• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.12-23
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the innovative and experimental housing design alternatives in the transition period to the modern era and to discuss about the motivation of modern architectural form. Thus, first, this study examined the planning concepts and the meaning of new design of the four Werkbund dwelling Exhibitions in eastern Europe reflecting the demands of modern times. Second, I analyzed how the formative experiment appeared as a stereoscopic mass design and as a architectural composition in exterior. Experimental trials at housing exhibitions were to respond to the demands for the new forms, which required a new approach to modern style and aesthetics. The major features of formative experiments can be summarized as follows. First, new housing design have escaped from the historically descended style. Secondly, through the operation of volume and surface modern dwelling created a formative conformation. Finally, the shape and the surface replaced the decoration. In conclusion, the works of modern architects can be said to have achieved the harmony between 'purpose of expression' and 'technical purpose' in realizing the 'Zeitgeist' that corresponds to the paradigm of modern housing.