• Journal of Species Research
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.253-265
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• 2022

A study on silica-scaled chrysophytes(Chrysophyceae and Synurophyceae) from Mt. Sinbul alpine wetland, South Korea was performed from January 2018 to March 2020 using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We found a total of 19 taxa of silica-scaled chrysophytes; Mallomonas(13); Synura (3); Chromophysomonas (1); Chrysosphaerella (1); and Paraphysomonas(1), of which six taxa, including two new species(Mallomonas dimorphus sp. nov. and Mallomonas alpestris sp. nov.), were reported for the first time in Korea. All the species are illustrated with SEM micrographs and briefly described with regard to their taxonomy. Two new species were described based on the cell shape, size and ultrastructure of the scales and bristles. Mallomonas dimorphus sp. nov. belongs to the Sectio Heterospinae in that its scales have a flat dome, a reticulated secondary layer and needle shaped bristles. However, this species is distinguished from other taxa in the Sectio by two different patterns of shield ornamentation and a dome ornamentation. Mallomonas alpestris sp. nov. belongs to Series Torquatae (Sectio Torquatae) characterized elongated domed collar scales, domeless body scales and rear scales with a short spine. However, it is different from all other taxa in the Sectio Torquatae as well as Series Torquatae by shield ornamentation of the body and rear scales with evenly spaced transverse ribs and papillae.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.321-329
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• 2022

Four species of cyanobacteria that are unrecorded in Korea were isolated from freshwater and brackish water. These four species are Laspinema thermale of Laspinemaceae, Planktothricoides raciborskii and Planktothrix spiroides of Microcoleaceae, and Cephalothrix lacustris of Phormidiaceae, all belonging to the order Oscillatoriales. Laspinema thermale is morphologically characterized as apical cells that are longer than other cells. In this strain, the similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequence with the previously reported L. thermale strains were 99.30-99.50%. Planktothricoides raciborskii, which is characterized by bluntly conical morphology of apical cells, showed 98.80-99.50% of similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequence to the previously reported P. raciborskii strains. Planktothrix spiroides are characterized by floating due to gas vacuoles. In this strain, the similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequence with the previously reported P. spiroides strains were 99.80-99.90%. Cephalothrix lacustris, characterized by having calyptra in apical cells, showed 99.80-99.90% similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequence to previously reported C. lacustris strains. Also, these species were clustered in the same clade in phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences with each corresponding species.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.239-252
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• 2022

Afrolaophonte koreana sp. nov. is described from the intertidal zone of two sandy beaches on the south coast of Korea. This is the first record of the genus Afrolaophonte Chappuis, 1960 in the Northern Pacific. The new species is most similar to A. aequatorialis Cottarelli and Mura, 1981, described from the Maldives and subsequently also found in Papua New Guinea, but could be distinguished by numerous characters, including the segmentation of the third leg endopod in male, armature formula of the second leg in both sexes, length of caudal rami in both sexes, and length of some setae on the fourth leg in female. Afrolaophonte ensiger Wells and Rao, 1987 from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is established as a junior subjective synonym of A. aequatorialis. To test previous phylogenetic hypotheses based on intuitive methods, a parsimony based cladistic analysis of 13 valid congeners is performed using 15 morphological characters and one outgroup. Only one of three previously proposed species-groups is supported with a synapomorphy, while one was clearly based on symplesiomorphies. Our current knowledge of morphology in this genus is not sufficient for postulating interspecific phylogenies, which also renders previous zoogeographical hypotheses untestable.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.169-173
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• 2022

Three species belonging to the genus Trapania Pruvot-Fol, 1931 are redescribed from Korea in this paper: Trapania euryeia Gosliner & Fahey, 2008, T. japonica (Baba, 1935), and T. toddi Rudman, 1987. Among these species, T. japonica is newly added to Korean fauna. The genus Trapania is characterized by a pair of extra-rhinophoral appendages on each side of the head, tentacular foot corners, a pair of extra-branchial appendages present around the gill, radula formula N×1.0.1. and consists of denticulated teeth, triaulic reproductive system, and minute spines on the armed penis. Herein, synonyms of the genus Trapania are summarized through a detailed literature review and the diagnostic characters of the genus Trapania are provided. Three species of the genus Trapania from Korea are distinguished from each other based on the color of extra-rhinoporal appendages and extra-branchial appendages, ground color, and distribution range of the brown markings on the dorsal surface. A taxonomic key to the genus Trapania in Korea is provided. In addition, the morphological characteristics of three trapanian nudibranchs in Korea are described and detailed photos of living animal are provided.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.180-187
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• 2022

We found three fouling bryozoans from the materials collected from seven localities (ports, yacht marina, intertidal and subtidal zones) in the coastal seas of South Korea from 2003 to 2021. These three species, Thalamoporella californica (Levinsen, 1909), Scruparia ambigua (d'Orbigny, 1841), and Tricellaria inopinata d'Hondt and Occhipinti Ambrogi, 1985, and one genus Scruparia Oken, 1815 are newly added to the Korean bryozoan fauna. Of the three species, Scruparia ambigua and Tricellaria inopinata are cosmopolitan or widespread, and Thalamoporella californica is from the East Pacific Ocean in tropical/temperate water. It seems that some of the previously reported T. occidentalis in Korea have a high probability of being T. inopinata. In this study, some Tricellaria occidentalis reported by Seo (2005) are synonymized into T. inopinata. A total of 77 species of fouling bryozoans has been reported in Korea, with three new bryozoans resulting from this study. Descriptions and illustrations of the three fouling bryozoans using scanning electron microscopy are provided in this study.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2022

