• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.50
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• pp.153-185
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• 2018

This study analyzed the comic "Monster" based on J. Lacan's psychoanalytic theory. J. Lacan advocated a new psychoanalytic theory through S. Freud's psychoanalytic theories and socio-cultural studies. The main theory of his theoretical background is the 'desire theory' which analyzed human desires. He distinguished human desires as desires and demands and had the basic proposition that 'human desire is the desire of the other'. J. Lacan (J. Lacan) studied in depth the relationship between oneself and others, which he defined by dividing it into an imaginary system (mirror stage), a symbolic system (Oedipus complex), and a real system (desiring subject). Based on these theories, the main purpose of this study is to analyze the comic "Monster" by Naoki Urasawa focused on the desire theory of J. Lacan based on psychoanalysis to examine what new meaning could be extracted. In order to analyze the comic "Monster", the qualitative research method was used and the method of analysis was the descriptive phenomenological method devised by Giorgi (1985). Through this analytical method, the background, characters, and symbols of "Monster" were analyzed and content analysis was performed based on the theory of Giorgi (1985) and the desire theory of J. Lacan As a result of the analysis of the meaning unit and components related to the desire theory through content analysis, the contents analysis was divided into four components: identification, reproduction of desire, alienation, and unique desire and freedom. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, on the basis of psychoanalysis, "Monster" is classified into four elements, identification of twin characters, reproduction of desire, feeling of alienation and unique desire and freedom of characters based on desire theory of J. Lacan. Second, the characters analyzed by the desire theory of J. Lacan attempted to reproduce their desires through identification and projection of twins due to their traumatic experience when they were young. Also, the characters who felt alienated in the process of reproduction made a tragic ending to complete human desire and freedom to fill in their emptiness. This result shows that desire theory of J. Lacan based on psychoanalysis can be used as a new analytical theory, a comic analysis which suggested a new meaning. The results of this study suggest that a new field of research, a comic analysis using psychological theory, needs to be created and further studies in this field are required.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.22
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• pp.145-168
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• 2010

Since Alarm Monitoring Service was introduced in Korea in 1981, the market has been increasing and is expected to increase continually. Some factors such as the increase of social security need and the change of safety consciousness, increase of persons who live alone could be affected positively on Alarm Monitoring Service industry. As Alarm Monitoring Service come into wide use, the understanding of electronic security service is spread and consumer's demand is difficult, so consideration about new developmental plan is need to respond to the change actively. Electronic security system is consist of various kinds of element, so every element could do their role equally. Alarm Monitoring Service should satisfy consumer's various needs because it is not necessary commodity, also electronic security device could be easily operated and it's appearance has to have a good design. To solve the false alarm problem, detection sensor's improvement should be considered preferentially and development of new type of sensor that operate dissimilarly to replace former sensor is needed. On the other hand, to settle the matter that occurred by response time, security company could explain the limit on Alarm Monitoring System to consumer honestly and ask for an understanding. If consumer could be joined into security activity by security agent's explanation, better security service would be provided with mutual confidence. To save response time the consideration on the introduction of GIS(Global Information System) is needed rather than GPS(Global Positioning System). Although training program for security agents is important, several benefits for security agents should be considered together. The development of new business model is required for preparation against market stagnation and the development of new commodity to secure consumer for housing service rather than commercial facility service. for the purpose of those, new commodity related to home-network system and video surveillance system could be considered, also new added service with network between security company and consumer for a basis is to be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.53-69
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• 2020

