• Landscaping Tree
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• v.22 no.9_10
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• pp.41-45
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• 1994

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.416-424
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• 2005

Purpose : To find the risk factors associated with coronory artery lesions, non-responsiveness to intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) treatment, and recurrences in Kawasaki disease patients. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 1,000 Kawasaki disease patients who were admitted to Yonsei University Medical Center from September 1990 to December 2003. We compared between responder and non-responder groups to IVIG treatment as well as between relapsed and non-relapsed groups, and as to the relapsed group, we also compared variables between patients in their first and second attack states. Finally, factors associated with longer-fever duration from disease onset were evaluated. Results : Longer fever durations before and after IVIG treatment, male sex, lower Hgb and Hct level, higher WBC count and segmented WBC proportion, and higher CRP and Harada's score were related with coronary artery lesions. Non-responsiveness was related to higher WBC count, segmented WBC proportion, CRP, SGPT, Harada's score, and pyuria. Moderate-to-severe coronary artery dilatations and recurrences were more commonly seen among the non-responder group. No significant predictive factors for recurrence were found. In the relapsed group, lower WBC count, CRP, and shorter fever duration from disease onset were observed in their second attack state. Fever duration from disease onset showed positive correlation with WBC count, CRP, and Harada's score and negative correlation with Hgb levels. Conclusion : Higher WBC count, CRP, and higher Harada's score were related to both higher incidences of coronary artery lesions and non-responsiveness to IVIG treatment, and these factors were also related with longer fever duration. Non-responders to IVIG treatment showed higher recurrence rate and more moderate-to-severe coronary artery dilatations than responders.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.1161-1166
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• 2009

Purpose : Kawasaki disease—the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children—incidence is increasing yearly. Therefore, we evaluated the predictive indicators of coronary complications of Kawasaki disease based on clinical and laboratory data. Methods : Between January 2005 and March 2008, of the 201 children with Kawasaki disease treated at the Gil Hospital of Gachon University of Medicine and Science, 51 had coronary artery lesions (Group II) and 150 had no lesions (Group I). The reasons for coronary artery lesions were deduced from the clinical and laboratory data. Results : Analysis of the 2 groups revealed that fever duration and days of fever after and before initial intravenous gammaglobulin (IVIG) treatment were significantly longer in Group 2 than in Group I. IVIG infusions were statistically higher in Group II than in Group I. As per the laboratory data, C-reactive protein (CRP) value was significantly higher in Group II. Collectively, >10 days of fever duration, >48 h of fever duration after, and >10 days of fever before IVIG treatment increased the risk of coronary artery lesions 6-, 5-, and 3.5-fold, respectively. Furthermore, additional IVIG courses and higher CRP level increased the risk of coronary artery lesions 4-fold and 2-3-fold, respectively. Conclusion : The following 3 factors were responsible for increased risk of coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease: fever duration and days of fever after and before IVIG treatment. To identifythe predictive indicators of coronary complications, it is necessary to further elucidate the relationship between well-known forecasting factors.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.59-59
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• 2020

수국 '베레나 그린'의 줄기하단의 엽을 제거하고 5엽 상태에서 수돗물과 0.1% 크리잘 RVB에 각각 담가 4℃에서 24시간 물올림을 하고 물올림을 하고, 줄기를 60~70cm 길이로 끝을 대각선으로 절단하여 물올림용액을 채운 물 대롱을 끼운 다음 꽃을 보호하기 위한 비닐 슬리브를 씌워 유통용 종이상자에 담아 5±1℃ 냉장차로 국립원예특작과학원으로 운반하였으며, 절화수명 및 관련 특성분석을 위해 평가실로 옮기기 전까지 유통용 종이상자에 담긴 상태로 저온저장고(5±1℃)에 보관하였다. 보존용액에 따른 절화특성 조사를 위해 절화를 평가실에 전시하기 전에 절화의 줄기길이를 40cm로 맞춰 절단한 뒤에 보존용액을 800 mL 채운 플라스틱 화병에 꽃아 절화 화관끼리 서로 닿지 않도록 배치하였으며 22±2℃ 실내에서 절화수명을 조사하였다. 보존용액으로 4% 차아염소산나트륨 용액, 1% sucrose + 250 mg/L 8-hydroxquinoline + 100 mg/L citric acid로 이루어진 용액(HQ) 그리고 시중에서 수국 절화 보존제로 판매되는 크리잘 프로 II, III와 크리잘 clear 0.5% 용액을 사용하였다. 수돗물에 물올림하였을 때 보존용액인 0.5% 크리잘 프로 II에서는 33.8일, 0.5% 크리잘 프로 III에서는 27.7~33.5일, 크리잘 클리어는 33.7일, 차아염소산나트륨과 수돗물은 각각 26.2, 28.8일이었고, HQ 용액은 49.0일로 크리잘보다 15일, 수돗물보다 20일 절화수명이 연장되었다. 수국 '베레나 그린'의 보존용액으로 1% sucrose + 250 mg/L 8-hydroxquinoline + 100 mg/L citric acid를 사용하는 것이 관상기간을 연장하는 데 효과적이었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.762-767
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• 2004

