• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.725-743
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• 2018

Industrial groups (representing the polluters) and environmental non-governmental organizations (representing the victims) respond differently to various environmental policy instruments. As the affected group's power is large either politically or economically, it is unlikely that a single instrument will be actually selected despite being effective or efficient because of the high political costs associated with it. In this paper, we focus on the political role that energy subsidies play in creating a compromise between energy consuming polluters and victims of pollution. The use of a Dolbear (1967)'s triangle Edgeworth box model makes it possible to examine how policy selection affects the income distribution and welfare levels of two groups. The effects of a single policy instrument of either direct regulation or tax are compared with those of a policy mix that includes energy subsidies. We found that the addition of energy subsidies would increase the chance of compromise between polluters and victims.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.482-487
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• 2017

It is necessary to respond to criminal cases on board of pelagic fishing boats in the international waters with domestic legal judgement and international legal judgement due to a natural limitation by geographical long distance while it is possible to deal with domestic criminal cases with prompt response by using air crafts or patrol vessels. In other words, according to the flag of the vessel, the legal status of the water where is the crime scene, the nationalities of the victim and the perpetrator, it is required to judge if Korea can exert their jurisdiction and there is an issue if Korea Coast Guard exert their law enforcement effectively with this natural problem. In this paper, I propose a systemic improvement for a swift investigation for henceforth similar case's occurrence by analyzing the jurisdiction, the suspect's handling, the basic cause of the murder on-board which are based on the case of the vessel No.803 Gwang-Hyeon which was happened recently.