• Title/Summary/Keyword: 고소차

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Analysis of Determinants of Employment Quality of Youth in Seoul: Focused on Population Movement, Labor Market Trends, Job Duration and Wages (서울시 청년층의 고용의 질 결정요인 분석: 인구이동, 노동시장 동향, 일자리 지속기간 및 임금을 중심으로)

  • Hwang, Kwanghoon
    • Land and Housing Review
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.39-54
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    • 2022
  • Using the 1st to 13th rounds of occupational history data of the Korea Employment Information Service's Youth Panel (YP2007), this study explores the trends and characteristics of the youth labor market in Seoul. We further empirically investigated the job duration and wage determinants of youth employed in Seoul. The results confirm that workers who have a higher income and a higher consistency with their majors are less likely to leave. In addition, we find that workers in full-time, householders, or labor unions have a higher income if they are men and work in large companies. In particular, compared to the reference group (appropriate academic background, appropriate skill), mismatches in the lack of education and skill showed a wage increase effect of 4.9% and 5.5%, respectively. For the major consistency, the wage of the matched major group is 3.8% higher than the non-matched major group.

Effects of Germanium Treatment during Cultivation of Soybean Sprouts (게르마늄 처리가 콩나물의 생장에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Eun-Jeong;Lee, Kyeoung-Im;Park, Kun-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.615-620
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    • 2002
  • This study was conducted to elucidate the characteristics of soybean sprouts cultured in water containing germanium. In three varieties of Eunhakong, Seomoktae and Subaktae, the yields of germanium soybean sprout were 10~20% more than those of control soybean sprouts after 5 day-cultivation. The hypocotyl of germanium soybean sprouts was thicker than that of control soybean sprouts, but there were no significant differences in the length of hypocotyl and the thickness of cotyledon. Germanium soybean sprouts showed deeper green and yellow color than control soybean sprouts. In addition, the hardness exhibited strongly in germanium soybean sprouts, especially Seomoktae. In the sensory evaluation, germanium soybean sprouts were better than control soybean sprouts in appearance, taste, flavor and preference.

참깨의 수세 후 탈수 정도에 따른 참깨 볶음 조건과 참기름 품질 영향 비교

  • 모승영;이우진;은종방
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.153-153
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    • 2003
  • 우리나라와 일본에서 특유의 향미로 인해 오래 전부턴 조미식품으로 애용되었던 참기름은 최근 토코페롤과 세사몰류 항산화 성분의 인체 기능성으로 인해 유지시장에 서 더욱 증가일로에 있다. 지금까지 좋은 향미와 품질을 지닌 참기름을 얻기 위해 참깨의 roasting조건에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔으나, 가공 전처리인 이물질 제거를 위한 수세 작업 및 탈수 작업에 관한 연구는 아직까지 없었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 이물질을 제거하는 수세 작업을 한 후 수분의 제거 정도 즉, 참깨가 roasting 과정으로 들어가기 직전의 수분 함량이 참기름의 제조와 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 시료 350g을 수세 후 24 hr, 48 hr, 120 hr 실온에서 송풍 건조를 시켜 참깨 자체의 수분 함량을 각각 17.14%, 11.78%, 6.08%로 조절하여 착유하였다. 수분함량이 다른 세 군 시료를 각기 24$0^{\circ}C$, 26$0^{\circ}C$, 28$0^{\circ}C$에서 20분간 roasting하여 착유된 참기름에 대해 이화학적 품질 특성을 알기 위해 seed와 oil의 색도, 산가, 과산화물가, TBA가, 점도와 굴절률을 측정하였다. 또한, sample single test(5점 척도)를 이용한 관능검사를 행하여 benny, nutty, burnt flavor 및 전체적 만족도와 향의 강도 항목을 조사한 후 상관분석을 실시하였다. roasted sesame seed와 oil에 대해 색도를 측정하고 분산 분석을 실시한 결과, 참깨의 색도 중 L*가 R-suare=1로서 전체 자료가 모형을 잘 설명해줌을 의미하는데, 고수분 시료일수록 whiteness가 높게 나왔고(60이상), 고온일수록 미미한 감소가 나타났다. 이것은 수분함량이 시료의 건화속도에 요인자로 작용함을 말해준다. oil의 L*도 마찬가지 경향을 보이나 고수분 시료구의 경우(40 이상), 타 시료구(20이하)에 비해 백색도가 높은 것을 볼 수 있어 볶음에 더 많은 시간을 투자해야 함을 보여주었다. 그러나 a*와b*는 시료구간 뚜렷한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 참기름에 대하여 화학적 품질 평가로 산가는 수분함량 시료구별로 1.204, 3.28, 1.862가 측정되었고, 과산화물가는 0.493, 0.169, 0.315가 기록되었고, TBA가 또한 13.45, 10.27, 11.73로서 시료의 수분 함량과 상관없이 초기 산패 경향은 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 참기름의 물리적 품질요소로서 점도는 평균 85.57 cS, 굴절률은 평균 1.471로서 시험구간 이화학적 차이는 없는 것으로 드러났다. 관능검사결과의 상관분석에서는 beany와 burnt flavor간에 -0.9975(p<0.05)의 음상관을, nutty flavor와 전체favor간에 0.99662의 양상관(p$\leq$0.05)을 보였고, burnt와 향의 strength, 전체 favor와 nutty flavor간에도 상관성이 높았다. strength와 nutty 항목간에도 0.982의 높은 상관을 보였으나 전체 favor와 burnt 항목간에는 높은 음상관(-0.9862)을 보였다. 고수분 함량의 시료는 28$0^{\circ}C$의 고온 처리시 외에는 향미가 좋지 못한 것으로 나타났고, 수분량이 적은 실험구는 고온일수록 향과 고소함은 강해지나 수분 보유량이 적어 타 실험구에 비해 탄내가 많이 발생하였다. 향미 만족도는 중간 수분량, 26$0^{\circ}C$ 볶음 처리구가 가장 컸다. 결론적으로 수분함량을 10~12%로 조절한 시료로 26$0^{\circ}C$~28$0^{\circ}C$에서 20분 이내로 roasting할 때가 좋은 참기름을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

