• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2000

Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) used as a spice or fruit vegetable has been transplanted for cultivation to accompany the production of its seedlings in general. The experiment was done to measure the effect of its cultivars (Daemyng; Wanggochu), priming (chemicals; concentration; period), light quality (red; far-red; blue; dark) during priming, and germination temperature (25 or 15$^{\circ}C$ constant; 25/15$^{\circ}C$ alternating) on the rate of germination done under incandescent lamps until 9 days after sowing. Seed germination was better when primed with Ca(NO$_3$)$_2$ than with KNO$_3$. Priming for 6 to 12 days using the former chemical enhanced the final germination rate and shortened the elapsed days to 50% germination, $T_{50}$, compared to no-priming. Under $25^{\circ}C$ constant germination temperature, primed seeds at darkness or far-red light showed the highest rate until 5 days after sowing or the lowest one since 7 days after sowing, respectively. The germination response at 25/15$^{\circ}C$ alternating temperature did not followed the lowest rate of 15$^{\circ}C$ constant germination temperature but inclined to that of $25^{\circ}C$ constant recorded the greatest one. Under 3 germination temperature red light treated during priming elevated the rate since 7 days after sowing compared to the other light treatments, and the germination rate of each cultivar was affected by no-priming or priming, light quality during priming. which imply their interaction to the seed germination.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association for Survey Research Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.91-113
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• 2005

본 연구는 청년들의 취업 및 실업 경험이 정신건강에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 종단적으로 알아보는 데 목적이 있다. 구체적으로 대학을 졸업하고 난 이후에 지속적으로 미취업 상태로 남아있는 사람들의 정신건강의 문제 그리고 취업에 성공하는 경험이 정신건강에 미치는 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 한다. 이를 위해서 국내 대학교 4학년생들을 대상으로 1차 조사를 실시하고 이후 약 6개월 간격으로 2차 조사, 3차 및 4차 조사를 실시하였다. 네 시점에서 모두 응답자들의 취업여부와 정신건강 수준을 측정하였다. 4차 조사까지 모두 응답한 560명 중에서 2차, 3차, 및 4차 시점의 취업여부에 의해서 집단을 다음과 같이 나누었다: 2차, 3차 및 4차 시점 순서대로, 모두 취업 상태인 집단('취업-취업-취업 집단'), 3차 시점에서 취업에 성공한 집단('미취업-취업-취업 집단'), 4차 집단에서 취업에 성공한 집단('미취업-미취업-취업집단') 그리고 모두 미취업 상태인 집단('미취업-미취업-미취업 집단'). 그 결과를 보면, 취업-취업-취업 집단의 경우에는 취업에 성공한 2차 시점에서 정신건강 수준이 상당히 좋아졌다가 3차 및 4차 시점에서 다시 본래 수준으로 돌아가는 경향을 보였다. 미취업-취업-취업 집단의 경우에는 취업에 성공한 3차 시점 이후로, 미취업-미취업-취업 집단의 경우에는 취업에 성공한 4차 시점에서 정신건강 수준이 좋아지는 경향을 보였다. 지속적으로 미취업 상태였던 집단에서는 3차 시점에서 정신건강 수준이 상당히 나빠졌다가 여전히 미취업 상태인 4차 시점에서 오히려 완화되는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점 및 장래 연구의 과제가 논의되었다.iments and numerical analysis of luminescence efficiency in the hole carrier transport layer's thicknes. 나아갈 것이며, 아울러 향후에도 아직 미흡한 분야인 IT 아웃소싱에서 적정수준의 대가지급 방안 및 바람직한 Relationship 에 영향을 미치는 여러 가지 요인에 대해서도 살펴 봄으로써 IT분야의 Outsourcing을 검토하거나, 추진할 때 도움이 될 수 있도록 하고자 한다.개의 총 297개의 데이터를 추출하여 사용하였다. 실험과는 좌측공격 91.7%, 우측공격 100%, 중앙공격 87.5%, 코너킥 97.4%, 프리킥 75%로서 매우 양호한 인식율을 보였다. 사용경험정도가 가입직후 해지에만 영향을 미치는 요인임을 보여준다. 또한 매체의 정보전달 풍부성 (media richness)이 상대적으로 높은 소매점이나 웹사이트를 통해 서비스에 가입한 소비자일수록 가입 직후뿐만 아니라 서비스사용 이후에도 낮은 해지성향을 나타냈다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 인터넷전화 서비스에 적합한 고객지원 프로그램 설계와 마케팅 매체선정과 관련한 전략적 시사점을 도출한다. 그리고 국내에서 최근 이슈가 되고 있는 차세대 무선인터넷 서비스인 와이브로 출시에 따른 마케팅 및 고객관리와 관련된 시사점을 논의한다.는 교합면에서 2, 3, 4군이 1군에 비해 변연적합도가 높았으며 (p < 0.05), 인접면과 치은면에서는 군간 유의차를 보이지 않았다 이번 연구를 통하여 복합레진을 간헐적 광중합시킴으로써 변연적합도가 향상될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.시장에 비해 주가가 비교적 안정적인 수준을 유지해 왔다고 볼

