• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.39 no.8 s.265
• /
• pp.633-636
• /
• 2006

The partial endocardial cushion defect including ostium primum atrial septal defect and anterior mitral leaflet cleft, presents less significant clinical symptoms than complete endocardial cushion defect. But, as mitral insufficiency develops, cardiomegaly, congestive heart failure, pulmonary arterial hypypertension appear. So, partial endocardial cushion defect has poor prognosis and is rarely seen in elderly patients. A 67 years old woman admitted at our hospital for operative treatment with partial endocardial cushion defect. She had increased pulmonary pressure of 45/22 mmHg, mean 32 mmHg. She had repair of ostium primum defect with patch, and the mitral valve was treated with valve replacement. Because advanced atrioventricular block developed postoperatively, she received permanent pacemaker.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
• /
• 1977.06a
• /
• pp.3.3-3
• /
• 1977

For a year from Jan. 1976 to Dec. 1976, the authors have performed the clinical observation in accordance with audiometric test and clinical findings of 43 cases (male 25: female 18) who were diagnosed of diabetes mellitus in diabetic clinic of our hospital. The results are as follows; 1) Eight of 43 cases reveal hearing impairment, and almostly abrupt drop or descending in hearing types. 2) The incidence of hearing impairment is higher in middle and older age group. 3) Hearing impairment has not related to duration of the disease but blood sugar level and total serum cholesterol level in some extent. 4) The incidence of hearing impairment is higher in cases accompanied by complications such as retinopathy, hypertension, neuropathy etc. 5) In etiology of hearing impairment, multiple factors seem to be concerned.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 1991

Recently many authors have reported about the relationship of the volumes of hemorrhage in the brain parenchyme, hemorrhagic sites, optimal operation time, and the effects of mannitol and steroid on control of ICP to clinical manifestations. Many attempts to measue ICP in hydrocephalus, brain tumor, and head injury have been reported. But the measurements of intracranial pressure in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage are rare. Intracranial pressure was monitored prospectively in 30 patients who had stereotaxic surgery for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. The results are as follows. 1. Intracranial pressure was increased in high $PaCO_2$. 2. There were no correlation in ICP, rebleeding and ADL at discharge(P > 0.05). 3. ICP was the most high level in 72 hours after operation. 4. There was 63.2% decrease in ICP after litigation with 6000 IU urokinase in the site of hemorrhage. 5. There was no correlation between the numbers of natural drainage and ADL at discharge(P > 0.05). 6. The higher the initial GCS, the higher the Postoperative GCS.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.32 no.9
• /
• pp.835-839
• /
• 1999

Since the first report of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with end-stage renal disease in 1974, numerous reports have documented the feasibility of CABG in patients with chronic renal diseases. Patients with chronic renal failure often have comorbid disorders such as hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, each with their own complications and associated impact on both short and long-term survivals. In addition, infection and sepsis have been identified as significant causes of morbidity and mortality in most series of patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing cardiac surgical procedure. As a result of these and other factors such as perioperative volume and electrolyte disturbances, patients with chronic renal failures are at an increased risk of complication and mortality after CABG. We report 3 cases of "Off-pump" CABG in the chronic renal failure patients. patients.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.138-150
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the regional disparity of ambulatory health care utilization considering spatio-temporal variation in South Korea during 1996-2008(precisely, in 1996, 1999, 2002, 2005, and 2008) using bayesian hierarchial spatio-temporal model. The spatial pattern uses an intrinsic gaussian conditional autoregressive (CAR) error component. Ornstein-Uhlenbeck method was applied to detect the temporal patterns. The results showed that substantial temporal-geographical variation depending on diseases exists in Korea. On the Contrary to the pattern of total outpatient utilizations, for example, the areas that chronic diseases distributed relatively high were most in rural where the proportion of elderly population was higher than in the urban. Chungcheongnam-do, Junlabuk-do, and Kyeongsangbuk-do had higher risks in hypertension, whereas arthritis was higher risk in the Kyeonggi-do, Chungcheongbuk-do, Junlanam-do, and Junlabuk-do. The results of this study suggested that the effective health intervention programmes needed to alleviate the regional variation of health care utilization. These outcomes also provided the foundation for further investigation of risk factors and interventions in these high-risk areas.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.51-55
• /
• 2014

