• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.371-383
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• 1994

질환성과 관련된 세균의 분포 및 유전자형을 탐색하고자 구강농양 및 골수염의 급성감염 혼자와 진료실 및 실험실의 정상인을 대상으로 시료를 채취하여 포도상구균을 분리 및 동정을 시행하고, 특성을 규명하였으며, plasmid 및 염색유전자를 분리하여 제한효소를 처리후 전기영동을 실시하고 분리된 plasmid로 탐색자를 제작하여 dot blot을 시행하였다. 대부분의 급성환자에서 분리된 포도상구균을 S. lugdunensis와 S. aureus이었으나, 진료실 및 실험실에서는 coagulase 음성 staphylococci가 분리되었다. 급성환자에서 분리된 포도상구균은 ampicillin과 penicillin에 내성을 보였다. 분리된 S. lugdunensis균주중 네 균주는 ${\delta}$형의 용혈소를 생산하였다. Plasmid를 분리한 결과 S. lugdunensis균주중 세 균주는 약 6.5 kilobases이었으나 S. aureus는 약 4.3 kilobases 정도 크기의 band를 보였다. S. lugdunensis에서 분리된 plasmid로 제작한 탐색자로 dot blot를 시행한 결과 치과 영역에서 분리한 plasmid를 갖는 균주는 양성반응을 보였다. 염색체유전자의 유전자형을 분석한 결과 ${\delta}$형의 용혈소를 생산한 네 균주의 S. lugdunensis는 유사한 유전자형을 보였다. 이러한 연구결과 질환의 진행에 S. lugdunensis가 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 생각되고, 치과영역에 존재하는 plasmid는 공통적인 유전자 서열을 갖는 것으로 추정된다.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.169-177
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• 2017

Patient management is considered an important factor in dental field. The aim of this review is to analyze the efficacy of hypnosis to treat fear, anxiety, pain, stress of dental patients, and see how it can be adopted in dentistry for improving patient satisfaction. Medline research was carried out to find the use of hypnosis in dentistry and other aspects of hypnosis in medical area. It can help patient more comfortable, relax, and accordingly reduce patient's negative feelings such as fear, anxiety, pain, stress during dental treatment. Also, it affects patient recovery after surgery by accelerating healing speed and reinforce immune system. When hypnosis is used with other anesthetic method, it can reduce the use of main medication, leading to reduce possibility of side effect. Therefore, using Hypnosis can give patients more comfortable dental experience, both mentally and physically, ultimately making patients more satisfied with the dental treatment.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2010

The main purpose of this study was to identify the service quality of some dental clinics located in Gwangju and find an association between service quality and patient's intention to re-visit the same dental clinic. The search objects were 197 patients from five dental clinics, and data collected by self-administered questionnaire which was composed general characteristics, characteristics relating to visit of clinics, quality of service, patients satisfaction and intentions to re-visit. The used statistical analysis to find the association between quality of service and intention to re-visit was multiple regression analysis. This study looked at relations between quality of dental service, service satisfaction and intentions to visit again, and found that quality of service including six service areas had a statistically significant positive correlations with satisfaction and intentions of re-visit. When this study conducted a multiple regression analysis to identify variables that influence intentions of re-visit, it found that patients revisited the dental clinic only when quality of service was included. In conclusion, quality of service evaluated by patients influenced on their intention of re-visit and especially. Therefore, this study concludes that improvement in satisfaction and intentions of re-visit relies on Accessibility, that is, providing of medical information, consultant telephone, how delivery the dental medical system is. Service quality of dental institutes measured by SERVQUAL model and intention to re-visit.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge of dental hygienists about the elderly and their attitude toward them as dental hygienists played vital roles in oral health care for elderly patients. It's ultimately meant to help improve their right understanding of the elderly to provide quality oral health care service to the elderly population in preparation for an aging society. The subjects in this study were 241 dental hygienists, on whom a self-administered survey was implemented. After the collected data were analyzed, the following findings were given: They got a mean of $12.40{\pm}2.99$ out of possible 22 points on knowledge of the elderly. Their general characteristics and characteristics related to the elderly made no statistically significant differences to their knowledge. As for attitude toward the elderly, they got a mean of $3.13{\pm}0.28$. Concerning links between their general characteristics and attitude toward the elderly, the better-educated dental hygienists took a more favorable attitude to the elderly.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.353-359
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• 2008

