• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.16-24
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the usage behavior of Seoullo 7017, the first public garden in Korea, to understand the usage status by analyzing blogs, and to present usage behavior and improvement plans for Seoullo 7017. From June 2017 to May 2020, after Seoullo 7017 was open to citizens, character data containing 'Seoullo 7017' in the title and contents of NAVER and·DAUM blogs were converted to text mining and socialization, a Big Data technique. The analysis was conducted using social network analysis. The summary of the research results is as follows. First of all, the ratio of men and women searching for Seoullo 7017 online is similar, and the regions that searched most are in the order of Seoul and Gyeonggi, and those in their 40s and 50s were the most interested. In other words, it can be seen that there is a lack of interest in regions other than Seoul and Gyeonggi and among those in their 10s, 20s, and 30s. The main behaviors of Seoullo 7017 are' night view' and 'walking', and the factors that affect culture and art are elements related to culture and art. If various programs and festivals are opened and actively promoted, the main behavior will be more varied. On the other hand, the main behavior that the users of Seoullo 7017 want is 'sit', which is a static behavior, but the physical conditions are not sufficient for the behavior to occur. Therefore, facilities that can cause sitting behavior, such as shades and benches must be improved to meet the needs of visitors. The peculiarity of the change in the behavior of Seoullo 7017 is that it is recognized as a good place to travel alone and a good place to walk alone as a public multi-use facility and group activities are restricted due to COVID-19. Accordingly, in a situation like the COVD-19 pandemic, more diverse behaviors can be derived in facilities where people can take a walk, etc., and the increase of various attractions and the satisfaction of users can be increased. Seoullo 7017, as Korea's first public pedestrian area, was created for urban regeneration and the efficient use of urban resources in areas beyond the meaning of public spaces and is a place with various values such as history, nature, welfare, culture, and tourism. However, as a result of the use behavior analysis, various behaviors did not occur in Seoullo 7017 as expected, and elements that hinder those major behaviors were derived. Based on these research results, it is necessary to understand the usage behavior of Seoullo 7017 and to establish a plan for spatial system and facility improvement, so that Seoullo 7017 can be an important place for urban residents and a driving force to revitalize the city.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.740-743
• /
• 2005

전파지정기준은 한정된 전파자원을 효율적으로 이용하기 위하여 무선국 허가시 주파수 지정 등에 관한 필요한 사항을 규정하는 것이다. 중요 내용은 국내 무선통신 업무별, 용도별 분배 및 할당한 주파수에 대하여 무선국 개설 허가시 지정(Designation)할 수 있도록 세부용도, 주파수, 전파형식, 공중선전력, 시설자, 사용지역 등의 지정조건에 관한 사항을 정하고 있다 .이에 본 논문에서는 먼저 전파지정에 대한 각국의 현황을 분석하고 국내의 기술기준 규정과의 차이점, 현 규정의 문제점을 분석하여 전파지정 기준의 효율적인 운영에 대한 방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.360-368
• /
• 2013

Recently interactive water fountains are gaining popularity in making public facilities in South Korea. The total number of interactive fountains is rapidly growing at the rate of >50% annually. In this study, we performed quantitative microbial risk assessment to estimate infection risks in children by Legionella spp. while playing in interactive fountains. The exposure dose for a given concentration of Legionella in water was calculated using water-aerosol partition rate of Legionella, exposure duration, inhalation rate, and deposit rate of aerosols in the lungs following inhalation. The dose was converted to infection risk by using the dose-response function developed for L. pneumophila. High weight and/or old children, i.e., 12-year children, running around in fountains were the highest risk group by showing >0.05 infection probability for fountain waters containing ${\geq}10^4$ CFU/L Legionella. The result supported the current guideline by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which permits use of water with < $10^3$ CFU/L Legionella cells for all purposes. However, the results still warrant further evaluation of the guideline to accommodate risks for children because the dose-response relationship in the model was developed for healthy adults. Further risk assessment studies need to be conducted by employing dose-response model for children who generally carries weaker immune system than adults.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.22-29
• /
• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the concentrations of TSP, PM10 and heavy metals(Pb, Cd,Hg, Ni, Zn) of underground parking lots in Taegu city. The samples were collected from 3 department stores and 1 central park in the winter and the summer, 1997. The samples of 3 department stores were divided into sale period and non-sale period in the winter and the summer. The concentrations of TSP and PM10 were 109.6±1.5㎍/㎥ and 93.3±1.5㎍/㎥. In TSP, the zinc was the highest level, 287.16±1.5ng/㎥ and the cadmium was the lowest, 2.4±2.1ng/㎥ and in PM10, the zinc was the highest level, 193.6±1.5ng/㎥ and the cadmium was the lowest, 0.6±3.9ng/㎥. The correlation coefficient between the concentration of TSP and PM10 was 0.982(p<0.05). The correlation coefficients of corresponding heavy metal in TSP and PM10 were 0.863 for lead, 0.617 for mercury, 0.890 for nickel and 0.850 for zinc(p<0.05). The concentrations of TSP, PM10 and cadmium of PM10 in the winter were higher than those of the summer. However, the concentration of Hg of PM10 in the summer was higher than that of the winter. The concentrations of TSP and PM10 in sale period was higher than those of non-sale period and the concentrations of heavy metal in TSP and PM10 were not significantly different between sale and non-sale period. The proportions of PM10 to TSP were above 60% in dust, lead, nickel, and zinc and less than 40% in cadmium and mercury. The concentrations of TSP, PM10 and heavy metal in the underground parking lots were comparatively lower than those of general atmosphere. However, this kind of research to PM10 in the underground parking lots must be continued because it is very important particulate matter that affects human beng's health.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.78-86
• /
• 2021

