• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.439-455
• /
• 2014

Korea-Japan trade has been trade deficit for a long time and therefore this matter must be a settled urgently for continuous economic growth of Korea. For reasons mentioned above, this study pays attention to Japan materials industry which has induced trade deficit in the Korea-Japan trade and this study analyzed competitiveness of Japan materials industry in the Korea market. This study special regard will be paid to the Compound and Chemical Products in Japan materials industry. For attaining the purpose of study, we collected related statistical data and Market Share Index, Trade Specialization Index and Market Comparative Advantage Index used in study methodology From this analysis, we found that most of Japan material products have competitiveness in Korea market and chemical products used in photography & photo sensitized materials, paint & printing ink products particularly have very strong competitiveness in Korea Market.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.97-112
• /
• 2012

This study aims to analyse determinants of payment balance of Korea, targeting 65 countries which concluded FTA with Korea in 2012 or are pursuing it with Korea( effectuation, agreement, negotiation and joint research). For an analysis model, economic and geographical variables of target countries were included in explanatory variables of the gravity model and divided values which indicate surpluses or deficits in trade with Korea were marked in dependent variables to perform a logistic analysis. If payment balance in trade between Korea and specific countries is a surplus, a value of 1 is given and if it is a deficit, a value of 0 is given. As a result of estimating the logit model, it was discovered that variables of GDP, GDP per person, total trade with trade partners, petroleum, landlocked countries and maritime powers were not statistically significant. However, variables of total trade, export dependency, import dependency, distance and mineral were statistically significant.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.25-58
• /
• 1987

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 해외여건 변화에 따른 우리나라 국제수지조정과정(國際收支調整過程)의 특징을 밝히며 아울러 이미 발표된 분기모형(分期模型) 추정기간(推定期間)을 1985년 제4분기까지 연장해 재추정한 결과를 보고하고 이를 이용해 해외여건 변화의 효과를 분석하고자 함에 그 목적이 있다. 국제수지(國際收支)의 변동(變動)을 요인별로 분화(分化)하여 보면 제1,2차 오일 쇼크 초기의 경상수지 악화는 유가급등(油價急騰)에 의한 교역조건 악화에 그 주인(主因)이 있다. 이후 경상수지 적자는 서로 다른 과정을 밟아 줄어들게 되는데 1976~77년의 경우 수출촉진(輸出促進)으로, 1981~82년의 경우 총수요조정(總需要調整)으로 국제수지 개선을 도모하였다. 이와 같이 양기간중 상이한 방법으로 적응한 것은 양기간중 해외여건이 서로 달랐기 때문이며 이 점에서 우리나라 국제수지의 조정도 여타 수출지향적(輸出指向的) 성장국(成長國)과 유사한 과정을 밟았다. 분기계량모형(分期計量模型)을 이용하면 제2차 오일 쇼크 기간에는 제1차 오일 쇼크 기간에 비해 유가(油價)가 상대적으로 덜 상승하였으나 해외수요(海外需要) 부진(不振), 달러강세(强勢) 및 고금리(高金利)로 해외여건은 전반적으로 우리 경제에 보다 불리하게 작용하였다. 1986년중 경상수지 흑자는 대부분 해외여건의 호전으로 설명되고 있다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.227-248
• /
• 2012

Technology trade balance of Korea takes only 19th place among the OECD members. As the size of the technology trade of Korea's market increases, the importance of the Intellectual Property Right, which is one of the way of dealing increases, too. 100 million dollar of technology export has a same effect as 16,000 million dollar of merchandise export, and technology export is a value-added business which does not cost at all. For the improvement of trade balance, we have to elevate the merchandise export and also we have to get rid of the trade conflict and china's pursuit of trade. Furthermore, we need to make improvements through import of Royalty and through technology export. In this study, We would like to suggest the improvement of technology trade balance of Korea by analyze the present conditions of technology trade balance of Korea.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.331-350
• /
• 2011

This paper analyzes balance of goods for a panel data of 56 industry classification in the MTI from 1980 to 2009. This study also develops the equilibrium adjustment process, which is a trade-off between the adjustment costs towards equilibrium costs for balance of goods and the cost of being in disequilibrium. In this framework, the GMM estimation procedure is used to estimate this dynamic panel model consistently. It is found that equilibrium balances of goods in Korean adjust to the speed is very slow to 0.0389. because of this is necessary to adjust the equilibrium goods balance as the cost of goods balance deficit is larger than by the cost. In addition, the real income elasticity for goods balance of resin in Japan and Korea, the real income elasticity 4.38168 and -0.835225, respectively, the marks were consistent with economic theory. The exchange rate elasticity of goods balance in japan to 0.478435 were found in the inelastic.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.31-52
• /
• 2013

The recent analyses of carbon emissions embodied in international trade are related with discussions on who is responsible for the carbon emissions causing global warming. Some authors insist that the countries importing carbon-intensive goods should share the responsibility with the suppliers of those goods. In order to determine which countries are net importers of carbon dioxide embodied in traded goods, we need to construct the multi-regional input-output (MRIO) model incorporating national input-output tables and data on bilateral trades. The paper calculates consumption-based as well as production-based inventories by using MRIO model whose global database is GTAP version 8 to get the picture of carbon footprints in international trades of Korea and other regions in the world.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.423-453
• /
• 2010

