• Title/Summary/Keyword: 교배율

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Hatching and Growing Performance of Three-Way Crossbreds of Korean Native Chickens (KNC) (한국토종닭 3원 교잡종의 부화 및 육성 능력)

  • Kang, Bo-Seok;Hong, Eui-Chul;Kim, Hak-Kyu;Yu, Dong-Jo;Park, Mi-Na;Seo, Bo-Young;Choo, Hyo-Jun;Na, Seung-Hwan;Seo, Ok-Suk;HwangBo, Jong
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.399-404
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    • 2010
  • This work was conducted to evaluate the hatching and growing performance of Korean native chicken (KNC) 3 strains crossbred. A total of 360 female pullets were produced from $\times$ (A), CL $\times$ C (B), CG $\times$ C (C) and CW $\times$ C (D) crossbred kept in National Institute of Animal Science, Korea. Hatchability of A, B, C and D were 69.8, 70.7, 75.5 and 77.4%, respectively. Livability were not significantly different by 20 weeks among 4 strains. Body weight B was high compared to other strains at 20 weeks. The feed conversion ratio of 4 strains was no significantly different among strains at 20 weeks. These results suggested the basic data that needed to develope the new strains.

Studies on the Application of Tissue Culture for Plant Breeding I. Effect of genotype and other combined factors on the callus induction and plant regeneration in anther culture of rice (농작물 조직배양의 육종학적 이용에 관한 연구 제1보 벼 약배양효율에 대한 유전자형과 다른 요인간의 복합효과)

  • Kim, K.H.;Rush, M.C.
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.425-430
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    • 1983
  • Rice (Oryza sativa L.) anthers collected from different genotypes were cultured to investigate the priority to increase callus production rate among several factors affecting on callus formation. Rice varieties, F$_1$ hybrids and F$_2$ plants differed greatly in their abilities to produce callus from anthers, and it was confirmed that the culturability of rice anther was a heritable characteristic. Cold shock treatment before plating anthers promoted callus formation rate, but combined effect with genotype having high culturability was more significant. The response to sucrose concentration in culture medium in callus induction rate was different between rice genotypes, but combined effect with genotype was not significant. Single supplement of NAA to R$_2$ medium increased callus production rate remarkably only in rice genotype having high culturability. Conclusively selection of genotypes is most important to increase callus initiation frequency from rice anthers.

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Selection of Cross Combination for Development New Cultivar of Low Temperature Tolerant in Strawberry (딸기 내저온성 품종육성에 적합한 교배조합 선발)

  • Lee, Sun Yi;Kim, Seung Yu;Kim, Dae Young;Jeong, Ho Jeong;Rho, Il Rae
    • Journal of agriculture & life science
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    • v.50 no.2
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 2016
  • In order to select excellent cross parents for development new cultivar of low temperature tolerant, combining ability was conducted by 24 cross combinations obtained from crosses between 'Dahong', 'Gamhong', 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang' as seed parents and 'Dahong', 'Gamhong', 'Maehyang', 'Sugyeong', 'Sunhong', 'Wongyo 3111' as pollen parents. The results showed that two cultivars of 'Dahong', 'Gamhong' were not suitable for seed parents. Because average fruit weight in case of 'Dahong' as a seed parent was the tendency to become the smallest in total cross combinations, survival ratio in case of 'Gamhong' as a seed parent was the lowest in total cross combinations. And fruit hardness in case of 'Sunhong' as a pollen parent was the tendency to low, incidence of malformed fruit in case of 'Sugyeong' as a pollen parent was the tendency to be increased. Therefore, two cultivars of 'Sunhong', 'Sugyeong' was also not suitable for pollen parents. But In case of 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' as seed parents, germination percent and survival rate were relatively higher than other seed parents, fruit quality and yield had also excellent. Therefore, there could be selected to 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' as seed parents and 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang', 'Wongyo3111' as pollen parents. Especially, the crosses 'Maehyang' × 'Seolhyang', 'Seolhyang' × 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang' × 'Wongyo3111' were suitable for cross combination for development new cultivar of low temperature tolerant to be demonstrated the excellence as cross parents in sugar contents, fruit weight, fruit hardness and yield.

In Vitro Culture of Immature Embryo Obtained by Crossing between Tetraploid Grape 'Fujiminori' and Triploid 'Summer Black' (포도 4배체 '후지미노리'와 3배체 '썸머블랙'의 교배로 얻은 미숙배의 기내배양)

  • Koh, Jae Chul;Oh, Ju Eun
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.352-358
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    • 2013
  • For the germination and differentiation of immature embryos obtained by artificial crossing between tetraploid grape 'Fujiminori' (Vitis vinifera ${\times}$ V. labruscana) and triploid 'Summer Black' (V. labruscana ${\times}$ V. vinifera), were incubated in vitro using MS medium supplemented with $GA_3$ or coconut water (CW) at various concentrations. The percentage of embryo formation of 'Fujiminori' ${\times}$ 'Summer Black' was 64.3%. Embryo germination percentage was higher than 95% in all the $GA_3$ treatments at the concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.25, and $1.25mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. However, only 15.8-31.6% of the germinated embryos successfully developed into normal plantlets. At higher concentration of $GA_3$, the plantlets developed infirm hypocotyls with over elongated and less enlarged structure. Among the treatments of CW at the concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 20% (v/v), 10% and 15% were more effective and plantlet achievement percentage were 68.4 and 66.7%, respectively. The addition of 10% CW was most effective to obtain plantlets with optimal shoot length, node and root numbers. 15% CW was suitable to obtain plantlets with longer roots. Accordingly, the embryo culture using the MS medium supplemented with 10-15% CW was observed to be more efficient for germinating and growing the immature embryos produced from artificial crossing between tetraploid grape 'Fujiminori' and triploid 'Summer Black'.