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to investigate the installation rates and status of indoor smoking rooms in public facilities and to determine the level of compliance level with smoke-free policies in accordance with the National Health Promotion Act. Methods: A visiting survey was conducted on 1,206 public facilities in the Seoul Metropolitan Area and the Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do Province area. Researchers selected public facilities such as bars, coffee houses, and internet cafes using convenient sampling. They visited without prior notice, checked the existence of indoor smoking rooms, and recorded their status. Results: Internet cafes (110/116) had the highest installation rate of indoor smoking rooms, followed by bowling clubs (17/19) and billiard rooms (87/100). Depending on the type of business, 50-88% of smoking rooms were not completely enclosed. Coin karaoke rooms showed the least inadequacy in this regard. In addition, out of 512 smoking rooms, in 33% (n = 169) smoking indoors was observed in non-smoking areas. Only 9% of public facilities were in full compliance with the indoor smoke-free regulation. Conclusions: It was found that most of the public facilities with indoor smoking rooms did not comply with the smoke-free policy, and smoking was still observed inside some facilities. Therefore, there is a need for a policy that prohibits indoor smoking rooms completely.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.620-624
• /
• 2009

한국농어촌공사에서 2008년도 환경부 하수처리장 재이용사업으로 선정된 제주특별자치도 서부(판포)하수처리장 농업용수재이용 사업을 위탁받아 사업을 진행하고 있다. 하수처리수를 농업용목적으로 재이용하기 위해서는 농업용수 재이용수질기준에 우선 적합해야하고 작물재배실험 및 수질, 토양, 생태환경 영향 뿐만아니라 공중보건위생 위험도 등 종합적이고 체계적인 연구결과를 바탕으로 적용해야한다. 이를 위해 수자원 프런티어사업단의 "농업용수재이용시스템적용 연구"에서는 하수처리수의 농업용수 재이용과 관련한 종합적인 연구를 통해 농업환경피해를 최소화하고 안전성 확보를 위한 방안을 수립하고 있다. 서부하수처리장은 제주도 한경면 판포리에 위치하여 2007년도에 준공하였고 2008년도부터 본격적으로 가동중이다. 재이용 공급대상 농경지는 처리장의 주변 농경지로 249ha를 대상으로 하고 있으며 사업시행을 위해 타당성 분석, 기본계획 및 실시설계를 시행하였고 2009년 12월까지 시설의 설치 및 시험가동 완료를 목표로 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 농업용수 재이용사업의 계획 수립을 위해 필요한 분석활동 내용과 안전하게 제주도 하수처리수를 재이용할 수 있는 농업용수 재이용시스템 설계내용을 중심으로 기술하였다. 현재 농촌은 도시화가 전국으로 확산되면서 농촌의 쾌적성은 점차 훼손되었고 하천 호소의 수질이 더욱 악화되고 있다. 또한 농촌지역의 도시화에 따라 하수처리장의 농촌지역에도 늘어가고 있으며 이제는 농촌지역과 도시지역이 구분되지 않고 혼합되어 있는 형태로 발전하고 있기 때문에 과거의 농업활동도 변화되고 있으며, 하천에서 취수하는 용수중에서 농업용수로의 사용이 부적합한 용수가 취수되고 있다. 따라서 하수처리수의 농업용수 재이용시스템과 같이 수처리를 이용한 농업용수의 공급방안이 확대될 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.185-190
• /
• 1998

