• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.35 no.6 s.113
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• pp.459-474
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• 2005

Making a precise and ideal set-up model is an essential part in the indirect bonding procedure for lingual orthodontic treatment. To evaluate the accuracy of the making a set-up model, 22 adult patients who received lingual orthodontic treatment with 4 bicuspid extractions were selected, and 3 sets of dental models (before, set-up, and after treatment) were measured using the set-up model gauge, an instrument for measuring the inclination and angulation of the clinical crowns on the dental model. Two sets of lateral cephalograms (before and after) from each patient were also evaluated. The mean difference between the before treatment model and the set-up model was $-3.93{\pm}6.98^{\circ}$ for the inclination and $1.87{\pm}5.79^{\circ}$ for the angulation. And the mean difference between the set-up model and the after treatment model was $-4.31{\pm}5.91^{\circ}$ labiolingually and $-2.16{\pm}3.27^{\circ}$ mesiodistally, The after treatment model differed from the before treatment model about $-8.24{\pm}5.39^{\circ}$ in inclination. There were no significant difference between the measured gauge that measured from the dental model using the set-up model gauge and the calculated gauge angle measured from the lateral cephalogram using constructed points and lines. Using the set-up model gauge, it is possible to evaluate the study model 3-dimensionally in relation with the patient's lateral cephalogram and establish whether the doctor's prescription or overcorrection is built in the set-up model precisely.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.3 s.68
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• pp.343-351
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the pretreatment and posttreatment dentofacial characteristics of non-extraction patients with Class I malocclusion. And to compare this result with matched non-orthodontic normal occlusion and Class I premolar extraction patients. Such comparison might help identify morphologic characteristics of the non-extraction patients. Initial and final cephalometric evaluation were compared in a sample of 22 patients with Class I malocclusions treated in non-extraction manner with edgewise appliance and MEAW The mean age of the total population was 14 years 9 months and the average treatment time was 2 years 8 months. 32 landmarks were located and digitized on each cephalogram. From these landmarks, 24 linear and angular dimension were obtained. Student's t-test were used to compare the pretreatment - posttreatment results, Nonextraction - Normal groups, and nonextraction Extraction groups. Significance was predetermined at $p{\leq}0.05$. The results were as follows. 1. Before treatment, the mean value of the $ODI\;was\;69.9^{\circ},\;APDI\;was\;82.1^{\circ},\;CF\;was\;152^{\circ},\;EI\;was\;152^{\circ}$ in the non-extraction groups. 2. The skeletal pattern of the non-extraction groups were similar with non-orthodontic normal groupsr, but the non-extraction groups had larger interincisal angle. 3. Comparison between groups treated with and without extraction indicated at pretreatment, the extraction groups had more protrusive lips, smaller interincisal angle, and EI. 4. After treatment, there was no significant changes in the skeletal pattern of the non-extraction groups, but uprighting of the maxillary and mandibular first molar and decrease of the interincisal angle were seen.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.154-163
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• 2011

Objective: The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate relapse tendency after orthodontic treatment and determine the contributing factors by using the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system (ABO-OGS). Methods: The subjects were 80 patients with more than 2 years of retention period after completing orthodontic treatment at the dental hospitals of Busan University, Kyunghee University, and Dankook University. The posttreatment (T2) and post-retention (T3) ABO-OGS measurements were analyzed in relation to age, gender, Angle's classification, extraction, retention period, and pretreatment condition (initial peer assessment rating (PAR) index, T1) by multiple regression analysis. Results: Among the 7 ABO-OGS criteria, alignment worsened but occlusal contact and interproximal contact improved in T3, but not in T2 ($p$ < 0.01). The 4 other criteria showed no significant differences. Multiple regression analysis showed that alignment, occlusal relationship, overjet, and interproximal contact were significant linear models, but with a low explanation power. Age, gender, Angle's classification, extraction, retention period, and pretreatment condition (initial PAR index, T1) had little influence on the ABO-OGS changes between T3 and T2. Conclusions: An orthodontist's understanding of posttreatment relapse tendency can be useful in diagnosis and during patient consultation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the actual condition and effectiveness of orthodontic treatment among some dental hygienists and students. This study was carried out from September to December, 2016 to describe the purpose of the study and the method of writing the questionnaire for some dental hygienists and students. The final 430 sections were analyzed and analyzed using PASW Statistics 18.0. First, the duration of orthodontic treatment was 34.4% for college students, 36.9% for orthodontic treatment for less than 2 ~ 3 years, and 62.3% for internal motivation. The factors affecting the orthodontic treatment effect were the patient's cooperativeness and the hospital's scale was the lowest. The higher the grade level, the more the clinical experience and dental part-time experience were, the higher the correlation between dental specialty and dental hygienist's medical service, education and counseling was .521(P<0.001). The higher the level of cooperation, the higher the grade level, the more dental treatment and orthodontic treatment experience, the lower the level of family co - operation. Therefore, it is important to emphasize the importance of cooperation of orthodontic patients and to develop a strategic program for each individual patient.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.45 no.7 s.458
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• pp.414-422
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• 2007