Primary renal artery aneurysm has been estimated to account for an incidence of 0.015-1% with associated morbidities including renovascular hypertension and rupture. Renovascular hypertension associated renal artery aneurysms in children is not a common disease. In patients with complicated renal vascular disease, renal autotransplantation has been used as an alternative to percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, which may be hazardous in these situations. We report a case of a renal artery aneurysm in a 13-year-old Korean child presenting hypertension detected during school health examination. Preoperative workup demonstrated a $2.8{\times}2.1{\times}1.9$ cm saccular aneurysm in the right renal hilum that was not amendable to endovascular repair. A surgical strategy including extracorporeal renal artery reconstruction with autotransplantation was applied in order to restore renal artery anatomy and to treat renovascular hypertension. Immediately he complained of severe right flank pain and postoperative doppler sonography revealed lack of perfusion. On the 5th day after autotransplantation, the patient underwent a transplant nephrectomy. He was well postoperatively and was found to have a normal kidney function and stable blood pressure control without antihypertensive medication. This is the first pediatric case of renal artery aneurysm in Korea who underwent extracorporeal repair followed by autotransplantation failure. More pediatric cases with renal artery aneurysm should be reported to identify therapeutic outcome and long term prognosis.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 2020

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and is caused by a variety of causes. The highest risk factor for cardiovascular disease is high blood pressure, which has no obvious symptoms, but if left untreated, it causes several complications. In order to treat hypertension, medication and regular exercise are required. In people with high blood pressure, excessive physical activity can put a great strain on the heart and lead to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, there is a need for an exercise intensity monitoring system through PTT measurement that can perform exercise at an appropriate intensity. In this study, we implemented a PTT change monitoring system according to exercise intensity by calculating PTT through ECG and PPG measurement. The implemented system differentiates the R-peak of the ECG and P-peak of the PPG, and calculates the PTT using the time difference between R-peak and P-peak. A running experiment was conducted to monitoring PTT change according to exercise intensity. As a result of the experiment, low intensity PTT is 0.313s, moderate is 0.220s, high is 0.188s, it was confirmed that the PTT decreased as the exercise increase increased.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.705-710
• /
• 2001

Objective : Postoperative seizure is a well documented complication of aneurysm surgery. The purpose of the present study was to analyze risk factors for postoperative seizure. Methods : Between January 1990 and December 1996, we performed craniotomy for ruptured cerebral aneurysms in 321 patients. Among them 206 patients who could be followed up for more than 1 year(range, 1 to 4.6 years) were enrolled to present study. All patients were treated with anticonvulsants for 3 to 18 months postoperatively. We analyze the incidence of postoperative seizure in different sex and age groups, and risk factors associated with postoperative seizures following aneurysm rupture. For statistical processing chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used. Results : In the follow-up period of 1 to 4.6 years(mean, 1.8 years) postoperative seizure appeared in 18 out of 206 patients(8.7%). Mean latency between the operation and the first seizure was 6 months(range, 3 weeks to 18 months). The age of the patients has significant influence on the risk of seizure, it occurred more often in younger patients(p =0.0014). Aneurysm location in the MCA was associated with a significantly a higher risk of seizure(p = 0.042). Eight patients(19%) out of 42 patients who suffered delayed ischemic neurologic deficit(DID) developed seizure. Delayed ischemic neurologic deficit was associated with significantly a higher risk of seizure(p =0.019). Infarct and hypertension were associated with significantly a higher risk of seizure(p <0.05). pre- or postoperative intracranial hematoma(intracerebral or epidural hematoma) was associated with significantly a higher risk of seizure(p <0.0001). H-H grade, Fisher grade, Glasgow Outcome Scale of patients and timing of operation after subarachnoid hemorrhage had no significant relation with the risk of seizure. Conclusion : Factors associated with the development of postoperative seizure were middle cerebral artery aneurysm, delayed ischemic neurologic deficit, infarct on late postoperative CT scan, hypertension, pre or postoperative intracranial hematoma(intracerebral or epidural hematoma). Identification of the risk factors may be help to focus the antiepileptic drug threapy in cases prone to develop seizures. Prospective evaluation is indicated.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.38C no.9
• /
• pp.822-829
• /
• 2013

