• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.699-707
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• 2003

RBAC is accepted as a more advanced control method than existing DAC and MAC. Studies on the permission-role part of RBAC model are relatively insufficient compared with those on the user-role part, and researches on symmetric RBAC models to overcome this is also in an incipient stage. Therefore there is much difficulty in assigning permissions suitable for roles. This paper proposes an symmetric RBAC model that supplements the constraints on permission assignment set forth by previous studies. The proposed symmetric RBAC model reflects the conflicts of interests between roles and the sharing and integration of permissions on the assignment of permissions by presenting the constraints on permission assignment that take the separation of duties and role hierarchies into consideration. In addition, by expressing constraints prescribing prerequisite relations between dynamic permissions through AND/OR graphs, it is possible to effectively limit the complicated prerequisite relations of permissions. The constraints on permission assignment for the proposed symmetric RBAC model reduce errors in permission assignment by properly detailing rules to observe at the time of permission assignment.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.267-273
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• 2011

In hardware design, its stability and reliability are important, because a hardware error can cause serious damages or disaster. To improve stability and reliability, this paper presents the implementation of the hardware verification system using the fault injection method in PC environment. This paper presents a verification platform that can verify hardware system reliably and effectively, through a process to generate faults as well as insert input signals into the actual running system environment. The verification system is configured to connect a PC with a digital I/O card, and it can transmit or receive signals from the target system, as a verifier's intention. In addition, it can generate faults and inject them into the target system. And it can be monitored by displaying the received signals from the target system to the graphical wave signals. We can evaluate its reliability by analyzing the graphical wave signals. In this paper, the proposed verification system has been applied to the FPGA firmware of a nuclear power plant control system. As a result, we found its usefulness and reliability.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.198-201
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• 2005

DNA microarray 칩은 신약 개발, 유전적 질환 진단, Bio-molecular 상호작용 연구, 유전자의 기능연구 등 폭넓게 사용되고 있다. 이 논문은 cDNA mimcroarray 데이터를 분석하기 위한 웹형태의 시스템 개발에 대한 내용을 다룬다. 하나의 cDNA microarray에는 수 백에서 수 만개의 유전자가 심어져 있으며, 데이터를 분석할 때 대량의 데이터와 다양한 형태의 오류로 인해서 데이터간의 차이를 보정하는 분석 도구와 통계적 기법들이 사용되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 가상 칩 뷰어를 이용하여 실제 microarray 데이터의 foreground intensity에서 백그라운드의 intensity를 제거하여 일반화된 칩 이미지를 생성한다. 이 가상 칩 뷰어는 여러 가지 필터효과와 서로 다른 두 형광의 차이를 조정하는 global normalization 기법을 사용하여 발현 유전자 분석을 시각적으로 할 수 있고, 중복된 마이크로어레이 칩 데이터를 통하여 시간이 많이 걸리는 분석전 칩의 유효성을 검토할 수 있다. 칩 데이터의 normalization을 위한 통계 방법으로 R 통계 도구와 linear 모델을 사용하여 microarray 칩의 유전자 발현 양상을 분석한다. 통계적 방법을 사용하지 않은 데이터를 추출, 이 데이터의 패턴 그래프 그리고 발현 레벨을 분류하여 마이크로어레이의 각 스팟의 유효성 검토의 정확성을 높였다. 이 시스템은 칩의 유효성 검토, 스팟의 유효성 검토, 유전자 선정에 대해 분석의 용이성과 정확성을 높일 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.230-237
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: To identify the sources of inaccuracy in LC/MS/MS methods used in the routine quantitation of small molecules are described and discussed. METHODS AND RESULTS: Various UPLC coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and time of flight (TOF) were used to identify the potential sources of inaccuracy and inducing the pitfalls of qualification and quntitation during the veterinary drug residue analysis. Some of stable isotope labelled veterinary drugs, which were used as internal standards, presented "cross-talk", regardless of manufactures of mass spectrometer and types of spectrometer. Group of sulfonamides also presented inaccuracy qualification and quantitation due to the multi-residue analytical method with the same fragment ions at the close retention times. CONCLUSION: The phenomena of "cross-talk" occurring between subsequently monitored transition from stable isotope labelled and isotope non-labelled authentic chemical were identified. To prevent errors and achieve more accurate data during the analysis of small molecules by LC/MS/MS SRM method, Followings should be taken care of and kept checking; purity and concentration of stable isotope as an internal standard, prevention of carry-over during the separation in column, minimizing the ion suppression by matrix effect, identification of retention time, precursor ion and product ion, and full knowledge of data processing including smoothing and peak integration.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.625-642
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• 2009

