• Journal of Species Research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.241-253
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• 2016

In 2014, as a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 33 bacterial strains assigned to the class Gammaproteobacteria were isolated from diverse environmental samples collected from soil, tidal flat, freshwater, seawater, oil-contaminated soil, and guts of animal. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.5%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 33 species have been described in Korea; therefore, 1 strain of the Aeromonadales, 6 strains of the Alteromonadales, 3 strains of the Chromatiales, 5 strains of the Enterobacteriales, 4 strains of the Oceanospirillales, 11 strains of the Pseudomonadales, and 3 strains of the Xanthomonadales within the Gammaproteobacteria are described for unreported bacterial species in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, and isolation sources are also described in the species description section.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.223-234
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• 2016

As a subset work for the collection of indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, 38 actinobacterial strains were isolated from various environmental samples obtained from plant root, ginseng cultivating soil, mud flat, freshwater and seawater. Each strain showed higher 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formed a robust phylogenetic clade with closest actinobacterial species which were defined and validated with nomenclature, already. There is no official description on these 38 actinobacterial species in Korea. Consequently, unrecorded 37 species of 24 genera in the 12 families belonging to the order Actinomycetales of the phylum Actinobacteria were found in Korea. Morphological properties, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source and strain IDs are described in the species descriptions.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.206-219
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• 2016

As a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 42 bacterial strains assigned to the class Alphaproteobacteria were isolated from diverse environmental habitats including plant roots, ginseng soil, forest soil, marsh, mud flat, freshwater, and seawater. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 42 species have been described in Korea; therefore 4 species of 1 genera in the order Caulobacterales, 18 species of 10 genera in the order Rhizobiales, 7 species of 5 genera in the order Sphingomonadales and 13 species of 11 genera in the order Rhodobacterales within the Alphaproteobacteria are reported for alphaproteobacterial species found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.233-246
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• 2020

A scientific name is one of changeable terms in biology whenever additional research results of specific taxa is accumulated. The Database of the National Species List of Korea (DBNKo) was developed to manage taxonomic information of Korean species, designed to describe the changeable and complex taxonomical structure and information. A Korean Taxonomical Serial Number (KTSN) was assigned to each taxon, different from the normally used systems that the scientific name was considered as primary key to manage higher rank of taxa systematically. Common names were also treated with the KTSN, reflecting that common name is considered as one type of taxon. Additional taxonomic information (e.g., synonyms, original names, and references) was also added to the database. A web interface with an intuitive dashboard presenting taxonomic hierarchical structure is provided to experts and/or managers of the DBNKo. Currently, several biological databases are available in the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) such as a specimen database, a digital library, a genetic information system, and the shared species data based on the DBNKo. The DBNKo started sharing species information with other institutions such as the Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources. It is an ideal centralized species database to manage standardized information of Korean species.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2012

Taxonomy of umbelliferous taxa Heracleum moellendorffii complex has been unclear in their species delimitation in the far-eastern Asian regions. In both Korea and China Heracleum moellendorffii was adopted for their description while H. sphondylium was chosen to describe Japanese Heracleum. From Genbank accessions, taxa collected from Kamtchatka and Promorskiy, Russia were defined as H. maximum, endemic taxon to North America. In this study, we reviewed the taxonomy of Heracleum moellendorffii complex in Korea and neighboring countries on the basis of molecular phylogenies derived from sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. From three Korean accessions of Heracleum investigated in this study, two types of ITS sequences were obtained; two accessions were related to Chinese H. moellendorffii var. moellendorffii and North American H. maximum without forming a clade while the other one was identical to accession from H. maximum from Primorskiy, Russia. In the other hand, Japanese H. moellendorffii (=H. sphondylium ssp. sphondylium var. nipponicum in the flora of Japan) was closely related to H. maximum accessions from Korea and Russia, not nested within the clade comprising several subspecies of H. sphondylium. In order to delimit species boundaries among putatively closely related Heracleum species in fareastern Asian countries, more samples and much more rapidly evolved DNA regions must be investigated with interpretation of morphological and anatomical features.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.105-132
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• 2012

