• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.275-281
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• 2010

The lateral pterygoid muscle is one of the masticatory muscles basic to jaw function. Because of its deep location in the masticatory system, digital palpation of the muscle is usually difficult to perform and unreliable. Therefore, diagnosis of the myalgic disorders involving the lateral pterygoid muscle is a perplexing problem for clinicians. Local anesthetic injection can be a more effective method to examine the lateral pterygoid muscle for the purpose of discriminating the source of pain. Furthermore, immediate elimination of muscle pain facilitates stretching of the muscle in the full range. We report two cases of lateral pterygoid myalgia that were diagnosed and managed successfully through the use of intramuscular local anesthetic injection.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.106-107
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• 1954

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.37 no.5 s.360
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• pp.335-342
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• 1999

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.37 no.5 s.360
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• pp.343-346
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1987.05a
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• pp.9.2-9
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• 1987

외래에서 고막에 대한 간단한 수술을 시행함에 있어 고막의 국소 마취법으로 iontophoresis(전기 영동법)은 오래 전부터 널리 시행되어 왔으나 와우나 전정신경계에 대한 독성 때문에 논란의 대상이 되어 왔다. 1973년 Comeau이후 여러 학자에 의한 일련의 동물 및 인체 실험결과 lidocaine 의 iontophoresis는 안전하고 효과적인 방법으로 실제 임상에서의 사용을 권장하고 있으며 근년 널리 이용되고 있으나 iontophoresis를 시행함에 있어 기구 자체의 금속성 물질에 의한 독성 및 사용 약물의 내이 침투에 의한 영향에 관해서는 아직도 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 저자들은 1983년 부터 1986년 12월까지 고려병원 이비인후과에서 고막절개를 위해 iontophoresis에 의한 lidocaine의 국소마취법을 시행받은 환자중 무작위로 추출한 39명(46이)을 대상으로 iontophoresis시행 전후의 청력상의 변화에 관한 청각학적 고찰을 시행하여 iontophoresis후 청력 역치에 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않는다는 결과를 얻었다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.200-206
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Ropivacaine on pain following laparoscopic surgery. Between March 2015 and June 2017, all 97 patients with renal mass who elected to receive laparoscopic nephrectomy were reviewed, retrospectively. Normal saline (0.9%) was used as a control in 45 patients while Ropivacaine was used for local anesthesia in the instillation group (n=52). Pain score (visual analog scale) of the shoulder and upper abdominal area between the two groups was significantly different between recovery time and 24 h (p<0.05), with no significant differences between 48 and 72 h (both p>0.05). In the instillation group, pain score of shoulder and abdominal pain in the two groups according to the amount of CO2 used was not significantly different between recovery time and 24, 48, and 72 h (all p>0.05). Ropivacaine reduced shoulder and upper abdominal pain that occurred within 24 h after surgery. Effective pain control with Ropivacaine is needed in the early postoperative period when a large amount of CO2 is used in laparoscopic surgery.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.11a
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• pp.13-16
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• 1993

코카인은 열대지방에 광범위하게 분포되어 있는 Erythroxylon나무의 잎에 존재하고 있는 알칼로이드이다. 1536년 Pizarro가 스페인 침공을 마친 후 귀국하면서 유럽에 소개되었으며 Alfred Niemann에 의해서 1853년 처음으로 코카잎에서 추출되었고 "cocaine"이라고 명명되었다. 코카인은 황홀감을 일으킬 뿐 아니라 감기, 피부병, 천식, 류마치즘, 후두염 및 치통에도 효과가 좋다고 알려졌었고 국소마취효능이 좋아 아직까지도 안과 영역에서 가끔 사용되고 있다. 그러나 코카인은 인류가 알고 있는 물질중 가장 강화(reinforcement)효과가 강한 물질이기에 현재 법적으로 그 사용이 국소마취제 이외에는 금지되어 있으나 황홀감을 얻기위한 불법적인 사용이 크게 늘어있는 형편이다.늘어있는 형편이다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 2020

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the 2-step needle insertion technique to reduce pain during local anesthesia in children. Local anesthesia was performed bilaterally using conventional technique and a 2-step technique, and to compare the degree of pain using the 2-step with that using the conventional technique during local anesthesia using a pain scale. The pain scores were significantly different between the conventional technique and the 2-step insertion technique at 5.82 ± 2.14 and 2.57 ± 2.09, respectively (p < 0.001). The subjective degree of pain based on gender, age, and Frankl's behavior rating scale was significantly lower in the 2-step insertion technique (p < 0.001). Subjective pain levels in the area of maxilla and mandible, anterior and posterior parts were lower in the group treated using the 2-step insertion technique (p < 0.001). The 2-step insertion technique is a simple and effective way to reduce pain during local anesthesia not only in children with a positive attitude to dental treatment, but also in children with negative attitudes, and is thought to be more effective if combined with application of topical anesthesia or distraction.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to determine the of effective concentration of procaine iontophoresis for durarion of cutaneous local anesthesia. Forty-five healthy students with an age range of 19 to 34 years$(21\pm2.7)$, were participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned into 5 groups. Bach 9 subjects received iontophoresis on the flexor surface of dominant forearm with soft cotton pad $(3.5\times3.5cm)$ soaked in 2ml of $2\%$ (pH 5.28), $4\%$ (pH 5.12), $8\%$ (pH 4,98), $16\%$ (pH 4.72), $32\%$ (pH 4.52) procaine hydrochloride solution at 4mA for 10 minutes (total current 40mA min) using anodal direct current. The study was performed in a randomized, double-blind design, After procaine iontophoresis, the duration of anesthesia were evaluated at five minute intervals on five random locations in the iontophoretically area using a 21-gauge sterile hypodermic needle pressed with 1mm invagination unitl sharp pin-pricking pain sensation returned. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA to determine significant differences between groups. Duncan post hoc was performed at level .01. The relationship between anesthetic duration and procaine concentration was assessed with Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficients. ANOVA tests showed significant differences in the anesthetic duration between the concentration of procaine solution (p<.001). Procaine iontophoresis with $4\%$ concentration produced cutaneous Socal anesthesia of significantly longer duration(15.56 min) than iontophoresis with $2\%,\;8\%,\;16\%$, and $32\%$ of procaine GCl(p<.01). Whereas the anesthetic duration had no correlation with concentration of procaine solution (r=-0.41, NS). These results support the $4\%$ procaine solution was an effective concentration of iontophoresis for induced cutaneous local anesthesia.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.378-388
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• 2014

This research is to figure out the influence of hand holding and Nea-Guan acupressure to anxiety and pain that local anesthesia patients feel in out patient operation room. Non equivalent control group pretest-posttest time series design was adopted and the data had been collected from Jul. to Oct. 2013. Total 78 local anesthesia patients of out patient operation room in the H Hospital were allotted by control group, experimental group 1( hand holding) and experimental group 2(Nea-Guan acupressure) which consisted of 26 patients each. Hand holding and Nea-Guan acupressure in this research was validated to relieve the anxiety and the pain of the local anesthesia patients in operation and can be adopted as an efficacious nursing interventions.