• Archives of design research
• /
• v.19 no.5 s.67
• /
• pp.119-128
• /
• 2006

The scale of visual expression has expanded from freeze frame to motion picture as media have developed. Moving pictures such as animation, movies, TV CM and GUI become formative elements whose movement is necessary compared to freeze frame as apparent movement phenomenon and unit structure such as short and scene appear. Therefore, of formative elements such as a shape, color, space, size and movement, movement is importantly distinguished in the moving image. The expression and form of image as a relationship between the signified and signifier explained by Saussure are accepted as a sign by mutual complement even though they limit the content. This makes it possible to infer that the formal feature of movement participates in the message content. To verify this, the result of moving picture visual perception experiment based on the gestalt grouping principle result shows that 70-80 percent of subjects think that 'movement' is the important grouping clue in perception. Movement affects the maintenance of the context of message content in the communication process when the meaning structure of moving picture is analyzed based on the structural feature. The identity can be maintained with if there is a movement with similar directive point even if the color and shape of people, things and background are changed. Second, the clarity of the content is elevated by a distinguished object as a figure by movement. Third, it acts as a knowledge representation which can predict similar movement process of next information processing. Forth, movement gives the content consistency even though more than two scenes have fast switch and complicated editing structure like cross-cutting. Movement becomes a clue which can make grouping information input by visual perception reaction. Also, it gives the order to the visual expression which can be used improperly by formation of structural frame of image message and has the effectiveness which elevates the clarity of signification. Moving picture has discourse with several mixed unit structures because it fundamentally contains time and the common and distinguished expression is needed by media-mix circumstances. Therefore, by the application of gestalt grouping principle to moving picture field, movement becomes the more distinguished than other formative elements and affects the formation of meaning structure. This study propose a viewpoint that develops structural formative beauty and new image expression in the media image field.

• The tire
• /
• s.111
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 1984

본자료는 미국 타이어업계 전문지인 「Modern Tire Dealer」의 기자와 경제분석가인 Reginald Duquesnoy와의 인터뷰에서 나타난 세계타이어산업에 대한 시장개관으로서, "Modern Tire Dealer"(84년 1월 호)에 특집으로 게재된 것이다. 특히 동 분석가에 의하면, 일본 타이어 메이커 중에서 재벌 그룹에 속하지 않는 타이어회사들이 미국시장에 침투하는데에는 상당한 위험이 따르게 될 것이라고 하면서, 미국시장에서의 해외 타이어 기업들의 어려움을 지적하였다.(편집자주)

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.365-383
• /
• 2004

Granitic rocks in the southeastern Gyeongsang Basin can be classified into three groups. The group I contains various mafic microgranular enclave (MME) and/or mafic clot which implies magma mixing or mingling. The group II show the feature of shallow depth emplacement at low pressure, and the group III is characterized by A-type granite implying extensional tectonic environment. Mineralogical characteristics of the granitic rocks have showed systematic variations in perthite exsolution temperatures and biotite compositions according to their rock facies, although they do not show any distinctively different trend in geography and textures or rock facies. Amphiboles from Group I are calcic-amphibole and they were formed at 0.4 ～ 2.8 kb in pressure based on the amphibole geobarometry. Amphiboles from group ill are riebeckite, whileas amphiboles were not observed in Group II. The chemical composition of biotite defined in clusters showing a continuous spectrum between group I to ferric-annite of group ill. The composition of plagioclase generally plotted in albite, oligoclase, and andesine area without any distinctive differences among their geography or rock facies. The exsolution temperatures by perthite geothermometry are calculated as $300～400^{\circ}C$ in Group I, and 500～$600^{\circ}C$ in equigranular granite of group II and alkali-feldspar granite of group III.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.97-101
• /
• 1994

Fifteen strains of the nitrogen fixer Axospirillum were isolated from the rhizosphere of rice collected from Kyonggi-do and Chungcheongnam in Korea. They had strong acetylene-reducing activity of 400 of 900 nmol $C_2H_4$ per hour vial had a similar morphology in succinate-malate medium: vibrioid cells having a diameter of 1.0 ${\mu}m$ and a monopolar single flagellum in liquid media. According to their physiological and morphological characteristics, they were divided into two distinct groups, group I and group II. Group I strain were, unlike group II, distinguished by their ability to use glucose as a sole carbon source in nitrogen-free medium, requirement for biotin, and formation of wider, longer, and S-shaped cells in semisolid nitrogen-free malate medium. On the basis of their characteristics, strains belonging to group I were identified as Azospirillum lipoferum, while those belonging to group II were identified as Azospirillum brasilense.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.12-18
• /
• 2017