Effect of Mating System, Carcass Grade and Age at Marketing on Carcass Characteristics of Pigs (돼지의 교배조합·도체등급 및 출하일령이 도체특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Gye-Woong;Kim, Seok-Eun
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.51 no.1
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    • pp.69-74
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    • 2009
  • This study was carried out to investigate the carcass characteristics of crossbred pigs according to mating system, carcass grade and age at marketing. A total of 656 pigs of 128 gilts and 528 barrows were collected and analyzed at public slaughter house. Differences between LY and LYD crossbred on marbling score and water holding capacity were significantly (p<0.05) found. The influences of LY and LYD crossbred on carcass weight, backfat thickness, meat colour, carcass grade and age at marketing were not significantly showed. The carcass weight of D carcass grade was significantly (p<0.05) heavier than that of the other grade. The backfat thickness was significantly (p<0.05) appeared gradually in accordance with the increase of carcass grade. There was significantly difference among the carcass grades on water holding capacity (p<0.05). The differences among the carcass grades on the meat colour, marbling score and age at marketing were not found significantly. The carcass weight of high age group at marketing was significantly heavier than that of the low age group (p<0.05). The backfat thickness of the group of high age at marketing was significantly thicker than that of the group of low age (p<0.05). There were significant differences among age group at marketing in marbling score, carcass grade, and water holding capacity, respectively (p<0.05). The carcass weight was positively correlated with the backfat thickness but negatively correlated with the carcass grade. The correlation between the backfat and carcass grade was significantly negative. The meat colour was negatively correlated with water holding capacity.

Classification and Selection of the Breeding Materials in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori, by Multivariate Analysis 2. Combining Ability and its Pre-estimate for the Top Cross Set made from the Silkworm Parental Lines Selected by Principal Component Analysis. (다변량 해석법에 의한 누에 육종소재의 탐색 2. 주성분 SCORE에 의하여 분류된 주요잠품종간의 TOP 교잡에 의한 조합능력 검정과 예측)

  • 정도섭;이인전;이상몽;김삼은
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.17-30
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    • 1990
  • A 6${\times}$4 top-cross set was made from the ten silkworm parental lines selected by the first principal component scores. They were also analysed for the relationship between the combining ability and the first principal component score. The highest general combining ability effects were detected in the parental lines of Japanese, N39 and chinese, C46, for the most quantitative characters in the study. The first principal component score of factors related to silk productivity in the parents was significantly and positively correlated to the general combining ability of the twelve characters such as cocoon yield, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell percentage, duration of the 5th instar larvae, total larval period, length of a bave, weight of a have, non-breaking length of a bave, non-breaking weight of a have, raw silk percentage, and neatness. Similarity distance (D$^2$) was related to the specific combining ability of the characters such as cocoon yield, non-breaking length of a bave, non-breaking weight of a have, non-breaking ratio of a bave, raw silk percentage, neatness. From the results, it is possible to predict the general combining ability effects by the principal component scores for the 12 characters of the parents related to silk productivity.

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Real Coded Genetic Algorithm On n-Dimensional Sphere (n차원 구면상에서의 실수 코딩 유전 알고리즘)

  • Kim, Jin-Hyun;Moon, Byung-Ro
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2010.06a
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    • pp.125-129
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구에서는 실수 코딩을 사용하는 유전 알고리즘의 문제공간이 n차원 구면으로 제한된 경우에 사용 할 교배 연산자와 변이 연산자를 제안하고, 이를 실제로 사용한 실험 결과를 제시한다. n차원 실수 공간에서 일반적으로 사용되는 연산자를 n차원 구면에 사영하는 방법을 사용하였으며, 해의 범위가 제한된 경우에 사용할 해의 수선 방법도 제안하였다. 제안된 연산자를 사용하며 몇 가지 최적화 문제를 푸는 실험을 한 결과 평균 오차율 2.0%내에서 최적해를 구함을 확인하였다.

