• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.134-141
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• 1998

In this study, a fillet size for bending fatigue strength of one side fillet welded T-joint, used in box type girder and other welding structure, was investigated by bending fatigue test with or without edge preparation and burn through, with variation of joint shape. As a result, the following conclusions were obtained. (1) In one side fillet welded T-joint, the larger the leg length, the greater the bending fatigue strength. The increase in bending fatigue strength. (2) One side filet welded T-joint with edge preparation showed higher bending fatigue strength than that with twofold-large leg length and without edge preparation. (3) In one side fillet welded T-joint without edge preparation, both manual welding and automatic welding were carried out with same condition. In this case, automatic welding shoed deeper penetration and more increased horizontal leg length than manual welding, so that automatic welding offers grater bending fatigue strength. (4) For one side fillet welded T-joint without edge preparation, the ratio(h/t) of the leg length (h) and the main plate thickness (t) in which toe crack can occur was 1.2 over. (5) In one side fillet welded T-joint with edge preparation, the burn through led to reduced bending fatigue strength. However, this bending fatigue strength was higher than that of one side fillet welded T-joint without edge preparation and with a larger leg length.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.20-27
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• 1998

According as the member of the automobile body structure have been thinned their thickness and have become high strength, each part of the body structure has been put more severe stress condition. And, because fatigue strength of the spot welded lap joint is influenced by its geometrical and mechanical factors, welding condition and etc., there needs a quantitative and systematic evaluation method for them. In this study, by considering nugget edge of the spot weld part of the IB-type spot welded lap joint under tension-shear load to the ligament crack. fatigue strength of various IB-type spot welded lap joints was estimated with the stress intensity factor(S.I.F.) KIII which is fracture mechanical parameter. We could find that fatigue strength evaluation of the IB-type spot welded lap joints by KIII is more effective than the maximum principal stress ($\sigma$1max) at edge of the spot weld obtained from FEM analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.7-12
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• 2015

CFRP composites are used as primary structural members in various industrial fields because their specific strength and specific stiffness are excellent in comparison to conventional metals. Their usage is expanding to high added-value industrial fields because they are more than 50% lighter than metals, and have excellent heat resistance and wear resistance. However, when CFRP composites suffer impact damage, destruction of fiber and interface delamination occur. This causes an unexpected deterioration of strength, and for this reason it is very difficult to ensure the reliability of the excellent mechanical properties. Therefore, for the destruction mechanism in bending with impact damage, this study investigated the reinforcement data regarding various external loads by identifying the consequential strength deterioration. Specimens were damaged by impact with a steel ball propelled by air pressure. Decrease in bending strength caused by the tension and compression of the impact side, and depending on the lamination direction of fiber and interface inside the specimen. From the bending test it was found that the bending strength reduced when the impact energy increased. Especially in the case of compression on the impact side, as tensile stress occurred at the damage starting point, causing rapid failure and a substantially reduced failure strength.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.247-258
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• 2000

It is thought that impact damages and hygrothermals can affect to CFRP (Carbon-fiber reinforced plastic) composite laminated due to the sensitivity on the composite laminated Therefore, this paper focuses on the fracture mechanisms experimentally based on a scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) when subjected to impact damages, i.e., foreign object damages(FOD), and also the influence of impact damages and hygrothermals on residual fatigue bending strength of CFRP laminates. Composite laminates used in the experiment are CF/EPOXY orthotropy laminated plates, which constist of two-interfaces [04/904]s. A steel ball launched by an air gun collides against CFRP laminates to generate impact damages. Bending fatigue tests are periodically interrupted for a nondestructive evaluation (NDE) measurement of the progrossive damages to built the fracture mechanism by impact damages, and three-point fatigue bending tests are carried out to investigate the influence of hygrothermals on the effect on the residual bending fatigue strength of CFRP laminates.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.1027-1032
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• 2012

Two types of very small multiplying gears and arrays have been developed for new dental hand-pieces, and the increased speed ratios, modules, number of teeth, gear diameters, and gear types were calculated based on the dynamics of the machinery. The contacting and bending strengths were evaluated for gear teeth with two design concepts using AGMA equations and finite element analyses, and the contacting stresses on teeth with and without DLC (diamond-like-carbon) coating layers were calculated. Fatigue and tension tests were performed to obtain an S-N curve, the Young's modulus, and the strength of the gear material, and these were utilized in the analyses. Slightly larger stresses were found for 2-axis-type gears than for other types of gears, and the S-N curves showed that a gear lifetime of 109 cycles was satisfied. The contacting stresses in gears coated with DLC were reduced by 30%. A new prototype model of a hand-piece with small gears was successfully fabricated and tested.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.206-214
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• 2014