Hypertension is one of the most common clinical diseases, with an increasing prevalence globally. Hypertension triggers various harmful consequences and affects multiple organs. Life-long care may be required in some cases. According to the Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of hypertension is gradually increasing. A 2011 survey revealed that 28.9% of Korean adults had hypertension. The prevalence rates were slightly higher among men than women. Accurate measurement of blood pressure(BP) is crucial to classify patients, to identify BP-related risks, and to inform correct treatment. For accurate blood pressure measurement, the use of a cuff bladder size appropriate for the mid-upper arm circumference(MUAC) is essential. Incorrect sized cuff bladder is one of the main causes of equipment error affecting sphygmomanometer accuracy. When commercial sphygmomanometers were examined, the cuff bladders differed from the dimensions specified in the ISO 81060-1:2007 standards. Undercuffing is responsible for a spurious overestimation of BP in patients with large arms leading to overdiagnosis of hypertension, whereas overcuffing (that is, use of relatively large cuffs with small arms), may be responsible for an opposite problem, leading to erroneous underestimation of BP levels. The cuff bladder sizes recommended by the American Heart Association(AHA) are an arm circumference(AC) of 17-25 cm for small-sized adults, AC of 24-32 cm for adults, AC of 32-42 cm for normal-sized adults, and AC of 42-50 cm for obese adults. In contrast, the AC of Korean adults ranges from 23-31 cm, belonging to a single type of adult bladder. Three types of bladders are necessary for Korean adults with an AC of 23-31cm. Hospitals often use one or two differently-sized Western cuffs for adult patients, which can yield inaccurate BP determinations. Cuff bladders with dimensions based on anthropometric reference data obtained from Koreans will aid hospitals to measure BP more accurately.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.27-30
• /
• 1974

It was planned to evaluate the influence of Panax Ginseng upon hepatic DNA synthesis in mice by observing incorporation of $[^3H]$ thymidine into the tissue cells. Thirty male mice$(body\;weight:\;18{\sim}20\;g)$ were divided equally into the ginseng and the saline groups. Each animal of the ginseng and the saline groups received every day (subcutaneously) 0.05 m1/10 g body weight of ginseng extract (4mg of ginseng alcohol extract in 1 ml of saline) and the same amount of saline, respectively, for 5 days. On the 5th experimental day, all animals received $1\;{\mu}Ci/g$ body weight of $[^3H]$ thymidine intraperitoneally 2 hours after the last medication. Five animals, at a lime, of each group were sacrificed 1, 10, and 24 hours after thymidine administration, and their hepatic radioactivity was measured autoradiographically in terms of the % number of radioactive cells in 1,000 cell counts (Radioactive Index, R.I.). Following results were obtained: 1. The hepatic radioactive indices obtained from the saline group 1, 10, and 24 hour after $[^3H]$ thymidine administration were $3.23{\pm}0.23,\;5.20{\pm}0.21,\;and\;6.00{\pm}0.30\;(mean{\pm}S.D.)$, respectively. 2. The corresponding values obtained from the ginseng group $(4.22{\pm}0.33,\;6.32{\pm}0.32,\;and\;7.42{\pm}0.35)$ were significant higher than the values of the saline group. The inference from the above results was that the ginseng facilitated hepatic DNA synthesis.