• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2010

Purpose: Most clavicular fractures can be healed by conservative treatment, although there are many factors that influence healing. The aim of the present study was to analyze factors that influence (i) bone union of midshaft fractures of the clavicle treated conservatively and (ii) bone functioning, after union. The long-term goal was to determine which treatments are adequate. Materials and Methods: We evaluated factors that have an effect on bone union and bone function after union. We evaluated age, fracture site, comminution, displacement, shortening and other factors. Among 523 clavicular midshaft fractures that presented between January 2004 and Jun 2009 at our Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, we identified 270 who had conservative treatment and 173 patients who had surgical treatment. Results: The period required for bone union increased with the degree of displacement. For the group below 12 years of age, and the group without comminution, it took half the time to achieve bone union compared with the other groups. Displacement mostly occurred within 2 weeks after conservative treatment. Conclusion: In patients with a comminuted clavicular midshaft fracture, we might, because of expected delays in bone union, delay the start of rehabilitation until patients are more than 13 years old. Because the degree of displacement may be increased within 2 weeks during conservative treatment, we can think about surgical treatments.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2011

Purpose: We wanted to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes and the prognosis of various surgical treatments for the distal clavicle fracture with an acromioclavicular joint injury. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 21 patients with a minimum of 12 months follow up was done. We classified acromioclavicular (AC) injury into type I (only intra-articular fracture (IAF), 5 cases), type II (IAF with widening of the AC joint > 7 mm, 9 cases) and type III (IAF with AC joint superior subluxation > 50%, 7 cases). The distal clavicle fractures were fixed using plate (9 cases), mini screws (1 case), K wire and tension band wiring (10 cases) and transarticular pinning (1 case). Acromioclavicular or coracoacromial ligament reconstruction was not done in all the cases. Results: In 20 of 21 cases, bone union was achieved at an average of 8.4 weeks. Traumatic arthritis (5 cases), AC joint widening (4 cases) and AC joint subluxation (2 cases) were noted at the last follow up. The average UCLA score was 32.6 in the type I AC joint injuries, 34 in type II and 34.1 in type III. There was no relationship between the clinical outcomes and the preoperative AC joint injury pattern, postoperative traumatic arthritis, AC joint widening or AC joint subluxation (p>0.05). Conclusion: Satisfactory results were achieved by acute reduction and firm fixation of the distal clavicle fracture with AC joint injury. There was no relationship between the pattern of AC joint injury, the residual radiologic findings and the functional outcome.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.109-112
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• 2011

Anatomical reduction and strong fixation in displaced patella fracture are needed for restoration of knee function and strength and early range of motion exercise. According to the type of fracture and various operational methods, their many complications have been reported. We report 2 cases of transverse patella fracture which were caused by transverse screw fixation in longitudinal patella fracture and fracture of bipartite patella in athletes.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.361-365
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• 2021

Pelvic fractures are high-energy injuries, often accompanied by damage to the adjacent tissues and organs. For patients with pelvic trauma, active treatment is required early in the injury, because mortality can increase if appropriate treatment is not provided. In most cases, however, minimally invasive surgery is considered because extensive surgery cannot be performed due to the patient's condition. Percutaneous fixation of the pubis has been introduced because it can be applied easily to achieve the stability of the anterior part of the pelvis. Although many studies introduced percutaneous fixation of pubic bone fractures, most describe screw fixation for nondisplaced fractures. When treating displaced fractures with percutaneous screw fixation, it is difficult for the guide pin or drill bit to avoid the joint surface. Using a bent guide pin could allow easy insertion of the cannulated screw while avoiding the articular surface.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.150-156
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• 2021

Purpose: To determine how the location, displacement, intra-articular involvement, comminution of a 5th metatarsal base fracture affect results of early weight-bearing treatment. Materials and Methods: From January 2013 to July 2017, 34 cases of 34 patients diagnosed with a fracture of the zone I and II 5th metatarsal base were enrolled. The mean follow-up period was 13 months (6-15 months). One patient was excluded as a refracture during the follow-up period, and 33 patients underwent conservative treatment. Anteroposterior, lateral, and simple oblique radiography and computed tomography of the foot were performed to evaluate the location and displacement of the fracture, the degree of joint involvement, and comminution. In all 33 patients, a short leg cast or boot brace was selected immediately after the injury, tolerable weight bearing was allowed. If the pain disappeared, full weight bearing was performed after wearing a plain shoe or postoperative shoe. As a clinical result, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was evaluated at the final follow-up. During outpatient follow-up, a simple radiograph of the foot was taken to confirm the time of radiological bone union and return to work. Results: Nine males and 24 females, with an average age of 48.7 years, were enrolled in the study. Twenty-four patients had zone I fractures, and nine patients had zone II fractures. Twenty-two out of 33 patients had a fracture displacement of 2 mm or more. Nine and five patients had joint involvement and comminution, respectively. There was a statistically significant return to work from zone I to zone II. The AOFAS score was excellent at the final follow-up and there was no significant difference. When classifying and comparing the degree of fracture displacement, joint involvement, and comminution, there were no significant differences in the radiological union time and return to work. In all cases, satisfactory results were obtained at the final follow-up. Conclusion: Satisfactory clinical results can be obtained by allowing early weight-bearing regardless of the fracture location, displacement, joint involvement, or comminution in zone I and II 5th metatarsal base fractures.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2006