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An Analysis of the Polarization of the Middle-aged and Old Worker's Employment by Age and Gender (성·연령별 중·고령 노동자의 취업 양극화 분석)

  • Lee, Sung Yong;Phang, Hanam
    • 한국노년학
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.593-610
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    • 2009
  • The Purpose of this study are to examine the middle-age and old worker's employment rates by age and gender at economic depression and recovery periods after the economic crisis, to identify the main 3causes of the change of the middle-age and old worker's employment rates between two periods, and to analyze whether the determinants affecting the middle-age and old worker's employment may be different by age and gender. For this study, The Annual Korean Labor Panel data(from 1st to 7th) are used. The results show that the employment rates are increased in the economic recovery period, and the difference between male and female employment rates decrease as ages go up. As we predicted, the determinants affecting the middle-age and old worker's employment are different by age and gender. For example, the existence of partner has positive effect on the male employment, but negative effect on female employment. The increases of the middle and old age worker's employment rates in the recovery period are mainly caused by the extension of the individualism(that is, the increases of the middle and upper class workers' employment), rather than the increases of the poor workers' employment rates due to the poverty(that is, the increases of the lower and poor class workers' employment). In the recovery period, comparing to the economic depression periods, the middle-age and old workers in the high class were likely to remain his(her) a good job while those in lower class are more difficult to get a job. This results show that the polarization of middle-age and old worker's employment has been appeared in the recovery periods(after 2001).

Flavor and taste characteristic of black pepper by different nonthermal sterilization methods (비가열 살균 후추의 향미특성)

  • Lee, Gwang Min;Shin, Jung Kue
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.51 no.6
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    • pp.551-557
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of flavor and taste characteristics of black pepper treated with three different nonthermal sterilization methods, which are intense pulsed light (IPL), ultraviolet (UV), and cold plasma (CP). Also, the sensorial and instrumental evaluation of black pepper before and after nonthermal treatments were analyzed. As a result of color value, UV and CP treatments did not show chromacity difference (ΔE), but IPL treatment showed a significant difference of 6.58. Piperine contents of sample before nonthermal treatments was 10.7±0.53 mg/g and the piperine contents of all samples decreased after nonthermal treatments. The result of the electronic nose analysis were divided into two groups before and after nonthermal treatments, and divided into three group by principle component analysis. According to the intensity test, after nonthermal treatments, all sample had low flavor and taste, and the intensity was in the order of IPL, CP, and UV. In thirteen sensory attribute languages developed through quantitiative descriptive analysis (QDA), the intensity value of the samples were low after nonthermal treatments.

The Odor Discriminents Analysis and the Comparison of Flavor Components in Korean and Chinese Sesame Oils (한국산 및 중국산 참기름의 향기성분 비교 및 전자코 장치를 이용한 Odor 판별 분석)

  • 권영주;이재곤;등개야;이규희;오만진
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.200-205
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    • 1999
  • This experiment was carried out to search mm reasonable and scientific method to distinguish Korean sesame with Chinese sesame. Sesame samples used in this study were Korean variety cultivated in Chochiwon City of Korea (KvKc), Chinese variety cultivated in Jilin Province of China (CvCc), Chinese variety cultivated in Chochiwon city of Korea (CvKc) and Korean variety cultivated in Jilin Province of China (KvCc). In volatile flavor components analysis, 41 component were identified from KvKc and 39 components from CvCc. Major flavor components were pyrazines and furans. Pyrazines compositions of KvKc and CvCc were 55.4% and 56.8%, respectively while furans compositions of KvKc and CvCc were 27.0% and 20.4%, respectively. Other flavor components pattern showed no difference. When the headspace volatiles of sesame oils were analyzed using Electronic Nose System and the obtained data were interpreted using statistical method of MANOVA and Discriminant analysis, characteristic patterns of sesame oil odors were different from each other according to variety as well as cultivated area. These results suggest that Korean sesame oils may be distinguished from Chinese sesame oils by using Electronic Nose System.