To obtain unrecorded bacterial species in Korea, various marine samples were collected from Jeollanam-do Province, Korea in 2021. After plating the samples on marine agar and marine R2A agar, and incubating aerobically and anaerobically, approximately 1200 bacterial strains were isolated and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequences. A total of 30 strains showed ≥98.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with validly published bacterial species but not reported in Korea, indicating that they are unrecorded bacterial species in Korea. The unrecorded bacterial strains belonged to 4 phyla, 7 classes, 13 orders, 19 families, and 22 genera, which were assigned to Azospirllium, Loktanella, and Pseudovibrio of the class Alphaproteobacteria; Grimontia, Halomonas, Marinobacter, Microbulbifer, Photobacterium, Pseudoalteromonas, Pseudidiomarina, Ferrimonas, Shewanella, Simiduia, Thalassotalea, and Vibrio of the class Gammaproteobacteria; Priestia and Enterococcus of the class Bacilli; Persicobacter of the class Cytophagia; Aureivirga of the class Flavobacteriia; Propionigenium and Psychrilyobacter of the class Fusobacteriia; and Tepidibacter of the class Clostridia. The details of the unreported species including Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, biochemical characteristics, and phylogenetic position are also provided in the description of the strains.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.321-335
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• 2021

In 2020, a total of 12 bacterial strains were isolated from soil after a comprehensive investigation of indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea. It was determined that each strain belonged to independent and predefined bacterial species, with high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.7%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species. This study identified four families in the phylum Actinobacteria, two families in the phylum Proteobacteria, one family in the phylum Bacteroidetes one family in the phylum Firmicutes; and four species in the family Nocardiaceae, two species in the family Nocardioidaceae, one species in the family Cellulomonadaceae, one species in the family Hymenobacter, one species in the family Methylobacteriaceae, one species in the family Microbacteriaceae, one species in the family Bacillaceae and one species in the family Sphingomonadaceae. There is no official report of these 12 species in Korea, so they are described as unreported bacterial species in Korea in this study. Gram reaction, basic biochemical characteristics, colony, and cell morphology are included in the species description section.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.419-421
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• 2021

The genus Mesyatsia Ricker & Ross, 1975 is a small genus of the family Taeniopterygidae with only six species worldwide. This genus is mainly distributed in Asia, but has never been reported in Korea. In this paper, we report Mesyatsia makartchenkoi Teslenko & Zhiltzova, 1992 for the first time from the Korean Peninsula. The specimens were collected from Odaesan National Park, Bangtaesan Natural Recreation Forest, and Gariwangsan Natural Recreation Forest in Gangwon-do, South Korea by mainly Malaise traps and a few by sweep net. Some pharate larvae and adults crawling on the snow were also collected by handpicking. This species is characterized by the following features: pterostigma with dark spots; abdominal sternum 9 with vesicle; abdominal tergum 10 medially divided into two; subgenital plate strongly elongated, scoop-shaped, upcurved with tongue-shaped apex; cercus blunt. We provide materials, diagnosis for newly recorded species, and distributions. Additionally, we include a provisional key to the genera of Taeniopterygidae from Korea based on males.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.212-223
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• 2023

A total of 30 bacterial strains were identified in the classes Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria in the study of prokaryotic species in Korea. These strains were isolated from a variety of environmental sources, including soil, tidal flat, mud, wetland, pine cone, seaweed, sea sediment, and brackish water. Phylogenetic analysis showed that isolates were identified based on high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (≥98.7%) with the predefined bacterial type species. In this study, we present data on previously unreported species from Korea, including 10 species from three families of one order in the class Betaproteobacteria and 20 species from 12 families of nine order in the class Gammaproteobacteria. Morphological, biochemical characteristics, isolation sources, and NIBR deposit numbers are provided in the description sections.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.229-239
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• 2023

We isolated and identified 25 unrecorded bacterial species belonging to the phylum Actinomycetota found in the Republic of Korea. Sequence comparison of 16S rRNA was performed using the NCBI BLAST and EzBioCloud database to identify 25 species, which had a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of >98.8% and were allocated as unrecorded species in the Republic of Korea. Among the 25 unrecorded bacterial strains, Streptomyces was the most common with nine species, followed by Leifsonia with two species. Isoptericola, Nocardioides, Dermacoccus, Sinomonas, Patulibacter, Marmoricola, Allobranchiibius, Aldersonia, Actinokineospora, Agromyces, Aeromicrobium, Cellulomonas, and Gordonia with one species each were also found. Twenty-five unrecorded species were excavated in various environments, such as tidal flats, ferns, soil, pine cones, moss, mud, wetlands, and plants. These isolates were characterized on the basis of their phylogenetic, biochemical properties, and morphological data, and species descriptions were provided.