• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.469-473
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• 2019

Medial knee joint pain is a common problem in the field of orthopedics. In these patients, a high resolution ultrasound examination can reveal medial collateral ligament (MCL) bursitis, meniscal cyst, degeneration changes to the MCL and meniscal protrusion etc. Prolotherapy is effective in these patients. The author performed prolotherapy for MCL bursitis of the knee joint, and confirmed the disappearance of the bursitis using high resolution ultrasound.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.50-57
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• 2008

The anatomy which is the systemic understanding of a structure and the physical examinations which is the functional assessment of its role comprise the fundamental capability for a clinician providing medial care to the knee. This article provides the basic anatomy of the bones, meniscus, anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, medial and lateral collateral ligaments, muscles, medial and lateral 3 layer concept, anterior and posterior aspect of the knee, bursae around the knee, and the physical examinations of the meniscus, medial and lateral collateral ligament, anterior and posterior cruciate ligament with posterolateral corner. The conceptual and systemic understanding of the anatomy and the physical examinations of the knee would be a compass or lighthouse for the physician providing medical care to the knee.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2005

Purpose: To investigate the arthroscopic findings, and to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the treatment of posterior internal impingement of the shoulder in baseball players. Materials and Methods: We followed up 5 cases who were diagnosed as posterior internal impingement for the mean 15 months. All of the cases complained of the pain in the posterior shoulder at late cocking, and were positive in the relocation test added by hyper-horizontal abduction at $120^{\circ}$ abduction of the arm. We sutured posterior labral tear and SLAP lesion arthroscopically, and conducted debridement for rotator cuff. Three cases were performed of anterior capsular plication and the other two were performed of thermal capsular shrinkage. Pain, range of motion, and level of return to sports activity were assessed for the results. Results: As to the arthroscopic findings, all the five cases showed the fraying in posterosuperior labrum, and two of them was accompanied with the flap tear in posterosuperior labrum and the other one was accompanied with type 2 SLAP lesion. All the cases showed the fraying in supraspinatus, and one case showed partial tear. Meanwhile, in all the cases, the rotator cuff was impinged to the labrum at $90^{\circ}{\sim}120^{\circ}$ of abduction and external rotation. As to the postoperative results, all the cases did not complain of pain or instability while pitching, and the competition was recovered to be the mean 88%($80{\sim}100%$) of that before the injury. Conclusion: Definite diagnosis for the posterior internal impingement would be possible through arthroscopic examination. Favorable outcomes could be obtained with capsular plication or shrinkage for anterior microinstability and stretching exercise for posterior capsule tightness inducing the internal impingement.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 2008

Purpose: To evaluate the bursoscopic findings of refractory primary adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder and to determine the clinical correlation. Materials and Methods: Arthroscopic capsular release was performed in 21 refractory adhesive capsulitis patients who had not responded to conservative treatment. The VAS for pain, range of motion, UCLA score was checked before and after surgery, and at the last follow up. Results: Bursitis, mild friction and impingement on coracoacromial ligament, as well as adhesion were observed. The function and pain improved earlier than after simple acromiohumeral joint capsular release. Conclusion: Subacromial bursoscopy helps rule out a hidden secondary frozen shoulder or secondary changes with primary adhesion. In addition, it has the advantage of being both a treatment and procedure for making a prognosis.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.154-158
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• 2000

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to demonstrate changes in the orientation ortho glenohumeral ligaments(GHL) in different degrees of abduction and rotation of the normal healthy individuals. Materials and Methods : Saline Magnetic Resonance(MR) arthrography of nine consecutive shoulders of normal healthy adults were checked. At that time, MR images were obtained in three different positions of abduction and external rotation($0^{\circ}C\;and\;0^{\circ},\;45^{\circ}C\;and\;25^{\circ}C,\;90^{\circ}$ and maximum, respectively). From a series of consecutive MRI, three-dimensional images were reconstructed after detecting the location of the middle glenohumeral ligament(MGHL) and the inferior glenohumeral ligament(IGHL) using workstation computer. Results : The shape of the MGHL was taken in double curved, and straight, and finally curved again in three different positions of the shoulder in sequence. On the other hand, the shape of the IGHL was obliquely positioned, and curvilinear, and finally straight and extended at lower part of the anterior surface of the humeral head. Conclusions : At $45^{\circ}$ of abduction and $25^{\circ}$ of external rotation, and at $90^{\circ}$ of abduction and maximal external rotation of the shoulder, the MGHL and the IGHL had the role of the most important static stabilizer of the glenohumeral joint repectively.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.161-164
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• 2009