In the school mathematics the concept of tangent is introduced in several steps in suitable contexts. Students are required to reflect and revise their concepts of tangent in order to apply the improved concept to wider range of contexts. In this paper we consider the tangent as the optimal linear approximation to a curve at a given point and make three discussions on pedagogical aspects of it. First, it provides a method of finding roots of real numbers which can be used as an application of tangent. This may help students improve their affective variables such as interest, attitude, motivation about the learning of tangent. Second, this concept reflects the modern point of view of tangent, the linear approximation of nonlinear problems. Third, it gives precise meaning of two tangent lines appearing two sides of a cusp point of a curve.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.16D no.4
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• pp.595-612
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• 2009

The early test can greatly reduce the cost of error correction for system development. It is still important in SOA based service system. However, the existing methods of test case generation for SOA have limitations which are restricted to only web service using XML. Therefore, this paper proposes a method of test case generation using BPMN-based model reduction for service system. For minimizing test effort, an existing BPM is transformed into S-BPM which is composed of basic elements of workflow. The process of test case generation starts with making S-BPM concerning the target service system, and transforms the target service system into directed graph. And then, we generate several service scenarios applying scenario searching algorithm and extract message moving information. Applying this method, we can obtain effective test cases which are even unlimited to web service. This result is the generation of test case which is reflected in the business-driven property of SOA.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.143-149
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• 2021

This paper proposes length rate measurement for relative efficiency that is a core of data envelopment analysis(DEA). It has been said that the linear programming(LP) is a unique method to get the relative efficiency. This method has drawback that applies fractional LP focusing on each DMU in turn. This paper draws bi-dimensional input-output relational graph and distinguishes between efficient and inefficient DMU. The relative efficiency of inefficient DUM is solve using length rate measurement. As a result of various experimental data, the LP shows mistake of application, but this method gets the correct relative efficiency at all times. Also, this method only gets the relative efficiency for only inefficient DMUs without efficient DUMs that already achieved 100% efficiency. This method solves the relative efficiency of inefficient DUM draws the line to efficient frontier and decides the reference set easily.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.493-501
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• 2022

This paper is a study on context-sensitive spelling error correction and uses the Korean WordNet (KorLex)[1] that defines the relationship between words as a graph to improve the performance of the correction[2] based on the vector information of the word embedded in the correction technique. The Korean WordNet replaced WordNet[3] developed at Princeton University in the United States and was additionally constructed for Korean. In order to learn a semantic network in graph form or to use it for learned vector information, it is necessary to transform it into a vector form by embedding learning. For transformation, we list the nodes (limited number) in a line format like a sentence in a graph in the form of a network before the training input. One of the learning techniques that use this strategy is Deepwalk[4]. DeepWalk is used to learn graphs between words in the Korean WordNet. The graph embedding information is used in concatenation with the word vector information of the learned language model for correction, and the final correction word is determined by the cosine distance value between the vectors. In this paper, In order to test whether the information of graph embedding affects the improvement of the performance of context- sensitive spelling error correction, a confused word pair was constructed and tested from the perspective of Word Sense Disambiguation(WSD). In the experimental results, the average correction performance of all confused word pairs was improved by 2.24% compared to the baseline correction performance.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.40-51
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• 2013

In order to develop a quantitation method for Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS) contained in plastics that are mainly used in electric and electronic equipment, this study consisted of conducting method validations with LDPE samples using soxhlet solvent extraction and LC/MS. As a result, the limits of detection and quantitation (LOD, LOQ) were $2.58{\mu}g/L$ and $7.82{\mu}g/L$, respectively. Additionally, the recovery was 96-102%. For the correlation coefficient of LC/MS, the $r^2$ value was 0.9992 in the concentration range of $7.82-100{\mu}g/L$, which confirmed its linearity. Furthermore, for the standardization of the analysis method for PFOS in electric and electronic equipment to correspond to EU environmental regulations, we conducted a proficiency test with a number of domestic and international testing laboratories. Three of the ten testing laboratories that participated in the proficiency test submitted outliers. Accordingly, we examined the cause of the outliers using the $^{19}F$ NMR, finding that the main cause was an error in the processing of the results for isomers in PFOS that existed in standard solutions and samples.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3628-3633
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• 2012

This paper proposes a model of the real time monitoring system based on Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) for the detection and prediction of landslides. For this purpose, the real time monitoring system with tilting sensor and USN was set up and the performance was conducted. The performance was accomplished by conducting both field examinations and the experimental evaluation of the monitoring system. The results of this study show that the angle $0^{\circ}$, $-10^{\circ}$, $-20^{\circ}$ and $0{\sim}-30^{\circ}$ of sensor position detected by the sensor module coincide with the data measured from USN monitoring system by giving a sampling time 100[msec]. Consequently, the proposed model of the real time monitoring system with tilting sensor based on USN will be widely used as a monitoring system in the exposure to dangerous landslide regions.