This study is to evaluate how different bearing surface angles of abutment screw affect the mechanical stability of the joint in the conical seal design implant system. Materials and Methods: Internal connection type regular implants, two-piece cemented type abutments and tungsten carbide/carbon-coated titanium alloy abutment screws were selected. Titanium alloy screws with conical ($45^{\circ}$) and flat ($90^{\circ}$) head designs which fit on to abutment were fabricated. The abutments were tightened to implants with 30 Ncm by digital torque gauge. The loading was applied once to the central axis of abutment. The mean axial displacement was measured using micrometer before and after the tightening and loading (n = 5). The abutment was tightened to implants with 30 Ncm and T-shape stainless steel crown was cemented. Then the change in the amount of reverse-torque was measured after the repeated loading to the central axis, and the place 5 mm away from the central axis. Compressive bending and fatigue strength were measured at the place 5 mm away from the central axis (n = 5). Results: Both groups showed the largest axial displacement when abutment screw tightening and total displacement was greater in the flat head group compared to conical head group (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in reverse torque value, compressive bending and fatigue strength (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the abutment screw head design had no effect on two groups regarding the joint stability, however the conical head design affected the settlement of abutment resulting in the reduced total displacement.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.24 no.3 s.174
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• pp.743-751
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• 2000

Because welding residual stress is formidable result in electric resistance spot welding process, and it detrimentally affect to fatigue crack initiation and growth at nugget edge of spot welded la p joints, it should be considered in fatigue analysis. Thus, accurate prediction of residual stress is very important. In this study, nonlinear finite element analysis on welding residual stress generated in process of the spot welding was conducted, and their results were compared with experimental data measured by X-ray diffraction method. By using their results, the maximum principal stress considered welding residual stress at nugget edge of the spot welded lap joint subjected to tension-shear load was calculated by superposition method. And, the $\Delta$P- $N_f$ relations obtained through fatigue, tests on the IB-type spot welded lap joints was systematically rearranged with the maximum principal stress considered welding residual stress. From the results, it was found th2at fatigue strength of the IB-type spot welded lap joints could be systematically and more reasonably rearranged by the maximum principal stress($\sigma$1max-res considered welding residual stress at nugget edge of the spot welding point.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.191-197
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• 1987

It has been well known that the fracture mechanics can be applied to large through crack growth. But the growth rate of small surface cracks initiated from a small defect under rotary bending fatigue tests can not be treated as a function of stress intensity factor range. In this paper, to investigate the growth behavior of surface small fatigue cracks in the view-point of both fracture mechanics and strength of materials, the fatigue test has been carried out on two kinds of plain carbon steels with a small surface defect. Applying the concept of the cyclic strain intensity factor range .DELTA. $K_{\epsilon}$/$_{t}$ to the analysis of small surface fatigue crack growth, it is found that the relationship between cyclic strain intensity factor range and crack growth rate shows linear relation on logarithmic coordinates regardless of defect sizes and two kinds of carbon steels.s.s.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.24 no.A
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• pp.9-15
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• 2004

The flexural strength from 3-point bend test and fatigue properties were measured to evaluate mechanical properties of metal/ceramic interface of the multilayer ceramic package produced through tape casting. From the results, the specimens with three electrode layers showed the highest strength. The temperature distribution with time during thermal cycle and thermal stresses with the change of electrode's shape have been estimated by mathematical modelling. Specimen affected by thermal shock, produced microcracks by the difference of thermal expansion coefficient. The results of tensile test and fatigue test showed the rupture at pin. The fact that the pin brazed specimens were always fractured at the pin proved the good bonding condition between pin and electrode.

• Proceedings of the Korean Reliability Society Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.199-204
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 저압 증기 터빈블레이드의 안전성 확보를 위하여 작용응력 및 강도의 변동성을 고려한 확률론적 해석을 수행하였다. 정상상태에서 작용응력은 이론 및 유한요소해석에 의해서 얻을 수 있으며, 최대 von-Mises 응력은 215.4MPa이다. 회전굽힘 하중하에서의 피로한도는 응력비 R= -1에서 계단식 시험법을 이용하여 구하였으며, 이의 확률론적 특성에 가장 적합한 분포는 3 모수 와이블 분포이다. 그리고 신뢰성에 미치는 다양한 인자들의 영향은 영향계수(sensitivity factor)를 이용하여 정량적으로 평가하였다.