To find out the relationship between the experience of clinical practice and the performance confidence, some 2nd and 3rd grade students in D health college who completed clinical practice in 2008. Sept. were surveyed. The results are as follows. 1. During the clinical practice of the dental hygiene students, the performance experience was highest in the basic prep. part among every part. As for the dental hygiene part, the students showed more than 70%, rather higher performance experience in the following parts: arrangement before and after treatment, suction, basic instruments setup, local anesthesia setup, extraction setup, resin filling setup, temporary filling setup, cements mixing, and ligation and removal setup. 2. As for performance confidence, those with performance experience showed higher performance confidence than those with only observation experience or with no experience in every treatment field except basic prep. (p < 0.001). 3. It was proven that the hygiene students have seldom had performance experience in other treatment parts except in assisting treatment part in clinical practice. In order to improve future performance experience on dental hygiene activities, subsequent research is needed to set more specific and objective criterion about the dental hygiene students' clinical practice.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

Purpose : Although using the high energy Photon beam with conventional Parallel-opposed beams radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, radiation-induced xerostomia is a troublesome problem for patients. We conducted this study to explore a new parotid gland sparing technique in 3-D conformal radiotherapy (3-D CRT) in an effort to prevent the radiation-induced xerostomia. Materials and Methods : We peformed three different planning for four clinically node-negative nasopharyngeal cancer patients with different location of tumor(intracranial extension, nasal cavity extension, oropharyngeal extension, parapharyngeal extension), and intercompared the plans. Total prescription dose was 70.2 Gy to the isocenter. For plan-A, 2-D parallel opposing fields, a conventional radiotherapy technique, were employed. For plan-B, 2-D parallel opposing fields were used up until 54 Gy and afterwards 3-D non-coplanar beams were used. For plan-C, the new technique, 54 Gy was delivered by 3-D conformal 3-port beams (AP and both lateral ports with wedge compensator; shielding both superficial lobes of parotid glands at the AP beam using BEV) from the beginning of the treatment and early spinal cord block (at 36 Gy) was peformed. And bilateral posterior necks were treated with electron after 36 Gy. After 54 Gy, non-coplanar beams were used for cone-down plan. We intercompared dose statistics (Dmax, Dmin, Dmean, D95, DO5, V95, VOS, Volume receiving 46 Gy) and dose volume histograms (DVH) of tumor and normal tissues and NTCP values of parotid glands for the above three plans. Results : For all patients, the new technique (plan-C) was comparable or superior to the other plans in target volume isodose distribution and dose statistics and it has more homogenous target volume coverage. The new technique was most superior to the other plans in parotid glands sparing (volume receiving 46 Gy: 100, 98, 69$\%$ for each plan-A, B and C). And it showed the lowest NTCP value of parotid glands in all patients (range of NTCP; 96$\~$100$\%$, 79$\~$99$\%$, 51$\~$72$\%$ for each plan-A, B and C). Conclusion : We conclude that the new technique employing 3-D conformal radiotherapy at the beginning of radiotherapy and cone down using non-coplanar beams with early spinal cord block is highly recommended to spare parotid glands for node-negative nasopharygeal cancer patients.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2006

Purose: This study is to evaluate the xerostomia following 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D CRT) in nasopharynx cancer patients using the xerostomia questionnaire score (XQS). Materials and Methods: Questionnaire study was done on 51 patients with nasopharynx cancer who received 3D CRT from Dec. 2000 to Aug. 2005. 3D CRT technique is based on 'serial shrinking field' concept by 3 times of computed tomography (CT) simulation. Total target dose to the primary tumor was 72 Gy with 1.8 Gy daily fractions. Xerostomia was assessed with 4-questions XQS, and the associations between XQS and time elapsed after RT, age, sex, stage, concurrent chemotherapy, and parotid dose were analyzed. Results: Concurrent chemotherapy was given to 40 patients and RT alone was given to 11 patients. The median time elapsed after 3D CRT was 20 ($1{\sim}58$) months and the mean XQS of all 51 patients was $8.4{\pm}1.9\;(6{\sim}14)$. XQS continuously and significantly decreased over time after 3D CRT ($X^2$=-0.484, p<0.05). There was no significant difference in XQS according to sex, age, and stag. However, XQS of concurrent chemotherapy patients was significantly higher than RT alone patients (P=0.001). XQS of patients receiving total mean parotid dose ${\ge}35 Gy$ was significantly higher than <35 Gy (p=0.05). Decreasing tendency of XQS over time after 3D CRT was observed. Concurrent chemotherapy and total mean parotid dose ${\ge}35 Gy$ were suggested to adversely affect radiation-induced xerostomia.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.247-256
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• 2008