The increase of the impermeable area due to industrialization and urban development distorts the hydrological circulation system and cause serious stream drying phenomena. In order to manage this, it is necessary to develop a technology for impact assessment of stream drying phenomena, which enables quantitative evaluation and prediction. In this study, the cause of streamflow reduction was assessed for dam and weir watersheds in the five major river basins of South Korea by using distributed hydrological model DrySAT-WFT (Drying Stream Assessment Tool and Water Flow Tracking) and GIS time series data. For the modeling, the 5 influencing factors of stream drying phenomena (soil erosion, forest growth, road-river disconnection, groundwater use, urban development) were selected and prepared as GIS-based time series spatial data from 1976 to 2015. The DrySAT-WFT was calibrated and validated from 2005 to 2015 at 8 multipurpose dam watershed (Chungju, Soyang, Andong, Imha, Hapcheon, Seomjin river, Juam, and Yongdam) and 4 gauging stations (Osucheon, Mihocheon, Maruek, and Chogang) respectively. The calibration results showed that the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.76 in average (0.66 to 0.84) and the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency was 0.62 in average (0.52 to 0.72). Based on the 2010s (2006~2015) weather condition for the whole period, the streamflow impact was estimated by applying GIS data for each decade (1980s: 1976~1985, 1990s: 1986~1995, 2000s: 1996~2005, 2010s: 2006~2015). The results showed that the 2010s averaged-wet streamflow (Q95) showed decrease of 4.1~6.3%, the 2010s averaged-normal streamflow (Q185) showed decreased of 6.7~9.1% and the 2010s averaged-drought streamflow (Q355) showed decrease of 8.4~10.4% compared to 1980s streamflows respectively on the whole. During 1975~2015, the increase of groundwater use covered 40.5% contribution and the next was forest growth with 29.0% contribution among the 5 influencing factors.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.249-259
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• 2018

This research had intended to find out regarding the present influences of the Smart Work on the intention to use continuously with the staff members working in the small- and medium-sized enterprises as the subject. And, finally, it had intended to find out about the Smart Work environments of the IT corporations and the non-IT corporations. For this research, the questionnaire survey data were collected from the staff members working at the small- and medium-sized enterprises. Through the questionnaire survey data that were collected, an empirical analysis was carried out. And, through the reliability analysis, the feasibility analysis, the discriminatory feasibility analysis, and the inspection of the degree of suitableness of the structural equation model, finally, the research model was verified and, finally, a difference analysis of the IT corporations and the non-IT corporations was carried out. Regarding the results of the analysis of the research, it appeared that the factors of the job efficiency and the job autonomy of the special characteristics of the job had the positive influences on the usefulness and the job satisfaction, which were the parameters and which were perceived. And it appeared that the time flexibility of the job form could not have any influences on the usefulness and the job satisfaction, which were the parameters and which were perceived. And it appeared that the spatial flexibility had the influences on the job satisfaction only. The perceived usefulness, which was a parameter, had the positive influences on the job satisfaction and the intention to use continuously. And, finally, the job satisfaction had the positive influences on the intention to use continuously. And it appeared that there were the differences, too, between the IT corporations and the non-IT corporations. It is thought that, through the results of this research and through the Smart Work environment, the positive influences on the workers and the organizations could be induced and that a better working environment than previously can be provided to the workers to fit the special characteristics of the corporations.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.681-692
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• 2013

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Giggenbach bottle method and develop the related pretreatment and analytical methods using artificial fumarolic gases. The artificial fumarolic gases were generated by mixing $CO_2$, CO, $H_2S$, $SO_2$, $H_2$, and $CH_4$ gas streams with a $N_2$ stream sparged through an acidic medium containing HCl and HF, with their compositions varied by adjusting the gas flow rates. The resultant fumarolic gases were collected into an evacuated bottle partially filled with a NaOH absorption solution. While non-condensible gases such as CO, $H_2S$, and $CH_4$ accumulated in the headspace of the bottle, acidic components including $CO_2$, $SO_2$, HCl, and HF that were dissolved into the alkaline solution. Like other acidic components, $H_2S$ also dissolved into the solution, but it reacted with dissolved $Cd^{2+}$ to precipitate as CdS when $Cd(CH_3COO)_2$ was added. The non-condensible gases were analyzed on a gas chromatography. Then, CdS precipitates were separated from the alkaline solution by filtration, and they were pretreated with $H_2O_2$ to oxidize CdS-bound sulfide into sulfate. In addition, a portion of the solution was also pretreated with $H_2O_2$ to oxidize sulfite to sulfate. Following the pretreatment, the resultant samples were analyzed for $SO_4^{2-}$, $Cl^-$ and $F^-$ on an ion chromatography. In the meanwhile, dissolved $CO_2$ was analyzed on a total organic carbon-inorganic carbon analyzer without such pretreatment. According to our experimental results, the measured concentrations of the fumarolic gases were shown to be proportional to the gas flow rates, indicating that the Giggenbach bottle method is adequate for monitoring volcanic gas. The pretreatment and analytical methods employed in this study may also enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of the Giggenbach bottle method.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.241-249
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• 2018

