• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.19-33
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• 2018

Owing to the increase of FTA, food trade, and versatile preferences of consumers, food import has increased at tremendous rate every year. While the inspection check of imported food accounts for about 20% of the total food import, the budget and manpower necessary for the government's import inspection control is reaching its limit. The sudden import food accidents can cause enormous social and economic losses. Therefore, predictive system to forecast the compliance of food import with its preemptive measures will greatly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of import safety control management. There has already been a huge data accumulated from the past. The processed foods account for 75% of the total food import in the import food sector. The analysis of big data and the application of analytical techniques are also used to extract meaningful information from a large amount of data. Unfortunately, not many studies have been done regarding analyzing the import food and its implication with understanding the big data of food import. In this context, this study applied a variety of classification algorithms in the field of machine learning and suggested a data preprocessing method through the generation of new derivative variables to improve the accuracy of the model. In addition, the present study compared the performance of the predictive classification algorithms with the general base classifier. The Gaussian Naïve Bayes prediction model among various base classifiers showed the best performance to detect and predict the nonconformity of imported food. In the future, it is expected that the application of the abnormality detection model using the Gaussian Naïve Bayes. The predictive model will reduce the burdens of the inspection of import food and increase the non-conformity rate, which will have a great effect on the efficiency of the food import safety control and the speed of import customs clearance.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
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• v.1
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• pp.78-92
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• 2019

Among the Southeast Asian countries, Vietnam had the most cultural exchange with Korea. Through Confusion and Chinese character, which were the common measure for two countries, Korea and Vietnam could communicate and share a sentiment with each other. Two countries showed an enormous interest in each other, and hence they could keep good relationship without official diplomatic relations. During the early 19th century, Korean Ginseng had gained tremendous popularity in Vietnam. Vietnamese believed the stamina of Minh Mang, who had 142 sons and daughters, originated from ginseng. Minh Mang bestowed ginseng on old courtiers for their contribution, which made them more loyal to the king. This tradition was inherited to the future generations, and soldiers who fought with Thai, Cambodia and France also received ginseng for their contribution. In other words, ginseng was the very important key for enforcement of patriotism. Due to the tradition, Korean ginseng has been considered as the premium ginseng in Vietnam. It is presumed that ginseng flew into Vietnam through 4 routes; 1) as an imperial gift from Chinese emperor, 2) by the Vietnamese ambassadors who went to Beijing for a tribute, 3) through private trade and 4) from Ryukyu or Japan, which were the hub of international trade. From 15th to 18th century, ambassadors from Chosun and Vietnam actively interacted in Beijing. Through their interchange, Vietnamese royal family could learn about the value of ginseng. The fact that there were many Shilhak scholars among the ambassadors from Joseon, such as Seo Geojeong and Seo Hosu who had profound knowledge of ginseng proves the theory. It is also possible that reputation of ginseng was already established in Vietnam during Silla period. Ko Byung, an bureaucrat from Tang Dynasty who ruled Vietnam for 10 years in middle 9th century and a friend of Choi Chiwon, might have delivered the knowledge of ginseng to the upper class in Vietnam. This hypothesis, however, should be proven by literatures. Hence, further research about the trace of Korean ginseng in Vietnamese history and literary works still remains to be done.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

This study aims to observe the impacts of entrepreneurship and market orientation of Seoul's business incubator (BI) CEO's on business performance, as well as investigate the moderating effects of BI supporting services. The main objectives of this study are as follows: first, to observe how the entrepreneurship of CEO's affects business performance; second, to observe how CEO's market orientation as a cultural factor attributes to business performance; third, to verify whether the utilization level of BI supporting services shows moderating effects between entrepreneurship and business performance, and finally to verify whether the utilization level of BI supporting services shows moderating effects between market orientation and business performance. Business incubators in Seoul registered with the Business Incubator Association were surveyed both online and offline to receive 127 responses out of 320 circulations. By filtering out insincere reponses, 117 were used for statistical analysis. Our results assert that the utilization level of physical BI supporting services does indeed strengthen the relation between initiative and financial performance. Also, it is interesting to note that the utilization level of physical BI supporting services supports the relation between risk sensitivity and financial performance. While risk sensitivity on its own shows no positive effect on business performance, a suitable utilization level of BI supporting services is likely to strengthen the connection. In addition, the utilization level of both physical and non-physical supporting services shows a moderating effect between initiative and non-financial performance. Based on the results above, risk-taking business incubator CEOs with initiative are likely to yield better financial performance in terms of increasing sales, if provided with various physical supporting services such as sufficient educational facilities including communal spaces and conference rooms.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.182-194
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• 2008