The saga of Megascolides orthostichon (Schmarda, 1861)-the first native worm described from Australasia-continues as its type-locality is unequivocally returned from Hobart, Tasmania to Mt Wellington, Auckland where a brief survey failed to unearth it. Since it has not been seen for 150 yrs, it may qualify under NZTCS or IUCN classification as 'Nationally Critical' if not 'Extinct'. New reports are for exotic Megascolecidae Anisochaeta kiwi sp. nov. and A. kiwi mihi sub-sp. nov. plus addition to the NZ faunal list of Australian Anisochaeta macleayi (Fletcher, 1889) that, due to its wide distribution in Australia and now New Zealand, may be a candidate model-species suitably resilient for eco-toxicological culture and monitoring. For holarctic Lumbricidae, new records are of Dendrobaena attemsi (Michaelsen, 1903) and the Murchieona muldali (Omodeo, 1956) morph or subspecies of M. minuscula (Rosa, 1906), neither lumbricid previously uncovered in Asia/Australasia. Also found for the first time outside its East Asian homeland is Eisenia japonica (Michaelsen, 1892) (which is compared to Japanese E. japonica hiramoto sub-sp. nov. and to E. anzac Blakemore, 2011). Records of these exotics plus recent new native species described by the author-including two, Rhododrilus mangamingi and Deinodrilus orcus spp. novae, herein-raise the numbers of megadriles known from New Zealand to 228 (sub-)species in five families. Preliminary mtDNA COI sequence barcodes are presented. Genus Tokea Benham, 1904 is revived on its lack of dorsal pores, losing or gaining some species with Megascolides M'Coy, 1878. An updated checklist of all 228 New Zealand taxa is appended.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.203-222
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• 2013

The district of Ganghwa-gun in the western coast (Seohae) of the Korea is consisted of several islands, Ganghwa-do, Seokmo-do, Gyodong-do, Jumun-do, Boreum-do, Seogeom-do and Donggeom-do. Since several islands of them were connected to mainland of Korea by bridges, the islands attract a lot of tourists from Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi-do areas. Construction of new roads, pensions, resort areas and restaurants provided economical benefits to local residents while natural vegetation of these islands has deteriorated continuously. Before biodiversity of vascular plants in these regions is damaged seriously by human impacts, it is needed to conserve original vegetation of the islands for restoration and monitoring in the future. Therefore, the primary purpose of the study is to clarify the flora of Donggeom-do, belonging to Ganghwa-gun. From the 15 times of field trips to the island, we have collected a number of vascular plants, 512 taxa in total, including 110 families, 329 genera, 449 species, six subspecies, 52 varieties, four forms and one hybrid. Of 512 taxa investigated, we have identified 12 taxa to be endemic to Korea. Six taxa were endangered or rare species which were designated by the Ministry of Environment and Korea Forest Service, respectively. 25 taxa were recognized as floristic regional indicator species designated specially by the Ministry of Environment. Seven species have shown their northern or southern distributional limit ranges, and 29 taxa were recognized as halophytes. The naturalized plants were identified as 55 taxa, and their naturalization ratio was 10.7%.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2013

Typical of large, oligotrophic lakes, Lake H$\ddot{o}$vsg$\ddot{o}$l, Mongolia, exhibits complex morphometry which should support a spatially heterogeneous community of benthic macroinvertrates. The lake also exhibits a broad range of land uses. Based on the variation in land use and complex physical habitat of the lake (e.g. substrate variation and presence of affluent streams in bays), we asked two questions. First, does density of total benthic macroinvertebrates vary between different bays in Lake H$\ddot{o}$vsg$\ddot{o}$l? Second, does density of individual benthic taxa vary by bay? Samples collected in 1997, the last year for benthic sampling of the lake, were designed to test for variation in macroinvertebrate density between bays and can now be used to establish baseline variation in density for future studies. A total of 56 Ponar grab samples were analyzed from six bays in Lake H$\ddot{o}$vsg$\ddot{o}$l. Results of a general linear model analysis of variance showed that total density of macroinvertebrates varied only slightly between bays of the lake, but that most individual taxa showed significant variation between bays. Variation in density for most taxa was linked to substrate composition rather than other geographic or physical variables in the lake. Recent increases in grazing intensity and ecotourism along the shores should be managed to reduce the nutrient load into the lake to avoid impairment of the benthic biota of this unique, ancient ecosystem.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.99-126
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• 2013