As the international trade increases, vessel traffics around the Korean Peninsula are also increasing. Maritime accidents hence take place more frequently in the southern coast of Korea where many big and small ports are located. Accidents involving ship collision and sinking result in a substantial human and material damage as well as the marine environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to locate the ships quickly when such accidents occur. In this study, we suggest a new ship detection index by comparing and analyzing the reflectivity of each channel of the Korea MultiPurpose SATellite-2 (KOMPSAT-2) images of the area around the Gwangyang Bay. A threshold value of 0.1 is set based on a histogram analysis, and all vessels are detected when compared with RGB composite images. After selecting a relatively large ship as a representative sample, the distribution of spatial reflectivity around the ship is studied. Uniform shadows are detected on the northwest side of the vessel. This indicates that the sun is in the southeast, the azimuth of the actual satellite image is $144.80^{\circ}$, and the azimuth angle of the sun can be estimated using the shadow position. The reflectivity of the shadows is 0.005 lower than the surrounding sea and ship. The shadow height varies with the position of the bow and the stern, perhaps due to the relative heights of the ship deck and the structure. The results of this study can help search technology for missing vessels using optical satellite images in the event of a marine accident around the Korean Peninsula.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.383-390
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristics of cucumber scion and pumpkin rootstock under different levels of light intensity (photosynthetic photon flux, PPF) and plug cell size in a closed transplant production system with artificial lighting. Cucumber scion and pumpkin rootstock seedlings were grown under the combinations of three levels of PPF (PPF 165, 248, and $313{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$) and five types of plug tray (50, 72, 105, 128, and 200 cells in the tray) for nine days. The shoot dry weight and relative growth rate increased with increasing PPF and plug cell size. As PPF increased, cucumber scion and pumpkin rootstock seedlings had higher dry matter, lower specific leaf area, and lower hypocotyl length. The first true leaf of cucumber scion and pumpkin rootstock unfolded at eight and seven days after sowing, respectively, except the treatment using 200-cell plug tray. The unfolding of first true leaf of seedlings grown in 200-cell plug tray was delayed by one day. Accordingly, it was considered that the use of small cell size such as 200-cell plug tray would require more time for the production of scion and rootstock. Based on the results, we suggest that cucumber scion and pumpkin rootstock be grown in 105-cell to 128-cell plug tray for eight days and 72-cell to 105-cell plug tray for seven days, respectively, when using splice grafting method with root-removed rootstock. Additionally, higher PPF is suggested to improve the growth and quality of scion and rootstock.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.542-549
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• 2015

This work was carried out to evaluate the effects of preharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP, $Harvista^{TM}$) and postharvest 1-MCP ($SmartFresh^{TM}$) treatments on the fruit quality attributes of cold-stored 'Fuji' ( Malus domestica Borkh.) apples. Fruits were exposed to 0, 95, 125, or $250 mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $Harvista^{TM}$ at 3, 2, 1 weeks before harvest (WBH), and treated with 0 or $1{\mu}{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $SmartFresh^{TM}$ at harvest. Fruit was then stored for up to 180 days at $0{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. Fruit fresh weight, Hunter's value a, internal ethylene concentration (IEC), flesh firmness, titratable acidity (TA), and soluble solids content (SSC) in fruit treated with $Harvista^{TM}$ were not different from those of control fruit at harvest. During cold storage, flesh firmness and TA were higher in fruit treated with $250mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $Harvista^{TM}$ at 2 and 3 WBH than in control fruit. IEC was 5.5-10.0% lower in fruit treated with $250mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $Harvista^{TM}$ at 2 and 3 WBH compared with control fruit as storage duration progressed, while SSC was not affected. Furthermore, flesh firmness, TA, and IEC were affected neither by $Harvista^{TM}$ nor $Harvista^{TM}+SmartFresh^{TM}$ treatments, compared with those fruit quality attributes at harvest. The correlation maps indicated that IEC was negatively correlated with firmness and TA, regardless of $Harvista^{TM}$ application levels. In addition, positive correlations between fruit quality attributes were detected in treatments with $250mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $Harvista^{TM}+SmartFresh^{TM}$. Therefore, the results suggest that with a single application of $SmartFresh^{TM}$, a higher level of $Harvista^{TM}$ application would help in retention of fruit quality attributes during cold storage.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth response of economical six leafy vegetables that are crown daisy, pak-choi and four kinds of lettuce (Red leaf lettuce, Green leaf lettuce, Head lettuce, Romaine lettuce) by light treatment of LED in plant factory. The light treatments were composed of red, blue, red+farred, red+blue, red+blue+white LEDs, irradiation time ratio of the red and blue LED per minute (1 : 1, 2 : 1, 5 : 1, 10 : 1), and duty ratio of mixed light (100%, 99%, 97%). The following results were obtained in different LED light sources treatments: Shoot biomass and S/R ratio of romaine lettuce were the highest under mixed red+blue LEDs. S/R ratio of head lettuce was higher under mixed red+blue+white LEDs than red+blue LEDs. The others showed no difference in LED light treatment. Shoot biomass, total biomass and S/R ratio of green lettuce, head lettuce and pak-choi were highest in the higher red ratio (5 : 1) on irradiation time of red : blue LED ratios. By the different duty ratio (red+blue and red+blue+white LEDs), Under the mixed light of red+blue, shoot and root biomass of crown daisy and romaine lettuce were high in duty ratio of 100% and 99%, and S/R ratio was highest in all the 6 kinds in duty ratio of 97%. All the 6 kinds showed a fine growth state in low duty ratio (97%). Green lettuce, romaine lettuce and pak-choi showed relatively high shoot biomass and total biomass in low duty ratio of 97% under the mixed light of red+blue+white. S/R ratio of romaine lettuce and head lettuce were highest in the duty ratio of 97% with red+blue+white LEDs. Thus, we can cultivate stably without reference to external factors, if we use appropriate light sources and light quality in closed-type plant factory.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1-31
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• 2017