This study seeks to intensively shed light on the municipal police system which is certain to be introduced to the nation, and verify the effect of the new appointment system presented herein from the viewpoint of police and experts in related areas, thus contributing to having the municipal police system in place stably. In particular, this study sets as the most core factors the recruiting, selection, education and training, and placement in the process of a new appointment, centered on Municipal Police Introduction (Plan) submitted to the National Assembly. First, in the area of recruiting and adoption, presented the head or manager of the municipal police implements open administrative job recruiting system, expanded recruiting of women and manpower in special recruitment to administer citizen-friendly police administration, and the exclusive employment rights of the head of the municipality. Second, in the area of the education and training of the municipal police as to the securing of independent education and training agencies, establishment of curricula fit for characteristics of the municipal police, and utilization of education facilities and professors of regional universities. Finally, in the case of the placement of the municipal police as to side effects caused by the placement of region-hailing personnel, implementation of interview system prior to a new placement, and priority placement of policewomen to the civil service section.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.13
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• pp.551-575
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• 2007

한국에서의 경찰제도는 국가경찰의 형태로 운영되어와 획일적이고 중앙집중식의 경찰활동에 대한 거부감이 전반적으로 있어왔다. 그러나 지역주민의 의사에 따른 자율규율에 의한 다원적 민주주의를 실현하고 국민의 기본권을 실질적으로 보장하기 위하여 지난 1995년 지방자치단체의 장과 지방의회 의원의 동시선거가 시행되어 온 이래 10여년이 흘렀다. 그러나 지방자치제도가 시행되기 이전부터 자치경찰제도에 대한 논의는 지속적으로 이루어져 왔다. 자치경찰제에 있어서 주요쟁점의 핵심사항은 자치경찰제를 도입하는 것의 득실관계라고 볼 것인데 이는 관점과 어느 측면에 중점을 둘 것인가에 따라 다르게 나타나게 된다. 지방자치의 존재 이유 중에는 주민 복지적 차원에서 주민의 안전보호가 중요한 부분을 차지하고 있다. 특히 자치경찰제는 수사권독립과 함께 지난 몇 대에 걸친 각 대통령의 선거공약이었기 때문에 노무현 정부 출범 이후 정부는 지방분권차원에서 정부혁신지방분권위원회에서 여러 가지 검토를 해 온 바 있다. 2004년 1월에 정부혁신지방분권위원회의 지방 분권과제 주요과제로 자치경찰제 방안을 검토하기 위해 위원, 관계 공무원 10명으로 자치경찰 T/F를 구성하여 운영한 이 후 자치경찰제 도입방안에 대하여 경찰정과 실시 단위 및 수행 사무 등 주요 쟁점에 대해 협의하면서 실천 가능한 방안을 마련하기 위해서 스페인, 프랑스, 이태리, 그리스 자치경찰기관을 현지 방문하여 외국 자치경찰 제도를 조사한 후 2004년 9월 중순에 자치경찰(안)을 발표하였다. 이 안은 크게 경찰을 사법경찰과 행정경찰로 구분하는 개념 하에 최초로 나온 자치경찰제에 대한 구체적 시행 안이라는 점에서 그 의의를 찾을 수 있을 것이나 지금까지의 기대수준에 과연 부응하는 안이 될 수 있을 것인가에 대한 의문이 제기되고 있다. 동 사안은 2005년 하반기에 시범적으로 시행하고 민선 4기 자치단체장이 출범하는 2006년 하반기에 본격적으로 시행될 것으로 발표하고 발표와 동시에 정부혁신지방분권위원회에서는 본 자치경찰제 기본방향과 법안제정의 원칙과 구체적인 내용에 대한 토론회를 개최하는 등 다양한 홍보를 하였으나 여러 가지 문제점으로 인하여 아직 시행되지 못하고 있다. 따라서 과연 이 안이 한국에서의 자치경찰제 시행에 효과적인 안인가 그렇지 않으면 대선공약을 지키기 위한 일종의 정치적 고려를 한 졸속적인 안이 아닌가에 대한 논란이 제기되고 있다. 지금까지 한국에서는 자치경찰에 대한 많은 토의가 있어 왔으나 이번에 제하고 있고 현재 지방자치단체에서 시행하고 있는 기존 법집행방식과 거의 차이가 없는 상태시된 안은 적어도 지금까지 논의되어왔던 제도와는 매우 생소한 자치경찰 제도를 근간으로 에서 ‘무늬만 자치경찰’ 이라는 비판이 일각에서 제기되고 있는 실정이다. 현재 자치단체에서 시행하고 있는 행정 경찰적 기능을 다소 보완하고 제복착용과 조직을 하나 더 만든 정도가 아닌가 하는 정도이다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 정부혁신지방분권위원회에서 제시한 자치경찰제도(안)을 중심으로 자치경찰제도 운용의 목적 충족과 실질적인 효과의 측면에서 분석하고 바람직한 자치경찰제도의 운용에 대해 살펴본다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.536-543
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• 2018