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2008

To establish the diagnosis and treatment plan for skeletal Class II malocclusion, patient's skeletal morphology, prognosis as well as the treatment effect is one of the important factor to consider. Therefore, the present study classified analyzed the difference between initial(T1) and after use of activator(T2), and after finish of direct multi-bonding system treatment(T3) for Class II malocclusion during growth period according to the treatment result(effective body length) and morphology of vertical skeletal type. The experimental group was classified into two groups(1 group, 2 group) according to the effective body length change between before and after use of activator, showed good treatment effect of activator for patient with small mandible and large differential between maxilla and mandible, and short anterior facial height. And the difference between 1 and 2 group in the experimental group before treatment(T1) disappeared in the finished treatment(T3). But in contrast, the initial difference of T1 stage between a and b group in the control group did not disappear in the finished treatment(T3). In short, experimental group's treatment effect was much better than contrast group and the treatment effect was maintained and got stable results at comparison experimental group with contrast group. Through this study, we can find activator's treatment effect and stable retention of that in growing Class II malocclusion patients. By estimate of activator treatment effect through these results, we can establish the correct diagnosis and treatment plan for adolescent Class II malocclusion estimate of activator treatment effect and lead the ideal facial growth pattern.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 1997

One of the strenuous problems in orthodontic procedures is postretention stability and retention against relapse. Many investigative trial had been done to disclose the factors associated with relapse and effective prescription to stave off, however, the nature of these jeopardies remained obscure. The objective was to investigate the long-term stability and quantitative changes of dental arches subsequently after Class I nonextraction treatment. Study models,cephalometric headfilms of 26 samples which were taken before, after teatment and postretention were employed to measure the interdental width of corresponding buccal teeth,overbite,overjet and the inclination of incisors and molars. Statistical analysis was carried to compare each measurements across the time period, and followings were brought around. 1. The quantitative amount of relapse in overbite presented positive correlation with the amount of changes through the treatment. 2. Stability of intercanine width was so far secure in the case the expansion had been done through. 3. The amount of changes in intercanine width of the lower regardless of expansion or contraction manifested less than the upper, however, the relapse ratio got high. 4. The upper and lower incisors were likely to be labioversive, and remained stable after retention. 5. The first molars of the upper and lower were conceivably tipped back immediately after treatment and returned to the original angulation. The expansion of intermolar width stayed stable across the time scheme after treatment It was suggested that the maintenance of intercanine width of lower was pertinent to perform the postretention stabilityv and the expansion of dental arch shoed be confined within physiologic boundaries of the patients.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.1 s.54
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• pp.105-111
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• 1996

Most of orthodontic cases are treated with extraction of certain teeth, which influence the pre-eruptive movement of the lower third molar The purpose of this study was to evaluate the positional change of lower third molar following orthodontic treatment. Pre- and post-treatment pantomograms of 163 orthodontic patients (77 nonextraction group, 78 first premolar- extraction group, 8 second molar- extraction group) were analyzed in terms of the mesiodistal and buccolingual angles of lower third molar. The results were as follows. 1. The change of the mesiodistal angle of lower third molar by orthodontic treatment was significant in second molar-extraction group. 2. The mesiodistal angle of lower third molar in pre-treatment was significantly correlated to the mesiodistal angle in post-treatment and/or the change of the mesiodistal angle by treatment. 3. The change of the buccolingual angle of lower third molar by orthodontic treatment was significant in non -extraction group or first premolar-extrction group. 4. The change of the buccolingual angle of lower third molar by treatment was significantly correlated to the mesiodistal angle in post-treatment, the change of the mesiodistal angle by treatment, the buccolingual angle in pre-treatment or the buccolingual angle in post-treatment.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.244-252
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• 2019

Proper positioning of maxillary incisors is key to success of surgery combined treatment. Establishing surgery plan would be a difficult job if maxillary incisors are lost. Patient who lost all of her maxillary incisors due to accident came for orthodontic treatment. Through careful modification of maxillary archform, pre-surgical orthodontic treatment was conducted with four prosthetic space consolidation. Position of incisors was decided by help of 3D prosthetic set-up, and 1-jaw surgery was planned. After relative short treatment period of 28 months, final prosthesis was done. When alveolar bone loss happens, harmonious prosthesis of upper incisors is difficult. Utilizing mandibular set-back surgery and incisor positioning using 3D set-up could make a better environment for treatment outcome. Strategic pre-surgical orthodontic treatment can allow shorter time and less number of prosthetics.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.383-392
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• 2009

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a slim bristled toothbrush compared with a V-shaped orthodontic toothbrush in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods: Thirty four orthodontic patients receiving edgewise treatment were randomly assigned to two groups, a slim bristled toothbrush (Nano silver slim care) and a V-shaped toothbrush (Oral-B). Plaque index, gingival index and bleeding index were recorded at the beginning of the study (baseline), 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks after new toothbrushes were supplied and the results were analyzed statistically. Results: No statistically significant differences were found for plaque index, gingival index and bleeding index between toothbrush groups during the 6 weeks. Plaque and gingival indices were decreased at 2 weeks and 4 weeks but increased at 6 weeks in both toothbrush groups. Bleeding index in the V-shaped toothbrush group showed the lowest value at 2 weeks then increased at 4 weeks and 6 weeks but in the slim bristled toothbrush group decreased from 2 weeks through 6 weeks to under baseline levels. Patients in their twenties had significantly lower values than teenagers in the slim bristled toothbrush group (p < 0.013). Conclusions: The results would suggest that both of the toothbrushes are equally effective but the use of a slim bristled toothbrush may be of benefit in promoting gingival health for fixed orthodontic appliance patients in their twenties and over.