• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.247-254
• /
• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between maxillary canine's dental maturity and skeletal maturity of growing children. Cephalometric radiographs, hand-wrist radiographs and panoramic radiographs of 299 children aged 6 - 17 years were analyzed to measure the cervical vertebral maturation stages (CVMS), skeletal maturity indicators (SMI) and Demirjian index (DI). Spearman correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between dental maturity and skeletal maturity. There was significant positive correlation between the DI and CVMS in both boys and girls (p = 0.000). Similarly positive correlation was found between the DI and SMI (p = 0.000). The results of this study suggest that the dental maturity of maxillary canine can be used as auxiliary maturity indicator in growing children.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.237-243
• /
• 2011

The purpose of study is for the certified correlations of hand-wrist radiograph with cervical vertebrae for skeletal maturation in children. Normal evaluation devices of growth stage is sexual feature, biological age, tooth development stage, height and weight. Evaluation of growth potential is very important for childhood and puberty. The skeletal developmental stages were evaluated by using the hand-wrist radiograph and cephalometric radiograph that obtained from 6 to 18 years old children. 1. Chronologic age was not more suitable indicator of skeletal development compared to Skeletal Maturity Indicators(SMI) and Cervical Vertebrae Maturation(CVM) stages. 2. SMI and CVM stages for females occurred earlier than that for male. 3. SMI 1 and 2 stages were corresponded to CVM 1; SMI 3,4 = CVM 2; SMI 5,6 = CVM 3. 4. Reproducibility and reliability of observer for SMI and CVM were excellent. This results suggest CVM stage is comparable to SMI stage in terms of evaluating the skeletal development.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.144-150
• /
• 2015

Early treatment is recommended for class III malocclusion in the primary dentition, though it is difficult to diagnose correctly. It was recommended dental maturation can possibly be used to make a differential diagnosis of skeletal class III malocclusion. This study aimed to compare dental maturation of first molars in children with skeletal or non-skeletal class III malocclusion in the primary dentition and to determine if dental maturation could be used to make a differential diagnosis of class III malocclusion. Among the children visiting the department of pediatric dentistry in Pusan National University Dental Hospital for anterior crossbite in the primary dentition, 18 were categorized into the non-skeletal class III malocclusion and 34 into the skeletal class III malocclusion. Panoramic radiographs were used to make comparative analysis of dental age and the eruption rate of the first molars. The following results were obtained. No difference was found between chronologic and dental age by the skeletal features or gender, with the latter being older than the former (p < 0.05). The discrepancies in eruption rate of first molars were significantly different between skeletal (18.91%) and non-skeletal groups (16.53%) (p < 0.05). This result implies that maturation of the first molars might be used to make a differential diagnosis of class III malocclusion.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.28 no.3 s.68
• /
• pp.409-417
• /
• 1998

The 123 left hand-wrist radiographs and menarcheal ages attained by direct questioning to patients or her mothers are used, in order to exploit the relationship between the bone maturity and the menarcheal age of girls in adolescence. The results were as follows, 1. The mean age at menarche was $12.31{\pm}0.99$. 2. The onset of menarche occurred at SMI 7 and SMI 8 ($73.33\%$). The onset of menarche was correlated with skeletal age rather than chronological age. 3. There was statistically significant difference among the time passed from menarche according to skeletal maturity level. 4. The distal epiphyseal union of radius began at about 20 months after menarche. 5. In comparision of the time intervals from menarche to radial epiphyseal fusion among early, average, and late menarcheal age groups, late group had lesser time interval than other two groups.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.414-424
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the skeletal and dental maturity according to the vertical facial type and sex in Korean children in the developmental stage. In total, 184 participants aged 8 - 14 years were selected and divided into three groups based on the mandibular plane angle. For the comparison between the sexes, the three groups were each divided into male and female subgroups. The skeletal and dental maturity were assessed using lateral cephalograms, hand-wrist radiographs and panoramic radiographs. The vertical growth group showed significantly greater cervical vertebral and hand-wrist maturity than that in the horizontal growth group. Dental maturity was the highest in the vertical growth group. Girls showed greater skeletal maturity than boys, and no distinct difference was observed between the dental maturity of the sexes. Analysis of the vertical facial type in children can provide ancillary indicators that may help determine the optimal timing for orthodontic treatment initiation. Earlier initiation of orthodontic treatment may be considered for patients with vertical facial growth patterns.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.108-113
• /
• 2004