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate recognition and activation plan of community-based rehabilitation(CBR) by occupational therapists(OTs) in community rehabilitation center(CRC) and hospitals/clinics(HC) in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam province. Method : Frequency analysis, independent t-test and chi-squared test were performed with the SPSS 12.0 statistics package program. Result : CRC-OTs and HC-OTs were not significantly different in recognition was not significantly different in both groups. The need for involvement of OTs in CBR was very high in both groups. The suggested field for OTs in CBR were counseling for rehabilitation & information-providing, home-visiting rehabilitation, vocational rehabilitation, assistive device rental, education for disability prevention. It is required to establish CBR networking consisting of educational institutions for rehabilitation experts, local rehabilitation hospitals and clinics, and local government agencies as well as CRC and public health centers. Conclusion : CBR is recognized well by OTs in both CRC and HC and the involvement of OTs in CBR is highly needed by them. Activation plan for occupational therapy in CBR requires systemic and legal improvements.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.1247-1255
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• 2013

In this paper, We proposes multipurpose function electronic measurement reference station prototype system based on LED and Gyro Sensor. This system have developed to possible with real time data collection and landscape illumination and surrounding diastrophism monitoring for that analyze problems of existing planted reference station. Hardware for the proposed system consists of a gyro sensor module to detect diastrophism, GPS module to process location information, environment sensor module to process surrounding environmental data and CDMA wireless data communication to send the collected data to server. In addition, this paper intends to enhance system management and future usability in a way that applies LED, QR-code, RFID and Solar cell module to outer side of electronic measurement reference station to improve usability of H/W for electronic measurement reference station. Lastly, this paper conducted current amount evaluation to supply stabilized electricity with its various functions in the proposed multipurpose function electronic measurement reference station and it's proved that this system can be stably operated with its electricity loss factor of 2.29% loss factor. And this paper conducted a qualitative comparison with existing electronic measurement reference station system in order to evaluate superiority of the proposed electronic measurement reference station.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.38 no.10 s.159
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• pp.841-849
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• 2005

Two-phase flows, e.g. sediment-laden flow and bubbly flow, have two different flow profiles; flow velocity and sediment velocity. To measure velocity distributions of two-phase flows, it is necessary to use sophisticated instruments which can separate velocity profiles of two-phases. For bubbly flows, PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) or PTV (Particle Tracking Velocimetry) has given fairly good velocity profiles of two-phases. However, for sediment-laden flows, the applications of PIV or PTV has not been so successful, because the sediment particles introduced to the flow kept the images from being analyzed. A new algorithm, which consists of several image analysis methods, is proposed to analyze sediment-laden flows. For detection algorithm, threshold method, edge detection method, and thinning method are adapted, and for finding matching pair PIV and PTV routines are combined. The proposed method can (1) detect sediment particles with irregular boundaries, (2) remove reflected images and scattered images, and (3) discriminate tracer particles from reflected images of sediment particles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.87-100
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• 2016