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of the Locking compression plate (LCP) after open reduction for the treatment of the displaced clavicular shaft fracture, the clinical and radiologic outcome of the patients who were managed with the LCP for internal fixation after open reduction has been analyzed. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 26 cases with a displaced clavicular shaft fracture treated by internal fixation using Locking compression plate after open reduction between May 2003 and November 2004. The patients were followed up for at least six months period, and final postoperative outcome was evaluated using clinical results based on Kang's criteria, radiologic signs of fusion. Results: All fractures united by an average of 9.3 weeks without delayed union and showed fast recovery of motion fraction and shoulder function. In addition,24 cases without the fractures of proximal humerus recovered to normal range of shoulder notion within 2.9 weeks. Clinically, according to Kang's criteria, the outcome was good or better in 22 patients. The complications included shoulder joint dysfunction in two cases and keloid formation in one case, and no other complications were observed. Conclusion: The internal fixation using LCP for the treatment of displaced clavicular shaft fracture is a safe, reliable method of treatment, with few complications, and offers rapid recovery of shoulder joint function and bone union.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 2020

Percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty is an option for pain relief in pathological vertebral compression fractures. Complications related to cement leakage through cortical defects have been reported. On the other hand, dural compression due to retropulsion of the tumor mass is rarely reported. The authors report a case of a 65-year female patient who had cauda equina syndrome after a percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty in a pathological vertebral fracture, even though epidural compression were not found prior to surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed retropulsion of the tumor mass into the spinal canal through the disrupted posterior vertebral cortex.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 1990

A clinical analysis was done on 23 patients(24 hips) with fracture of the femoral neck, who had been admitted and treated at our Orthopedic department during the period of 4 years, from Jan, 1984 to May 1988. The results were as follows : 1. 23 patients were comprised of 4 males and 19 females, and 11 patients were over 65 years old. 2. 18 cases of 24 cases were due to minor traumas such as slipping down, and for over 65 years old, all cases were due to simple minor traumas, 8 cases were showed a severe osteoporosis, below grade 3 of the Singh's index. 3. 14 cases of 24 cases were displaced subcapital fractures, and 6 cases displaced transcervical fractures. Only 4 cases were the undisplaced transcervical fractures. 4. In treatment of fractures internal fixations after manipulation were performed in 14 cases and primary arthroplasties in 10 cases. Secondary arthroplasties were done in complicated 4 cases of 14 cases treated with internal fixations. 5. Complications after internal fixation were developed in 7 cases out of 14 cases, avascular necrosis in 6, nonunions in 2, pin migrations in 3, and metal failure in 1 case. 6. In 14 arthroplasty immediate surgical fitness of femoral stem were related to late loosening of femoral stem(correlation coefficient r=-0.68, p<0.01).

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2002

Purpose : To evaluate the clinical results of displaced tibial intercondylar eminence fractures which were treated with transpatellar cannulated screw fixation. Materials and Methods : Ten patients with displaced tibial intercondylar eminence fractures were treated between December 1998 and May 2001 and then followed up for more than one year. They were treated arthroscopic reduction and fixation of fracture site by cannulated screw through the hole of nonarticular surface of inferior patella. They were prospectively evaluated with regard to their clinical and radiologic results. Results : Radiologic unions occurred at an average of 9.2 weeks. Average anterior displacements were 1.8 mm in stress x-rays and 1.1 mm in KT-2000 arthrometer. Average loss of extension was $4.1^{\circ}$. Functional results were excellent in 7 cases and good in 3 cases. Conclusion : Arthroscopic transpatellar cannulated screw fixation is one of the useful methods for the treatment of displaced tibial intercondylar eminence fractures.

• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.130-130
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• 2009

불안정한 주관절이 동반된 전위된 구상돌기 골절들을 내측 접근법을 통한 금속판 고정으로 안정된 고정과 만족스러운 골유합을 얻을 수 있었다.