Irreducible knee dislocation is a rare injury and often need an open procedure with ligaments reconstruction. This report describes a case of arthroscopic treatment of a patient with traumatic knee dislocation unable to reduce in a closed method. MRI revealed incarceration of the medial collateral ligament and capsule in the medial compartment. And arthroscopic examination confirmed incarcerated medial capsuloligamentous structures which prevented the knee from reduction. Arthroscopic procedure without ligaments reconstruction was complete when the medial condyle was well visualized and the knee reduced. After 4 weeks of immobilization in extension, range of motion exercise and gradual increases in weight bearing was allowed. At the 3- year follow-up, mild laxity was remained but the patient did not have any discomfort of doing ADL activity and showed full range of motion of the knee.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.95-99
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• 2013

We introduce arthroscopic Bankart repair technique using antegrade suture passer that can effectively restore detached anteroinferior capsulolabral complex for shoulder anterior instability. After diagnostic arthroscopy is performed using posterior, anteroinferior and anterosuperior portals, we confirm Bankart lesion and perform debridement and decortications of anteroinferior glenoid edge and neck. Suture anchor is inserted through anteroinferior portal at 2 mm medial side of glenoid edge (4:30 direction). Scorpion$^{TM}$ loaded suture is directly advanced to detached and retracted anteroinferior capsulolabral complex and the suture is passed at 10~15 mm medial side of detached anteroinferior capsulolabral complex (5:30 direction). The suture is retrieved by Scorpion's hook and then is tied using samsung medical center (SMC) sliding knot technique. Then suture anchors are serially inserted (2:30, 3:30) and capsulolabral complex repair is performed using suture hook and suttle-relay technique. This technique that can obtain anatomical restoration of anteroinferior glenohumeral ligament with proper tension is useful technique to reduce postoperative recurrence and makes it possible for less experienced surgeons.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prove the effectiveness of the open medial (glenoid-based) anterior-inferior capsular shift in patients with multidirectional shoulder instability. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 19 patients treated by medial anterior-inferior capsular shift for multidirectional shoulder instability from March, 1998 to December, 2003. 15 patients of them have experienced recurrent dislocation. 8 patients(42%) showed bilateral laxity and 11 patients(58%) generalized ligamentous laxity, and 2 patients(10.5%) voluntary subluxation. An average follow-up was 24 months (range : $9{\sim}32$ months). Results: Pain improved in 18 patients of all. There was an average loss of 10 degree of external rotation, but no limitation of activity of daily living. There was no redislocation and subluxation, but two patients had some apprehension in sports activity. With Rowe score, the result was excellent or good in all patients. There were hematoma and local skin problem in 1 patient, but all had healed up. Conclusion: Medial anterior-inferior capsular shift in multidirectional shoulder instability provided satisfactory results in pain relief, patient's satisfactions and stability of glenohumeral joint. Though some of them have anterior gleniod deformities and large Hill-Sachs lesions, we could get good stabilities.

• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.2-2
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• 1999

It is well known that the essential pathology in traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder is the avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament complex from the glenoid. However, there are reports that the avulsion can occurs from the humeral attachments. We have experienced the 42 year-old male patient who had a traumatic lateral avulsion of the subscapularis and glenohumeral capsule from the humerus and reported the results of treatment.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.266-269
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• 2010

Purpose: We report case of neglected elbow dislocation for three years. Material and method: A 45 years old female patient presented with neglected elbow dislocation for three years. Since the patient had contracture in both lateral and medial collateral ligament of elbow, dissection was done. After total separation of posterior articular capsule and incision of anterior articular capsule, by manual manipulation, reduction of radiohumeral and ulnohumeral joints were obtained. We applied modified Morrey type hinged external fixation in the elbow and done early elbow exercise. Result and Conclusion: Since we have experienced a satisfactory result in the case with neglected elbow dislocation for 3 years by using open reduction and hinged external fixation, we report it with the literature.