This research was performed for the purpose of providing useful and base data and preservation strategy of growth characteristics of Rhododendron micranthum. From the result of research, wild growth area of Rhododendron micranthum was discovered near steep forest road on 695~901m in altitude above sea level of Baekdu-daegan National Arboretum. Vegetation colony structure of Site I was resulted in Pinus densiflora(tree stratum M.I.P.=45.3%) is dominants, Betula schmidtii(arborescent M.I.P.=9.8%) is second dominant, and Site III resulted in Pinus densiflora(tree stratum M.I.P.=30.5%) is dominants, Betula schmidtii(arborescent M.I.P.=10.3%) is second dominant. Site II resulted in Betula schmidtii(arborescent M.I.P.=30.4%) is dominants and Pinus densiflora tree(tree stratum M.I.P.=8.3%) is second dominants. For herbs, it was researched that the rate of one year herb of chrysanthemum family(10), rice family(3), sedge(2) was higher than near forest area. Among Species diversity index, that of Shannon was in range of 0.7348~1.1090. After comparing this with similar area, this value was relatively low. Dominance analysis result was analyzed that various groups are evenly distributed. Monthly highest average temperature is $23.9^{\circ}$ in Site A and Site B, and monthly lowest average temperature is $-4.5^{\circ}C$ in Site I and $-4.7^{\circ}C$ in Site II. Monthly maximum average humidity is 85.6% in Site I and 83.2% in Site II. Monthly minimum average humidity is 60.9% in Site I and 60.8% in Site II and it showed that these 2 area are located far away but have similar temperature and humidity characteristic and climate environment is similar. It was analyzed that humidity is high with the result of annual average humidity is over 60%. In growth characteristic, it showed that doubt damage of Stephanitis pyrioides, exposure of roots, peeled bark was discovered and supplement on this is urgent.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.75-112
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• 2006

We found following evidences from our empirical analysis with the Workplace Panel Survey data of the Korea Labor Institute with reference to 'discord hypothesis' which insists that employee participatory high performance work practices would strengthen not only an enterprise focus in labor-management relations but also the enterprise unionism in the labor union system or collective bargaining structures, so they would probably come into conflict with the superenterprise-oriented industrial solidarity spirit in labor unionism. First, even though there are significant positive management performance effects of high performance work practices, especially in case of mining and manufacturing industries, the positive performance effects of employee participatory work practices such as job rotation ratio of workers and 6-sigma activities were much strengthened relatively in case of non-unionized establishments. Second, the superenterprise-oriented collective bargaining system is also found to give very strong and statistically significant negative performance effects to the introduction and implementation of work teams and performance-related payment systems such as profit sharing, group incentive pay system and so on. Although there are some careful reservations in interpreting the results of our analysis because of data insufficiency, they may have important implications that the industrial labor unionism or the superenterprise-oriented collective bargaining practices exercise the bargaining power to make individual firms be negative or feel it nearly impossible to introduce the employee participatory work practices which can be very favorable to improving those management performance.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1335-1342
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• 2014

Shallow water depths were estimated using Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI)-1500 and mapped to analyze the bottom bathymetry changes due to the rip currents in Haeundae beach, South Korea for the first time. The depths were estimated empirically using the maximum reflectances from 420nm to 597nm wavelength of CASI and 47 in situ water depth measurements, which were compared with ground-truth bathymetry measurements. The comparisons showed that the RMSE was 1.1m with a correlation coefficient of 0.76. In addition, CASI imagery showed remarkably detailed bottom features, especially those resulting from the rip currents within the beach. Two different channels carved by the rip current were analyzed and characterized with respect to the width and slope compared to surrounding regions. While the west side of the channel showed a wide and gentle slope, the east side of the channel showed a narrow and steep slope. The estimated bathymetry map revealed that the uneven offshore bottom features were related to the transport and accumulation of sediments by the rip current, which reaches hundreds of meters offshore. Accordingly, the accumulated sediments were estimated by adding topography changes compared to the depths of the non-rip current regions. The sediments were accumulated in off channels as much as almost twice the amount of annual sand supplements along the Haeundae beach.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.227-231
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• 2005

