• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.264-272
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• 2016

In previous research, we analyzed traffic accident characteristics in the Chungcheong region through factor analysis, cluster analysis, and a questionnaire using traffic accident analysis system data to enhance Korea's traffic safety. Based on the analysis results, we investigated the design and application of traffic safety technology in non-urban areas in this study. Three technologies are proposed to improve traffic safety facilities for the region: a recognition light at pedestrian crossing works, a recognition light on the road for the underprivileged in traffic works, and a safety LED sign for operation of agricultural machine works. Each technology complements the light pollution problem about snow removal and road safety when applied to existing facilities in the non-urban areas. Solar-based indigenous technology is expected to contribute to road safety in rural areas.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.6D
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• pp.541-552
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• 2010

The light rail transit (LRT) having bus lines as subsystem is being constructed or planned in the suburban area of metropolitans and medium size cities. However, there is difficulty in establishing the service coverage (SC) of the LRT because the LRT is a completely new transit mode in Korea. The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data and techniques to be used for establishing the SC of the future LRT by understanding the SC characteristics of buses and subways and building models to estimate the walking distances of their users. Busan City is selected as the study city and the SC's of buses and subways are surveyed simultaneously. A total of 9 variables for 82 stations are collected and the cluster analysis is conducted about the variables. The station areas are divided to three types of CBD (Central Business District), sub-CBD and regional center based on the analysis. A station in each area is selected as the study station. At the walking distance (WD) analysis for each mode, the 80 percentile WD of the subway is 672 m and that of the bus is 472 m. In comparing the SC's of both modes by the type of station areas, there are not significant differences between the SC's of sub-CBD and regional center except CBD. At analysis of the relationship between the personal attributes and the WD, for subway users the WD of female is longer than that of male and apartment residents use subway more positively than single house residents do. For the models to estimate the walking distances, the simple regression models were built employing the income as independent variable by dividing the stations into CBD abd non-CBD stations.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.8 s.253
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• pp.557-563
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• 2005

Background: Recently 980-nm diode laser endovenous treatment was introduced and used as a method of treatment for varicose vein in lower extremities. The advantages of endovenous laser treatment are good cosmetic effects without incision and avoidance of complications associated with surgery. Therefore, we performed an endovenous laser treatment using a 980-nm diode laser and observed the effects and the efficiency of treatment. Material and Method: From October, 2003 to March, 2004, 55 patients (84 limbs) underwent endovenous laser treatment with a 980-nm diode laser. The effects of treatment, complications and recurrences were reviewed. Result The mean age of patients was 47.2 years old and the number of men and women were 2f and 35. In a total of 84 limbs, postoperative complications were transient ecchymosis(84 cases), local paresthesia (24 cases), local skin discolorization (6 cases), minimal burn (3 cases), and post operative phlebitis (1 cases). Adjuvant sclerotherapy was performed in 27 limbs and it was performed in varicose veins missed at operation and varicose veins remaining after endovenous laser treatment. In a total of 56 patients, 2 patients $(3.57\%)$ had recurrences after endovenous laser treatment and were treated with phlebectomy. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that 980-nm endovenous laser treatment had good cosmetic results with acceptable complications. This study was based on short-term results and long term follow-up is necessary to evaluate the accurate effects of treatment and recurrence. We think that multimodality treatment with endovenous laser treatment including phlebectomy or transilluminated powered phlebectomy can help decreasing of recurrence especially in patients with tortuous varicose cluster.