With the developement of non-invasive surgical techeniques, coronary artery bypass graft without cardiopulmonary bypass has become popular. We compared the preoperative risk factors and in-hospital outcomes of patients having off-pump CABG with these having on-pump CABG. Material and Method： From January 2001 to June 2003, 87 patients underwent CABG. Thirty-sin patients underwent on-pump CABG, fifty-one patients under-went off-pump CABG. Preoperative risk factors, extent of coronary disease, operative time, postoperative endotracheal intubation time, duration of ICU stay & hospital stay, the amount of bleeding and postoperative levels of cardiac enzymes were compared in both groups, Result: The were no differences in their sex ratios, ages, preoperative risk factors, preoperative Ml, Canadian classes, extent of coronary artery diseases and, echocardio-graphic ejection fraction between Off-pump CABG and On-pump CABG groups. Off-pump CABG group had significantly lower mean operative time (270$\pm$79.3 min vs 372$\pm$142.2 min, p＜0.001), mean ventilation time (17.1$\pm$13.4 hr vs 24.3$\pm$17.8 hr) and CK-MB level (8,9$\pm$18.7 IU/L vs 25.7$\pm$8.4 IU/L) than on-pump CABG groups, On-pump CABG group had more distal grafts (2.2$\pm$0.5 vs 1.7$\pm$0.71 than Off-pump CABG groups did. There were no differences in their postoperative complications and outcomes including amount of postoperative bleeding for 24 hrs, reoperation for bleeding control, mean in-hospital days, postoperative infection, renal failure and neurologic complications between Off-pump CABG and On-pump CABG groups. Conclusion: This study showed that patients who underwent Off-pump CABG had less operation time & intubation time and lower CK-MB level; however, they also have less distal graft. Even though CABG without CPB provided satisfactory results, more clinical experience & longer follow-up is required.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.661-673
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• 2021

This study is a descriptive study to understand the effect on the health behavior compliance of men who got coronary intervention, focusing on the elapsed period. The subjects of this study were 249 men who underwent coronary intervention at a university hospital, and the collected data were analyzed using Stepwise multiple regression. As a result of the study, the influencing factors the implementation of healthy behaviors were self-regulation(β=0.35, p<.001), risk factors among educational request(β=-0.26, p<.001), and the elapsed period(β=0.19, p<.001), marital status(β=0.15, p=.001), educational level(β=-0.12, p=.035), and the total explanatory power was 29.1%. IIn order to increase the health behavior performance of male patients who underwent coronary intervention, it is necessary to develop a program that can strengthen the autonomous motivation of subjects with high severity and elapsed time of less than 1 year and more than 1 year.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.146-153
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• 2004