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Ecological Evolution by Competitive Exclusion / An Experimental Approach with Cellular Slime Mold , Polysphondylium pallidum (경쟁배타에 의한 생태적 진화: 세포성 점균 Polysphondylium pallidum에 대한 실험적 접근)

  • ;Robert M. Eisenberg
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.299-310
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    • 1994
  • Intraspecific clonal interactions have important influences on a population structure of the cellular slime mold (CSM). This study was to investigate whether or not evolutionary change in a population could be induced by clonal competition, and to elucidate how various clones in a population evolve in a homogeneous environment of laboratory culture. The characteristic clones of Polysphondylium pallidum which had different resource consumption rates (RCR) and mating types I and II were selected for study. Investigation was conducted for 4 experimental time interval $(T_0-T_4)$; one experimental time interval took almost 10-14 days from inoculation to havest of fruiting bodies. Two sets of 50 clones were cultured from 50 clones at To, and RCR variations of the population were compared between $(T_0\;and\;T_4)$ for each set of clones. Each clone of the CSM had a diverse resource consumption rate, or growth rate, in a homogeneous and limited Cerophyl agar plate despite the passage of 48-56 generations from the beginning of the experiment. Diverse clones with different growth rate could coexist in one site of the homogeneous agar plate as well as heterogeneous soil microenvironment. When there was high clonal diversity of RCR, a clone in a population had high chances to encounter other clones with resultant increased clonal competition. In one set, 26 of 37 clones of mating type I were changed to mating type Il for the 4 experimental time intervals, which indicated that the rate of competitive exclusion among clones during total experiment from $(T_0\;to\;T_4)$ was 0.703. In another set, 31 of 37 clones of mating type I were changed to mating type II , having the rate of competitive exclusion 0.838. The frequency of each of mat~ng types changed by 0.93-1.29% in each successive generation. The competitive exclusion among clones occurred by 1.26-1.75% when approximately $2.6{\times}10^8$ bacterial cells were provided as food and thereafter one generation of myxamoebae of CSM elapsed at room temperature. This finding implicated that in the vegetative state of P, pallidurn there was 1.26-1.75% probabil~ty of evolutionary change per generation changing from one clone to another clone.

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The Study on Production and Performance of Crossbred Korean Native Chickens (KNC) (토종 순종계를 이용한 토종닭 생산 및 생산성 연구)

  • Park, Mi-Na;Hong, Eui-Chul;Kang, Bo-Seok;Kim, Hak-Kyu;Seo, Bo-Young;Choo, Hyo-Jun;Na, Seung-Hwan;Seo, Ok-Suk;Han, Jae-Yong;HwangBo, Jong
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.347-354
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    • 2010
  • The current work was carried out to investigate the effect of crossbred Korean native chickens (KNC) on performance and carcass ratio. Seven hundred twenty 1-d-old chicks were divided into groups by strain (A, B, C and D) and sex (male and female). Strains were A) (KNC egg-meat type C strains $\times$ KNC meat type S strains) $\times$ KNC meat type H strains, B) (KNC egg-meat type C strains $\times$ KNC meat type H strains) $\times$ KNC meat type S strains, C) (KNC native R strains $\times$ KNC meat type S strains) $\times$ KNC meat type H strains and D) (KNC native L strains $\times$ KNC meat type H strains $\times$ Ross broiler. Experimental diets consisted of 3 phases such as starter(0~5 weeks; CP 20.0%, ME 3,050 kcal/kg), earlier (5~8 weeks; CP 18.0%, ME 3,100 kcal/kg) and finisher (8~12 weeks; CP 16.0%, ME 3,150 kcal/kg). Body weight (BW) and feed intake (FI) was measured every week and carcass ratio(CR) was calculated at 5 and 10 week after starting experiment. There was no difference in BW among strains until 5 weeks (P>0.05), however D strain resulted in a higher BW after 5 weeks (P<0.05). Body weight gain (BWG) and FI in D strain were also significant higher compared to the other strains for all periods. However, D strains showed the lowest (P<0.05) fee conversion ratio (FCR). The other strains except D showed a similar BW, BWG, FI and FCR among strains. In addition, there were no differences in carcass weight (CW) and carcass ratio (CR) among strains at 5 weeks, however D strain showed higher CW and CR at 10 weeks. These results suggested the basic data that needed to develope the new strains.

Comparison of Productivity and Temperature type of fruiting body of Lentinula edodes strains on the Sawdust Cultivation (표고 톱밥재배용 교배균주의 자실체 온도형 및 생산성 비교)

  • Noh, Jong-Hyun;Koo, Chang-Duk;Park, Heung-Soo;Ko, Han-Gyu
    • Journal of Mushroom
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.294-300
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    • 2015
  • We cultivated 117 hybrid strains of Lentinula edodes in greenhouse. 5 hybrid strains(07-55, 07-66, 07-84, 07-93 and 07-117) were selected from comparison of their characteristics of fruiting body and productivity. Biological efficiency of 5 hybrid strains was investigated 36.1(07-66), 35.6(07-117), 27.1(07-93), 25.7(07-84) and 6.5%(07-55), respectively. Selected strains 07-66, 07-117 and 07-93 showed high biological efficiency but observed commercially low quality fruiting body. Temperature type of fruiting body of 5 hybrid strains observed as follows high temperature type(07-117), mid temperature type(07-66 and 07-84) and low temperature type(07-55 and 07-93). Temperature type of fruiting body of 07-93 strain has wide range relatively. In the results, 07-84 strain was selected finally with consideration for quality of fruiting body, productivity and temperature type($8-21^{\circ}C$) in farm test.