flow characteristics on thermal reliability of closed-coupled catalyst. The effect of cell density on the conversion performance under real running condition is also investigated. Unlike previous studies, the present study focuses on coupling between the problems of pulsating flow pattern and catalyst thermal response and conversion efficiency. The results are expressed in terms of temporal evolution of flow, pollutant and temperature distribution as well as transient characteristics of conversion efficiency. Fundamental understanding of the flow and thermal phenomena of closed-coupled catalyst under real running condition is presented. It is shown that instants of significantly low values of flow uniformity and conversion efficiency exist during exhaust blowdown and the temporal varaition of flow uniformity is very similar in pattern to one of conversion efficiency. It is also found that the location of hot spot in monolith is directly affected by transient flow pattern in closed-coupled catalyst.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.533-539
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• 2001

In this study, results from an experimental and numerical study of flow distribution in a close-coupled catalytic converter (CCC) are presented. The experiments were carried out using a glow measurement system. Flow distribution at the exit of the first monolith in the CCC was measured using a pitot tube under steady and transient flow conditions. Numerical analysis was done using a CF D code at the same test conditions, and the results were compared with the experimental results. Experimental results showed that the uniformity index of exhaust gas velocity decreases as Reynolds number increases. Under the steady flow conditions, flow through each exhaust pipe concentrates on a small region of the monolith. Under the transient flow conditions, flow through each exhaust pipe with the engine firing order interacts with each other to spread the flow over the monolith face. The numerical analysis results support the experimental results, and help explain the flow pattern in the entry region of the CCC.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.189-193
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• 2008

본 연구는 zinc aluminate 촉매를 사용한 고압연속식 고정층 반응시스템에서의 대두유와 메탄올의 transesterification에 관한 것이다. 바이오디젤 제조를 위한 고압 연속식 고정층 촉매 반응에서 반응 조건이 메틸에스터 생성에 미치는 영향이 주로 조사되었다. 촉매가 없는 경우, 거의 모든 반응 조건에서 메틸에스터의 수율이 4.5% 이하로 매우 낮았지만, $300^{\circ}C$, 1,200 psi 조건에서는 19%의 메틸에스터 수율을 보여 주었다. 이는 반응 조건이 메탄올의 초임계점에 근접하였기 때문으로 보인다. 촉매 반응에서는 무촉매 반응과 비교하여 비교적 낮은 온도와 압력에서도 높은 메틸에스터 수율을 보여주었다. 또한 수율에 미치는 반응 조건의 영향을 살펴본 결과, 반응온도, 압력, 반응물에서 메탄올 몰비가 높을수록 높은 메틸에스터 수율을 보여주었다. 반응 변수 중에서도 반응온도가 메틸에스터 수율에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집(Proceeding of the KOSME 2000 Spring Annual Meeting)
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• pp.52-59
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• 2000

Experimental studies were performed to improve the THC emission characteristics by optimizing the flow in the exhaust manifold and CCC in a SI engine. For this purpose the flow characteristics in the exhaust manifold and CCC were measured by using LDV technique under various engine conditions, Referring to these data a new type exhaust manifold was designed to improve the cold-start emission characteristics and the response characteristics of {{{{ OMICRON _2}}}} sensor by optimizing the flow pattern and reducing the thermal inertia of the exhaust manifold system. It was found through the vehicle emission tests that the emission characteristics of THC of the new type exhaust manifold was improved by 12% through the optimizing the flow pattern in the exhaust manifold.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2000

Experimental studies were performed to understand the flow characteristics in the exhaust system and improve the THC emission characteristics by optimizing the flow in the exhaust manifold and CCC in a SI engine. For this purpose, the flow characteristics in the exhaust systems with two types of exhaust manifolds(STD and New Type) were measured by using LDV technique under various engine condition. It was found that the flow characteristics in the New Type exhaust manifold was more desirable in a view point of heat loss reduction from the exhaust gases. The vehicle emission tests showed that the THC emission in the New Type exhaust manifold was decreased by 12%.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2004

Close-coupled catalyst (CCC) can reduce the engine cold-start emissions by utilizing the energy in the exhaust gas. However, in case the engine is operated at high engine speed and load condition, the catalytic converter may be damaged and eventually deactivated by thermal aging. Excess fuel is sometimes supplied intentionally to lower the exhaust gas temperature avoiding the thermal aging. This sacrifices the fuel economy and exhaust emissions. This paper describes the results of an exhaust heat exchanger to lower the exhaust gas temperature mainly under high load conditions. The heat exchanger was installed between the exhaust manifold and the inlet of close-coupled catalytic converter. The exhaust heat exchanger successfully decreased the exhaust gas temperature, which eliminated the requirement of fuel enrichment under high load conditions. However, the cooling of the exhaust gas through the heat exchanger may cause the deterioration of exhaust emissions at cold start due to the increment of catalyst light-off time.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.335-340
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• 2000

Most vehicle's exhaust emissions come from the cold transient period of the FTP-75 test. In this study, UEGI technology was developed to help close-coupled catalytic converter (CCC) reach light-off temperature within a few seconds after cold-start. In the UEGI system, unburned exhaust mixture is ignited by four glow plugs installed upstream of the catalyst. Experimental results showed that the temperature of CCC rises faster with the UEGI technology, and the CCC reaches light-off temperature earlier. Under the conditions tested, the light-off time of the baseline case was 62 seconds and that of the UEGI case was 33 seconds.