The belief that stress leads to illness has a long history. A number of the orofacial disease are also closely associated with stress. Despite research in the relationship of stress and the orofacial diseases leading to statistically significant correlations, the pathology remains vague. In the present study, the expression of clusterin, a stress protein responsible for antiapoptosis and cytoprotection, under restraint stress condition was observed in the submandibular gland, one of the major salivary glands. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups: normal group and restraint stress group. The rats of restraint stress group were placed in the stress cages and then sacrificed at day 0, 3 and 5 day of the experiment. After that, the submandibular glands of all the rats were excised immediately. The levels of clusterin proteins and mRNA in the tissues were measured by immunohistochemistry and Northern blot analyses, respectively. The results were as follows: 1. In the immunohistochemistry, clusterin protein was detected only immediately after the application of restraint stress. 2. In the restraint stress group, at day 3 and 5, histologically apoptosis was induced with karyorrhectic and pyknotic changes. 3. By the restraint stress, acinic cells were destructed earlier than ductal cells. 4. In the Northern blot, mRNA of clusterin was expressed only immediately after the application of restraint stress. The overall results suggest that as an early response to stress, clusterin is expressed in the glands to protect the glandular cells from the stress. But if stress is so strong and prolonged that it can exceed the stress adaptability of the cells, then the cells may undergo apoptosis instead of producing clusterin. An Epidemiologic Study of Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders in Korean College Students.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.257-262
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• 2008

Purpose: Oral mucositis induced by radiotherapy to the head and neck area, is a common acute complication and is considered as the most severe symptom for cancer patients in the early stages of treatment. This study was proposed to establish the oral mucositis mouse model induced by a single dose of radiation for the facility of testing therapeutic candidates which can be used for the oral mucositis treatments. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: control, 16 Gy, 18 Gy, and 20 Gy. Oral mucositis was induced by a single dose of radiation to the head and neck using 6 MV x-Ray from linear accelerator. After irradiation, body weight and physical abnormalities were checked daily. Tongue tissues from all groups were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 14, respectively and H&E staining was conducted to examine morphological changes. Results: Body weight dramatically decreased after day 5 in all irradiated mice. In the 16 Gy treatment group, body weight was recovered on day 14. The histology data showed that the thickness of the epithelial cell layer was decreased by the accumulated time after radiation treatment, up to day 9. Severe ulceration was revealed on day 9. Conclusion: A single dose of 16 Gy is sufficient dose to induce oral mucositis in Balb/C mice. Significant changes were observed in the Balb/C mice on days 7 and 9 after radiation. It is suggested that this mouse model might be a useful standard tool for studying oral mucositis induced by radiation.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.342-349
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively investigate the survival and success rate of implant-supported fixed prosthesis according to the materials in the posterior area. Other purposes were to observe the complications and evaluate the factors affecting failure. Materials and methods: Patients who had been restored implant prosthesis in the posterior area by the same prosthodontist in the department of prosthodontics, dental hospital, Chonbuk National University, in the period from January 2011 to June 2018 were selected for the study. The patient's sex, age, material, location, type of prosthesis and complications were examined using medical records. The KaplanMeier method was used to analyze the survival and success rate. The Log-rank test was conducted to compare the differences between the groups. Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the association between potential risk factors and success rate. Results: A total of 364 implants were observed in 245 patients, with an average follow-up of 17.1 months. A total of 5 implant prostheses failed and were removed, and the 3 and 5 year cumulative survival rate of all implant prostheses were 97.5 and 91.0, respectively. The 3 and 5 year cumulative success rate of all implant prostheses were 61.1% and 32.9%, respectively. Material, sex, age, location and type of prosthesis did not affect success rate (P>.05). Complications occurred in the order of proximal contact loss (53 cases), retention loss (17 cases), peri-implant mucositis (12 cases), infraocclusion (4 cases) and so on. Conclusion: Considering a high cumulative survival rate of implant-supported fixed prostheses, regardless of the materials, implant restored in posterior area can be considered as a reliable treatment to tooth replacement. However, regular inspections and, if necessary, repairs and adjustments are very important because of the frequent occurrence of complications.