This study was to evaluate and compare differences of the cervical vertebral skeletal maturity of normal occlusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion. Normal occlusion (172 girls) and skeletal Class III malocclusion(191 girls) were classified according to diagnosis stone model and lateral cephalogram of Korean girls aging from 8 to 12 years. The concavity of inferior border, vertico-horizontal ratio of cervical vertebrae were observed and measured according to age. Differences of the cervical vertebral skeletal maturity were evaluated. The results were as follows : 1. The concavity of inferior border of the 2nd to 6th vertebrae of normal occlusion and skeletal Class III had uniformly increased with age. 2. The vertico-horizontal ratio of the 3rd to 6th vertebrae of girls with normal occlusion and skeletal Class III had uniformly increased with age. 3. There was no significant difference in cervical vertebral skeletal maturity between normal occlusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion in the concavity of inferior border of the 2nd to 6th vertebrae and in the vertico-horizontal ratio of the 3rd to 6th vertebrae. The results in the study indicate that there is no significant difference of cervical vertebral skeletal maturity between girls with normal occlusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.225-232
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to compare skeletal maturity index and dental developmental stages based on skeletal malocclusion. A total of 192 patients (89 male and 103 female) between 6 to 14 years old were selected for this study and underwent cephalograms, panorama radiographs, and hand-wrist radiographs. Any syndromic cases were excluded. Selected clinical parameters were dichotomised for statistical analysis. Chi-square, logistic regression analysis, and independent t-tests were used for the statistical evaluation. Canine, first molar, and second molar calcification were significantly associated with skeletal maturity in the logistic regression model (p < 0.05). In addition, patients who had higher skeletal maturity index were 11.43 times more likely to be female than those who had lower skeletal maturity index (p < 0.001). The patients with skeletal class II malocclusion displayed significantly higher dental developmental stage in canines, first premolars, first molars, and second molars than the patients with class III malocclusion (p < 0.05). The dental developmental stage of the patients was significantly associated with skeletal maturity. In addition, there was a significant difference between class II and class III malocclusion with some types of tooth calcification.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.46-52
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to compare the skeletal maturation of cervical vertebrae according to vertical skeletal patterns in the adolescents. Lateral cephalograms of 198 subjects(10 years old), 216 subjects(12 years old), and 138 subjects(14 years old) were reviewed, and subjects were classified according to vertical skeletal patterns. The 30 subjects were selected with the greatest predominance of vertical growth, and the other 30 subjects, with the greatest predominance of horizontal growth; these subjects comprised the vertical and horizontal groups, respectively. For evaluating of skeletal maturation, the concavity of inferior border and verticohorizontal ratio of cervical vertebrae were observed and measured according to age. The measurements were analyzed statistically by SPSS computerized program. The results were as follows : In general, the concavity of the inferior border of the cervical vertebrae was greater in the horizontal group than the vertical group in all of the 10, 12, 14 year olds, but was not statistically significant. The vertico-horizontal ratio of the 3rd and 4th vertebra of the horizontal groups was a significantly larger than the vertical groups in 12 year olds but did not show any statistical significance in 10 and 14 year olds. There were a weak negative correlations between SUM, FMA and the vertico-horizontal ratio for each groups at 12 ages.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 2019

This study aimed to analyze the association of midpalatal suture (MPS) maturation stages with skeletal maturation and age and to obtain references for establishing a treatment plan for rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images from 480 children (240 boys, 240 girls) aged 7 - 15 years were obtained. MPS maturation stages and cervical vertebral maturation indicator (CVMI) were evaluated, and the correlations between MPS maturation stages, CVMI, and age were determined using the Spearman's correlation test. The positive likelihood ratio (LHR) of CVMI for MPS maturation stages was calculated. MPS maturation stages and CVMI showed a strong correlation. Especially, CVMI 1 - 3 showed positive LHR greater than 10 for the diagnosis of stages A - C. MPS maturation stages and age were correlated strongly in girls and moderately in boys. Conventional RME produces the most favorable skeletal effect at CVMI 1 - 3 or those up to 12 years of age and fewer skeletal effects at CVMI 4 or at 13 years of age in girls and 13 - 15 years in boys. It is recommended to evaluate MPS maturation stages using CBCT before RME application at CVMI 5, 6 or at 14, 15 years of age in girls.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.594-603
• /
• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the issue in obese children with a high probability of leading to precocious puberty for they have more advanced skeletal maturation compared to normal children in order to contribute to the health of obese children by identifying the relationship between physique and physical fitness according to their skeletal maturation. A total of 243 obese children between the ages of 10-13 were enrolled as subjects, and the skeletal maturation, which symbolize indicators of biological maturation, were evaluated by using the TW3 method after hand-wrist radiographs, thus classified the skeletal maturation level into retarded group(n=70), normal group(n=128), and advanced group(n=45). A stadiometer and InBody 270 (Biospace, Korea) were used to measure 3 components in physique. A total of 7 components in physical fitness, which included muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, power, cardiovascular endurance, balance, agility, were measured as well. Descriptive statistics and one-way variable analysis (ANOVA) were conducted for data processing using SPSS 25.0, and Duncan's multiple-range method was used for post hoc analysis; and it was considered significant at the level of P< .05. Analysis results of this study may be summarized as follow. First, height and weight in physique factors according to the skeletal maturation between the retarded, normal, and advanced groups in males and females were highly significant. Second, physical fitness comparison according to the skeletal maturation in males were statistically significant in muscular strength, power, and agility whereas muscular strength and balance were statistically significant in females.