$PM_{10}$ concentrations were measured In underground stores located In 4 major cities, Chunchon, Wonju, Donghae and Sockcho, In Kangwon-Do using scattering light Integated type digital dust indicator. Per- sonal exposure to $PM_{10}$ for two women(housekeeper and gaduate students and a man(undergraduate student) were measured also. The dimensional conversion factors for mass concentrations(K) showed some difference among un- derground stores which were 2.0, 2.7, 3.4, 2.6 mg/$m^2$.CPM In chunchon, Wonju, Donghae and Sockcho, respectively. Average PMlo concentrations at underground stores were 178mg/$m^2$ in Chunchon, 141mg$m^2$ in Wonju, 125 mg/$m^2$ Donghe and 59mg/$m^2$) Sockcho. The portion of $PM_{10}$ In total suspended particles was about 50~60% as deight The exposure of graduate student, housekeeper and undergraduate to $PM_{10}$ during 12 hours were 1004. 3 (mg/$m^2$) .hr, 907.0 (mg/$m^2$) hr and 691.2 (mg/$m^2$) hr, respectively. Personal exposure to $PM_{10}$ showed very different according to heP activity pattern and they had more than 90 % of their $PM_{10}$ exposure at Indoor environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2021

In case of South Korea, the airspace which airlines can operate is extremely limited due to the military operational area located within the Incheon flight information region. As a result, safety problems such as mid-air collision between aircraft or Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System Resolution Advisory (TCAS RA) may occur with higher probability than in wider airspace. In order to prevent such safety problems, an mid-air collision risk detection model based on Detect-And-Avoid (DAA) well clear metrics is investigated. The model calculates the risk of mid-air collision between aircraft using aircraft trajectory data. In this paper, the practical use of DAA well clear metrics based model has been validated. Aviation safety data such as aviation safety mandatory report and Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast is used to measure the performance of the model. The attributes of individual aircraft track data is analyzed to correct the threshold of each parameter of the model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2014.05a
• /
• pp.250-253
• /
• 2014

Due to limited resource, marine communication is severely limited when compared to communications in land. Radio relay facilities, etc. based on a wired network through a long distance communication is possible. In addition, the aircraft is in the air, the ground-based network service based on long-range straight-line distance and elevation (LOS: Line of Sight) communications. On the other hand, the distance in a straight line to the sea, the sea level because communication is limited or through satellite, underwater communications relay equipment installed in the communication scheme has been investigated.. In this paper, using TCP-based real-time joint maritime security communication links were studied. Harsh marine environment, real-time communication that can provide secure communications and propose a LINK joint. In this study, more secure, and convenient communications at sea, a plan was presented to you.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.429-439
• /
• 1996

A comprehensive air quality monitoring was carried out in this study to investigate the concentrations of criteria air pollutants in indoor and outdoor air of public facilities in Taegu area. Four different kinds of public facilities were seleced as sampling sites, which are underground stores, stations & terminals, general hospitals, and department stores. Each group of the public facilities was consisted of three different sampling sites. As a consequence, a total of 12 different sampling sites were surveyed throughout this study. Sampling was conducted simultaneously indoors, three times per day (in the morning, afternoon, and evening) and four times per year (spring, summer, fall, and winter) at each sampling site during the period of October 1994 to July 1995. A range of criteria pollutants were measured in order to obtain a broad profile of indoor and ambient air quality, including total suspended particles (TSP), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), formaldehyde (HCHO), sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$), and nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$). In addition, temperature, relative humidity, and air current were measured on site together with those air pollutants. Results of this study indicated that the indoor levels of TSP, CO, $SO_2, and NO_2$ appeared to be generally higher in stations/terminals and underground stores than those in department stores and hospitals. However, HCHO and $CO_2$ were found to have higher levels in the department stores and hospitals than other places, indicating that the effects of indoor sources for these pollutants are significantly different from other combustion related pollutants such as TSP, CO, and $SO_2$. It was also found that there are marked seasonal and daily variations both in indoor and outdoor air quality. In general, combustion related pollutants such as CO, $SO_2$ and $NO_2$ showed a typical pattern of higher levels in winter than insummer, and also higher in the morning and/or in the evening than in the afternoon. However, the seasonal and daily patterns of HCHO appeared to be opposite to the combustion related pollutants, i.e., higher both in summer and in the afternoon, implying the effect of temperature on the volatilization from indoor sources of HCHO. Results of correlation analyses between indoor and outdoor air quality also indicated that the effects of outdoor sources on the indoor levels of TSP, $SO_2$, CO, and $NO_2$ and much significant, whilst no significant correlations between indoor and outdoor levels were found for HCHO and $CO_2$.