Objectives : Psychiatric staffs may experience excessive work stress, burnout, and reduced job satisfaction in clinical settings. This can increase chances of diminishing their overall working efficiency or having difficulty managing their own mental health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy(MBCT) on job stress, burnout, self-efficacy, resilience, and job satisfaction. Methods : Twenty eight psychiatric staffs who agreed to participate in the study were included. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure job stress, burnout, resilience, self-efficacy, and job satisfaction. To examine the effects of group MBCT, the scores were compared before and after MBCT. Results : Work stress and burnout scale scores were significantly decreased after group MBCT. Resilience, job satisfaction, and self-efficacy scale scores were significantly increased after group MBCT. Conclusions : In the current study, group MBCT for psychiatric staffs helped to reduce their work stress and burnout, and, as well, helped to improve resilience, self-efficacy, and job satisfaction. This suggests that, in mental health treatment settings, psychiatric staffs can improve their mental health through group MBCT. Improving mental health of psychiatric staff may also have a positive impact on their patients.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.12
• /
• pp.643-650
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to research the effect of walking exercise with acaiberry ingestion for 8 weeks on inflammatory markers of middle age women. The participators were aging from 40 to 50 aging healthy women. The first group is classified to ingest acaiberry(AB), the second group is classified to walking exercise with acaiberry ingestion(WE+AB), and third group is classified to just walking exercise(WE). The program was doing walking exercise 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Acaiberry ingestion is after walking exercise for 8 weeks. The amount of the acaiberry is 5g acaiberry dilutes with 100mg water to inhale before breakfast and dinner to monitor CRP of each group before ingest acaiberry and 8 weeks later how to change CRP and cardiovascular disease. Consequently, all of three groups such as: acaiberry ingestion group, walking exercise with acaiberry ingestion group, and just walking exercise group, has positive effect with WBC(white blood cell), Albumin, ESR(erythrocyte sedimentation rate), CRP(C-reactive protein), but Albumin increases very small amount of gaze. Therefore, this study has no longer period time for research, and in the future there should be more concrete and various studies, such as adding more exercise of method, intensity, and measure of ingestion for supporting this study.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.39-53
• /
• 2015

Analysis of multi-channel seismic reflection profiles acquired from the southwestern margin of Ulleung Basin reveals that the cut and fill structures, which show U-shaped or V-shaped morphology, occur on variable size. The cut and fill structure mostly consists of fine-grained sediments on the well data and is characterized by transparent or semitransparent seismic facies on the seismic section. Such cut and fill structures dominantly occur in the syn-compressional megasequence (MSQ3), which was deposited during basin deformation of late Miocene, among the four megasequences of the study area. These cut and fill structures can be divided into three groups based on their size and formation time. The cut and fill structures of Group I were formed when Dolgorae structure was active, and occurred on a small scale. The cut and fill structures of group II were formed when both Dolgorae structure and Gorae V structure were active, and the number and size of those increased compared with group I. The cut and fill structures of group III were formed when Dolgorae structure was weaken gradually but Gorae V structure kept active, and the number and size of those decreased in comparison with group II. Consequently the cut and fill structures in the southwestern margin of Ulleung basin are interpreted as submarine canyon based on spatial distribution, size and fill sediment. They were controlled by the tectonic movement in response to basin closure and tectonic-induced sediment supply variation.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.409-416
• /
• 2014

Most human bones of Joseon Dynasty period are so good condition that we can do research in physical anthropology, genetics and chemistry with them. In this study, we analyzed DNA typing using 6 human bones of Joseon dynasty period excavated at Janggi-dong, Gimpo. The DNA typing was mitochondrial DNA haplotype, Y-chromosome haplotype and sex determination. Prior to DNA analysis, we distinguished histological index of 6 human bones. As the result of mitochondrial DNA analysis, most of bones were confirmed as haplogroup G, R11, M7, A5, etc. As the result of sex determination, 4 human bones were female and 2 human bones were male. The male haplogroup was confirmed as haplogroup O by the single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of Y chromosome. For extensive ancient human bone analysis, researchers need to apply a histological index to select ancient human bones and explain a relationship among ancient human bones with various analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.768-779
• /
• 2018

In this paper, we propose a novel video quality function for video processing based on MSSSIM to select an appropriate video processing filter and to accommodate multiple processing filters to each pixel block in a picture frame by a mathematical selection law so as to maintain video quality and to reduce the bitrate of compressed video. In viewpoint of video compression, since the properties of video quality and bitrate is different for each picture of video frames and for each areas in the same frame, it is difficult for the video filter with single property to satisfy the object of increasing video quality and decreasing bitrate. Consequently, to maintain the subjective video quality in spite of decreasing bitrate, we propose the methodology about the MSSSIM as the measure of subjective video quality, the KL-Divergence as the measure of bitrate, and the combination method of those two measurements. Moreover, using the proposed combinatorial measurement, when we use the multiple image filters with mutually different properties as a pre-processing filter for video, we can verify that it is possible to compress video with maintaining the video quality under decreasing the bitrate, as possible.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.140-150
• /
• 2022

This paper focuses on introducing the concept of the multi-scale study on the Ulleungdo-Dokdo Volcanic Group in the East Sea and recent new findings from it. Multi-channel seismic reflection data reveals that the major volcanic activities of the Ulleungdo-Dokdo Volcanic Group took place between 5 and 2.5 Ma, which were propagated from Isabu Tablemount on the eastern end to the Ulleung Island on the western end. The terrestrial Ulleung Island was built via 5 stages, which eventually formed a 3 km-wide caldera, named Nari Caldera, and a volcanic dome, named Albong, within the caldera. The Albong and the unit N-1, the earliest phreatomagmatic explosive phase of the Albong volcano, were generated from a new magma injected into the existing phonolitic body. The generally trachyandesitic bulk rock composition of the pumice in unit N-1 and Albong is attributed to the contamination of the new magma by mafic cumulates at the base of the existing phonolitic chamber. The lines of evidence of a new magma injection point toward that Ulleung Island is an active volcano with a live subvolcanic magma plumbing system.