Amynthas diffringens (Baird, 1869) is deemed valid yet comparable to A. corticis (Kinberg, 1867) and to A. nipponicus (Beddard, 1893) or A. peregrinus (Fletcher, 1896). Its syntypes tend to more genital markings than usual as shown for variable specimens from Japan, Korea, and Australasia that comply genetically with either of two A. corticis spp. groups. A. diffringens type-locality was UK hothouses yet closest specimens appear in part of A. heteropodus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) (=A. corticis) from Japan. Japanese Amynthas divergens (Michaelsen, 1892) is restored based on its serrate intestinal caeca. Meanwhile, the lectotype of Amynthas pingi (Stephenson, 1925) is deemed a synonym of A. carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) compliant with Kobayashi's (1936) types III & II. Erstwhile A. pingi synonym A. fornicatus (Gates, 1925) is again included, but A. hongkongensis (Michaelsen, 1910) and A. chungkingensis (Chen, 1936) are provisionally retained whilst A. carnosa lichuanensis Wang & Qiu, 2005 is given separate species status. A new Korean taxon is proposed as A. carnosus naribunji sub-sp. nov. and two replacement names are provided: A. zhuya nom. nov. for homonym A. montanus Qiu & Sun, 2012 from Hainan and A. yizhou for A. carnosus sensu Shen et al., 2005 from Taiwan. No attempt is made to fully resolve numerous Japanese synonyms of A. carnosus [eg Ishizuka's (2001) invista, subterranea, subalpina, umbrosa, mutabilis, nubicola, plus A. nonmonticolus Blakemore, 2010] nor Korean synonyms [eg kyamikia Kobayashi, 1934, monstrifera Kobayashi, 1936 and murayamai Kobayashi, 1938, sangyeoli, youngtai (with segments miscounted), kimhaeiensis, sinsiensis and baemsagolensis - all names by Hong & James (2001) plus ?A. sangumburi Hong & Kim, 2002 (its segments miscounted too)] also A. fuscus Qiu & Sun, 2012 from Hainan and Taiwanese monsoonus James et al., 2005 plus A. penpuensis Shen et al., 2003 and A. taiwumontis Shen et al., 2013 syns. nov.. All synonyms remain in the currently defined A. carnosus pending full revisons although several may eventually comply with parts of prior A. corticis s. lato.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.362-374
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• 2020

A total of 35 bacterial strains were isolated from various sediment samples. From 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities higher than 98.7% and the formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to independent and predefined bacterial species. No previous official reports have described these 35 species in Korea. The unrecorded species were assigned to 6 phyla, 10 classes, 18 orders, 23 families, and 31 genera. At the genus level, the unrecorded species were affiliated with Terriglobus of the phylum Acidobacteria, as well as with Mycobacterium, Rhodococcus, Kineococcus, Phycicoccus, Agromyces, Cryobacterium, Microbacterium, and Arthrobacter; Catellatospora of the class Actinomycetia; Lacibacter of the class Chitinophagia; Algoriphagus and Flectobacillus of the class Cytophagia; Flavobacterium and Maribacter of the class Flavobacteriia; Bacillus, Cohnella, Fontibacillus, Paenibacillus, Lysynibacillus, and Paenisporosarcina of the class Bacilli; Bradyrhizobium, Gemmobacter, Loktanella, and Altererythrobacter of the class Alphaproteobacteria; Acidovorax of the class Betaproteobacteria; Aliiglaciecola, Cellvibrio, Arenimonas, and Lysobacter of class Gammaproteobacteria; and Roseimicrobium of the class Verrucomicrobia. The selected strains were subjected to further taxonomic characterization, including Gram reaction, cellular and colonial morphology, and biochemical properties. This paper provides detailed descriptions of the 35 previously unrecorded bacterial species.