This study aims at quantifying potential economic effects on the Korean economy of a China-Korea FTA and a Japan-Korea FTA using a dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. Most of the previous studies on them used static CGE models. Key findings of this study are that a China-Korea FTA would lead to a higher increase in Korea's exports and economic growth than a Japan-Korea FTA and that both a China-Korea FTA and a Japan-Korea FTA would cause additional trade deficits to Korea, which would be minuscule compared to Korea' economic trade volume. Since potential economic impacts on Korea's industry output and exports by sector of a China-Korea FTA and a Japan-Korea FTA are forecast to be complementary, i.e., major sectors which would run trade deficits from a Japan-Korea FTA would run trade surpluses from a China-Korea FTA, a simultaneous pursuit of both a China-Korea FTA and a Japan-Korea FTA would be more desirable and beneficial to Korea. This study shows that a dynamic CGE model which can take explicit account of international capital mobility and ownership is required for more precise estimation of effects of the FTAs.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.419-448
• /
• 2008

The objective of this study is to conduct a quantitative assessment of potential impacts on the Korean economy of Agreement on Trade in Services Under the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Among the Governments of the Republic of Korea and the Member Countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations which was signed on 21 November 2007 using a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. Tariff equivalents of services were calculated on the basis of concessions made in the Agreement between Korea and ASEAN member countries. The empirical analysis shows that Korea is to get an additional gain in real GDP of 0.04 percent and in welfare of US$106 million, with an increase in per capita utility of 0.03 percent. Total exports and imports of Korea are to rise by US$179 million and $191 million, respectively, causing a trade deficit of $12 million. Korea's exports to ASEAN member countries will increase by $108 million and Korea's imports from them will rise by $278 million, giving rise to a trade deficit of $170 million.

• 해운
• /
• s.104
• /
• pp.9-23
• /
• 2013

세계경제는 올 2분기 이후 완만한 회복세를 보이고 있다. 선진국 국가부채 문제가 점차 조정되고 있기 때문에 미국, 유로존 등 선진국이 주도하는 세계경기 상승흐름은 내년까지 이어질 전망이다. 다만 세계경기가 회복되는 속도는 빠르지 않을 것으로 예상된다. 미국 양적완화 축소로 국제금리가 오르고 신흥국 및 기업의 자금조달 여건이 악화될 전망이다. 신흥국 자금유출은 내년에도 이어지면서 금융시장 불안요인이 될 것이다. 중국도 투자조정이 지속되면서 전반적으로 개도국 경제의 활력이 과거 경기 회복기만큼 높지 못할 전망이다. 세계경제 성장률은 올해 3.1%에서 내년 3.4%.로 완만한 상승이 예상된다. 세계경제가 회복되면서 국내경기도 상승흐름을 보일 전망이다. 하반기중 정부수요는 줄어들 것이지만 민간부문의 활력이 높아지면서 올해 연간 2.8% 수준의 성장세를 기록할 것으로 전망된다. 수출이 주도하는 경기회복세는 내년까지 이어질 것으로 보인다. 수출증가로 미루어두었던 설비투자가 재개되고 가계소비도 올해보다 증가율이 높아질 전망이다. 다만 국내경기 역시 회복 속도는 빠르지 않을 것이다 선진국 적자 축소 노력으로 자국생산이 강조되면서 세계교역 증가세가 과거만큼 높지 못할 것이다. 금리상승에 따른 가계부채 부담 증가 고령층 소비성향 저하는 소비회복을 제약하는 요인이다. 올해 큰 폭으로 반등했던 건설투자도 정부의 주택공급 축소방안, SOC 예산 삭감 등으로 내년에는 다시 둔화될 전망이다. 내년 국내경제 성장률은 3.6%. 수준에 그칠 것으로 예상된다. 수요확대에 따른 인플레 압력이 커지겠지만 국제원자재 가격이 안정되면서 소비지물가는 2%대 중반 수준을 기록할 전망이다. 고용사정도 올해보다 완만하게 개선되는데 그칠 것으로 보인다. 금리는 지속적인 상승세를 보이면서 기업 자금조달 여건을 어렵게 할 것이다. 경상수지 흑자는 올해 650억달러 수준으로 사상최고치를 기록한 후 내년에도 400억달러를 넘어설 전망이다. 이에 따라 미국 양적완화 축소에도 불구하고 원화는 절상기조를 지속해 내년 원화환율은 평균 달러당 1,060원 수준을 기록할 것으로 예상된다. 다음은 LG경제연구원에서 발표한 "2014년 국내외 경제전망"의 주요 내용을 정리한 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.138-147
• /
• 2007

An emergy concept was used to evaluate the environment and economy of the Han River basin in Korea and to suggest policy perspectives far the sustainable utilization of its environment and associated estuarine ecosystem. The economy of the basin used $5.19{\times}10^{23}\;sej/yr$ of emergy in 2005. The economy of the Han River basin was heavily dependent on outside energy sources from foreign countries and other parts of Korea, with internal sources, renewable and nonrenewable, contributing only 15.6% to the total emergy use. The basin's trade balance in terms of emergy showed trade surplus, whereas there was a deficit in monetary terms. The population of the Han River basin was far greater than the carrying capacity calculated using the emergy flow, with renewable carrying capacity only at 1.8% of the basin's population and developed carrying capacity at 14.3%. The economy of the basin imposed a substantial stress on its environment, with an environmental loading ratio of 54.8. Overall, the economy of the Han River basin was not sustainable with an emergy sustainability of 0.02. These are reflected in lower quality of living expressed in the emergy term than the national average. Deconcentration of population and economic activities is needed to reduce environmental stress on the environment of the basin and its valuable estuarine ecosystem. Policies to restore ecosystem productivity of the basin are also needed to ensure the sustainability of the basin's economic activities and the sustainable utilization of the Han River estuary. In this regard, it is urgently needed for the Korean government to implement sustainable management measures for the Han River estuary, a well-preserved, productive natural estuarine ecosystem in Korea.