Modern businesses are adopting new technologies to serve their markets better as well as to improve efficiency and productivity. The advertising industry has continuously experienced disruptions from the traditional channels (radio, television and print media) to new complex ones including internet, social media and mobile-based advertising. This case study focuses on proposing intelligent advertising business model in Seoul's metro network. Seoul has one of the world's busiest metro network and transports a huge number of travelers on a daily basis. The high number of travelers coupled with a well-planned metro network creates a platform where marketers can initiate engagement and interact with both customers and potential customers. In the current advertising model, advertising is on illuminated and framed posters in the stations and in-car, non-illuminated posters, and digital screens that show scheduled arrivals and departures of metros. Some stations have digital screens that show adverts but they do not have location capability. Most of the current advertising media have one key limitation: space. For posters whether illuminated or not, one space can host only one advert at a time. Empirical literatures show that there is room for improving this advertising model and eliminate the space limitation by replacing the poster adverts with digital advertising platform. This new model will not only be digital, but will also provide intelligent advertising platform that is driven by data. The digital platform will incorporate location sensing, e-commerce, and mobile platform to create new value to all stakeholders. Travel cards used in the metro will be registered and the card scanners will have a capability to capture traveler's data when travelers tap their cards. This data once analyzed will make it possible to identify different customer groups. Advertisers and marketers will then be able to target specific customer groups, customize adverts based on the targeted consumer group, and offer a wide variety of advertising formats. Format includes video, cinemagraphs, moving pictures, and animation. Different advert formats create different emotions in the customer's mind and the goal should be to use format or combination of formats that arouse the expected emotion and lead to an engagement. Combination of different formats will be more effective and this can only work in a digital platform. Adverts will be location based, ensuring that adverts will show more frequently when the metro is near the premises of an advertiser. The advertising platform will automatically detect the next station and screens inside the metro will prioritize adverts in the station where the metro will be stopping. In the mobile platform, customers who opt to receive notifications will receive them when they approach the business premises of advertiser. The mobile platform will have indoor navigation for the underground shopping malls that will allow customers to search for facilities within the mall, products they may want to buy as well as deals going on in the underground mall. To create an end-to-end solution, the mobile solution will have a capability to allow customers purchase products through their phones, get coupons for deals, and review products and shops where they have bought a product. The indoor navigation will host intelligent mobile-based advertisement and a recommendation system. The indoor navigation will have adverts such that when a customer is searching for information, the recommendation system shows adverts that are near the place traveler is searching or in the direction that the traveler is moving. These adverts will be linked to the e-commerce platform such that if a customer clicks on an advert, it leads them to the product description page. The whole system will have multi-language as well as text-to-speech capability such that both locals and tourists have no language barrier. The implications of implementing this model are varied including support for small and medium businesses operating in the underground malls, improved customer experience, new job opportunities, additional revenue to business model operator, and flexibility in advertising. The new value created will benefit all the stakeholders.