To provide basic data necessary to develop an efficient sealant project as a public oral health project, this study applied a sealant through a photodimerization method to first-graders from public primary schools in the Dong-gu Health Center in Incheon and conducted a survey on favor and knowledge of the sealant project with their parents and, consequently, obtained the following results. 1. 84.7% of the parents knew a sealant and most of them got the knowledge from a dental clinic (35.7%) or a school (31.6%). 2. A large majority of respondents (86.2%) were satisfied with sealant application; many parents (75.8%) checked for maintenance of the sealant; and 75.6% demanded reexamination after sealant application. 3. As factors associated with acceptance of a sealant, high recognition of a sealant, much experience of visiting a dental clinic, and parents' great concern about children's dental health were related to high sealant application. To put the results together, it is desirable to develop the sealant project by the Dong-gu Health Center in Incheon actively as a public oral health project.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.11-11
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• 2000

이동통신기술의 급격한 발달로 고주파회로의 packaging과 interconnect 기술의 고성능화 와 저가격화에 대한 새로운 도전이 요구되고 있다‘ 대부분 기존의 무선통신 부품은 P PCB(Printed Wiring Board)기술을 활용하고 있으나 이러한 기술이 점차로 고주파화되는 경 향을 만족시킬수 없어 새로운 고주파 부품기술이 요구되고 있는 실정이다 .. RF 회로를 구성 하기 위하여 PCB소재의 환경적, 치수안정성 문제를 극복하기 위하여 L TCC(Low T Temperature Cofired Ceramics)기술이 최근 주목을 받고 있다. 차세대 이동통신 기술은 수십 GHz 이상의 고주파특성이 우수하고, 고성능의 초소형의 부품을 저가격으로 제조할수 있으며, 시장의 변화에 기민하게 대처할수 있는 기술이 요구되 고 있으며, 이러한 기술적 필요성에 부합할수 있도록 LTCC 기술이 제안되었다. 이러한 C Ceramic Interconnect 기술은 높은 신뢰성을 바탕으로 fine patterning 기술과 저가의 m metallizing 기술로 가능하게 되었다. 초고주파 통신부품기술은 미국과 유럽 등을 중심으로 G GHz 대역또는 mm wave 대역의 기술에 대하여 치열한 기술개발 경쟁을 벌이고 있으며, 이 러한 고주파 패키징 기술을 바탕으로 미래의 군사, 항공, 우주 및 이동통신 기술에 지대한 영향을 미칠수 있는 기반기술로 자리잡을 전망이다. L LTCC 기술은 기존의 후막혼성기술에 비하여 공정이 단순하고 대량생산이 가능하고 가 격이 비교적 저렴하다. 또한 다층구조로 제작할수 있고, 수동소자를 내장할수 있어 회로의 소형화와 고밀도화가 가능하다. 특히 무선으로 초고속 정보를 처리하기 위하여 이동통신기 기의 고주파화가 빠르게 진행됨에 따라서 고분자재료에 비하여 고주파특성이 우수할뿐아니 라 환경적, 치수안정성이 우수한 세라믹소재플 사용함으로써 고주파 손실율을 저감할 수 있 다 .. LTCC 기술은 후막회로 기술과 tape dielectric 기술이 결합된 기술이다. 표준화된 소재 와 공정기술을 활용하여 저가격으로 고성능소자플 제작할 수 있으며, 전극재료로서 높은 전 도도를 갖고 있는 Ag, Cu, Au 및 Pd! Ag릎 사용함으로써 고주파 손실을 저감시킬 수 있다. L LTCC 기술이 최종적으로 소형화, 고기능 고주파 부품기술로 지속적으로 발전하기 위하여 무수축(Zero shrinkage) 소성기술, 광식각 후막기술 등이 원천기술로서 확립될 수 있어야 하 며, 특히 국내의 이동통신 기술에 대한 막대한 투자에도 불구하고 차세대 이동통신 부품기 술에 대한 개발은 상대적으로 미흡한 실정이므로 국내에 LTCC 관련 소재공정 및 부품소자 기술에 대한 개발투자가 시급히 이루워져야 할 것으로 판단된다. 본 발표에서는 지금까지 국내외 LTCC 기술의 발전과정을 정리하였고, 현재 이 기술의 응용과 소재와 공정을 중심으로한 개발현황에 대하여 조사하였으며, 앞으로 LTCC가 발전 해야할 방향을 제시하고자 한다.