In 2003, the local police system was adopted, and the personnel and installation of local police agencies were subsequently changed. According to the "Police Law", local police station shall be established under the control of chief of police department, and the criteria for the installation of local police stations were to take into consideration of population, administrative districts, area, geographical characteristics, traffic and other conditions. The chief of local police has the authority to install district police station according to the "National Police Agency and its Organization". However, it is hard to say they were applied. Futhermore, it is inappropriate to apply the laws and regulations equally across the nation. Also, it has been criticized for its difficulties of patrolling, the weakened relationship with local residents, and poor quality of security services in rural areas. Therefore, this study suggests that the criteria for the installation of the police station should be made through a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of the areas and security needs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.8-13
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to discover who designed the common type and the individual type Goon office buildings in the Japanese colonial period, and to determine how the individual type's space-compositions were compared with the common types. The study used the literature research method. The method used an analysis of the digital images of the Goon office buildings kept in the national archive of Korea, the annotation of the images, the official documents between the Japanese government-general of Korea and To, the employee's registers of the Japanese government-general of Korea, and newspapers or journals from the Japanese colonial period. The designers of the common types were the engineers of the building-construction part in the Japanese government-general of Korea and also those in To. The space-composition of the individual types was similar to and also different from the common types at the same time, and the difference was attributed to the designers' ability and their preferences.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.446-455
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• 2004

This study has been conducted as a basic research for developing efficient ways of managing Korean National Parks by finding differences via the comparison of present management systems of national parks in Korea and Japan. The survey was conducted through telephone interviews and direct interviews with staffs of related organizations as well as related literature study. In result, it is found that Japanese national parks have a numerical standard of minimum area, with less staff than Korea, and larger designated areas are being managed. Management organizations of both countries are divided as main and commission. In Korea, 6 staff in Natural Resources Division under Ministry of Environment are managing main organization, and in Japan, 53 staff of 3 divisions(National Park Division, Natural Environment Management Division, General Affairs Division) are taking charge of it. Moreover, General Affairs Division, dividing whole country into 11 blocks, manages 11 units of natural preservation offices, 12 branch offices, and 67 units of nature preservation management offices. In case of commission, Foundation of Natural Park Beautification & Management in Japan has a headquarter and 20 branch offices with 54 staff who are only doing site management, while in Korea, the National Parks Management Corporation has a headquarter and 25 offices with 748 staff carrying out main office jobs and site management side by side. From the differences in both countries, we could suggest efficient measures for our national park management as follows: \circled1 introduction of numerical value as criteria for national park designation, \circled2 review of use zone, \circled3 division of the national park management office into site office and regional office, with dividing works and re-posting staff, \circled4 enlargement of park management division in Department of Environment, \circled5 National Park authority becomes a national public servant

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.58
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• pp.59-80
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• 2019

Recently, our company has entered the modern knowledge company, government policy and regulation has a big influence on people's lives. Also, unlike in the past, I am hoping for administrative intervention as a problem peculiar to the environment, such as environmental housing problems, urban transportation problems, misuse problems, etc. and corporate pending issues. In this study, through the 10th year of the Seoul Special Citizen Judicial Police Force, if the local autonomy is a special envoy, it will try to present the correctness in the organization luck. As a measure to secure the nature of administrative action, the method of investigation was through the study of the execution process of administrative penalty and its result based on the statistical data of Seoul City. Therefore, we will analyze the process and operation of the 10-year organizational change of the Seoul Metropolitan Government's police force and examine how the police force of the people's livelihoods, which is a special investigation organization, is expanding its duties in order to strengthen the enforcement power of the administration. Also, we will make future-oriented suggestions to encourage the readjustment of the current relevant laws, such as the Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, and to actively accommodate the expected changes of the special law police organization in charge of the enforcement of the police system.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.333-341
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• 2012

The financial resources for public land banking enacted by Public Land Banking Act (2009) are LH (Korea Land and Housing Corporation) contributions, LH Bond, Land Bank revenues, etc. But, in real, the efficient funding resource is mainly LH bond. In these days, LH has experienced deep financial distress, and difficulties in issuing it's bond. Therefore, Land Banking project also has been inactivated because of poor financial resources. As Land Banking project depending its financial resources mainly on LH Bond does not have financial sustainability, it is necessary to reform the fundamental funding structure. This is the starting point for the topic of this paper. This paper suggests to reform the funding structure, and to introduce Land Bank Bond guaranteed by Government, and also to modify the accounting method of Land Bank to separate the Land Bank accounts with LH accounts. The funding structure reform can be summarized as follows; In early stage of the Land Banking project, sufficient government support by guaranteeing the Land Bank Bond is necessary. Gradually, the portion of LH's contribution can be increased in company with LH's financial distress being solved and administration being normalized. When the project reached on the stage of maturity, cash inflows by selling the reserved land can exceed the cash outflows for reserve new land. To introduce the Land Bank Bond guaranteed by government, the Public Land Banking Act (2009) should be revised. Along with this, to modify the accounting method of Land Bank, the rule for public enterprise accounting system must be partially revised.