As the experience of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been accumulated, the number of reoperation after CABG is increasing. We analyzed our clinical experience of redo-CABG. Material and Method: Fourteen patients who underwent redo-CABG between Jan. 1994 and Dec. 2002 were included in this study. The mean period from the first operation to reoperation was 66$\pm$56 (3∼157) months, and the average ages were 62.8$\pm$8.7 (51∼78) years. The survivors were followed up 39$\pm$29 (4∼101) months postoperatively. Indications of reoperation were stenosis or occlusion of previous grafts in 11 patients, progression of native coronary artery disease in one patient, and both etiologies in two patients. Result: There were two in-hospital mortalities (14.3%) resulting from low cardiac output syndrome, Postoperative morbidities were perioperative myocardiac infarction in 2 patients (14.3%), mediastinitis in one patient (7.2%), duodenal perforation in one patient, ischemic necrosis of the lower extremity in one patient, gastric perforation after mesenteric infarct in one patient, delayed brain infarct in one patient, and intraoperative splenic rupture in one patient. There was one late mortality at six months postoperatively during the follow up. There was no angina recurrence during the follow up. Conclusion: Although redo CABG demonstrated relatively high operative mortalities and morbidities, postoperative status and clinical outcome of the survivors were favorable.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.4985-4994
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of knowledge, health belief and sick role behavior, and the influencing factors on them among the patients with coronary artery disease. The study subjects were 168 patients diagnosed as having coronary artery disease at a university hospital during the period from July 1st, to August 31th, 2010. As a results, Based on the mean scores of knowledge about coronary artery disease according to the general characteristics, they were significantly higher in males than in females(p=0.033). The mean scores of health belief were significantly higher according to age decrease(p=0.043). The mean scores of sick role behaviors were significantly higher in females than in males(p=0.006), with their increasing tendency in the age range from 40's to 60's and decreasing tendency in the age over 70's(p=0.015), the group with religion were significantly higher than the one without(p=0.050). In terms of the mean scores of knowledge and sick role behaviors about coronary artery disease according to the related characteristics, there was a significant difference with the time period elapsed after diagnosed as coronary artery disease, frequency of admissions, perception about the disease, information gathering through mass com. but in terms of those of health belief, there was a not significant difference in all the variables. The significantly influencing factors on degree of knowledge by multivariate regression analysis included degree of perception about a disease, scores of sick role behavior, presence of coronary artery diseases in a family or friends, and the time period elapsed after diagnosed as having coronary artery disease. Those on health belief included age and scores of sick role behavior, and those on sick role behaviors included score of knowledge, perception about a disease, age, BMI, and religion. The results showed a significant difference with their general characteristics or coronary artery disease-related factors.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.591-596
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• 2001

Coronary artery bypass graft with cardiopulmonary bypass is a conventional method of operative revascularization of coronary artery disease. Because of many troubles of cardiopulmonary bypass such as systemic inflammatory reaction, mechanical trauma of blood components and coagulopathy, coronary artery bypass graft without cardiopulmonary bypass has been popularized. Material and Method: From March 1999 to September 2000, 35 patients under went CABG at our institution. Among them, 14 patients received CABG without the use of CPB and 21 patients under went CABG with the use of CPB. Mean operative time, mean postoperative tracheal intubation time, mean ICU stay, mean hospital stay, the amount of transfusion, postoperative use of inotropic agents, and postoperative changes of cardiac enzymes were compared in both groups. Result: There were differences between the CABG without CPB group and CABG with CPB group with regard to mean tracheal intubation time, the amount of transfusion and the elevation of postoperative cardiac enzymes(p<0.05). Conclusion: While CABG without CPB provided satisfactory results, more long term follow-up is required.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2015

This research was initiated to analyze the periods of spring green-up and winter leaf discoloration of three ornamental grasses which have potential to be widely used with seed propagation. Two native grasses of Arundinella (Arundinella hirta var. ciliata Koidz), fountaingrass (Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) was tested. Spring green-up were evaluated after one year growth from seed propagation on April 1, 2009. Arundinella started with quick pick of spring green-up during $13^{th}$ to $20^{th}$ of May. Fountaingrass and switchgrass showed relatively slow picks of green-up during $20^{th}$ to $27^{th}$ of May. However, winter leaf discoloration started on swtichgrass and fountaingrass but Arundinella terminated relatively slowly. Swtichgrass showed the pick discoloration during $8^{th}$ to $15^{th}$ of October from the bottom to top parts of the plant. Fountaingrass showed the pick winter discoloration started from bottom to top parts during the $22^{nd}$ to $29^{th}$ of October. However, Arundinella showed relatively slow discoloration from upper to bottom parts during October $29^{th}$ to November $5^{th}$. Arundinella showed a relatively higher ornamental value with 125 days of the complete green period compared than fountaingrass and swtichgrass which maintained approximately 105 days of green period.