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Quality Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Cream Soup prepared with Soybean Flour (콩가루 분말을 첨가하여 제조한 크림수프의 품질 특성 및 항산화 활성)

  • Kim, Hyun Jo;Park, JinJoo;Lee, Joo Yeon;Hwang, Eun-Sun
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.427-434
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    • 2016
  • The study was conducted to investigate quality properties and sensory characteristics of soup prepared with 0, 30, 40, and 50% soybean flour instead of wheat flour. Total moisture contents of soup among the different groups were not significantly different, whereas the ash, crude lipid, and crude protein contents of soup increased with increasing levels of soybean flour. pH and total acidity of the test sample added with soybean flour were similar compared to the control, whereas sugar content increased with higher amounts of soybean flour. In the chromaticity determination, L, a and b values increased with increasing level of soybean flour. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents increased with increasing levels of soybean flour. The antioxidant activity of samples measured based on DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were significantly higher than the control, and proportionally increased as the amount of soybean flour increased. In the sensory evaluation, addition of 40% soybean flour resulted in the best scores for flavor, taste, thickness, and overall acceptance. Addition of 40% soybean flour increased the intensity of softness and nutty taste and reduced oily taste compared to the control. These results suggest that addition of 40% soybean flour could be applied for preparation of cream soup.

Investigation on the Use of Paraquat and Diquat as a Desiccant for Sesame Harvest-Aid (참깨 수확을(收穫) 위한 건조제(乾燥劑)로서 Paraquat와 Diaquat의 이용(利用)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Han, S.S.;Park, K.H.;Yoo, C.H.;Lee, Y.K.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.7-13
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    • 1993
  • Experiments were carried out to investigate the utilization of paraquat and diquat as desiccants for harvest-aid of sesame. When paraquat and diquat were sprayed at 3days or 3hours before cutting of sesame plants, moisture content in treated plots was evenly rapidly decreased and sesame yeild was not significantly different as compared with that in untreated plot. Percentage of germination of sesame seed in treated plots was similar to that in untreated check. Residual amount in sesame seed was not detectable when these chemicals were treated with 250ppm at 3days before cutting of sesame plant. Percentage of thrashing was high in sesame plants treated with paraquat and diauat with the lapse of time after cutting. Required labor in thrashing of sesame was reduced when applied with these chemicals. Harvest efficiency of sesame after spray of paraquat and diquat was good by comparison with the traditional practice.

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Organoleptic Sweetness of Aspartame as Affected by Temperature, pH, Salt and Quinine (아스파탐의 단맛에 온도, pH, 소금, quinine이 미치는 영향)

  • Chung, Nam-Yong;Kim, Woo-Jung
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.162-168
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    • 1996
  • Effects of temperature, pH and addition of NaCl and quinine on sweetness and recognition threshold of aspartame were investigated. Changes in flavor of some foods were also studied when aspartame was added. The sweetness of 0.02% aspartame, the equi-sweetness of 4.3% sugar, was organoleptically evaluated by multiple comparison test at variouse range of temperature ($4^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, $40^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$ and $80^{\circ}C$), pH (3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5), NaCl (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0%) and quinine (0.001, 0.003 and 0.005%). The highest sweetness was obtained at $20^{\circ}C$ and pH 3.0-4.5. Addition of NaCl at 0.5% level showed the highest sweetness which was decreased thereafter. The sweetness was significantly decreased by the addition of quinine. The recognition threshold of aspartame was the lowest at $20^{\circ}C$ and pH 3.0-4.5. Lower in bitterness and higher In ginseng flavor were noted in ginseng tea with aspartame than in that without aspartame. Improved roasted flavor and decreased undesirable odor and taste were resulted in soymilk with the addition of aspartame. The flavors of orange, apple and strawberry were enhanced by aspartame in orange juice, apple juice and strawberry juice, respectively.

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Effects of Pruning on the Fruiting and Fruit Characteristics of Old Aged Chestnut (밤나무 노령목 전정처리가 결실 및 과실특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Oh, Sung-Il;Kim, Chang-Hyun;Byeon, Si-Eun;Kim, Chul-Woo;Lee, Uk
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2019.04a
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    • pp.114-114
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    • 2019
  • 밤나무는 임업분에서 재배역사가 가장 오래된 임산물 중 하나로써 다양한 지역에서 재배되고 있다. 또한 우리나라의 대표적인 단기소득 임산물로서 1970년대부터 산림청에서 고소득 작목으로 적극 권장하면서 전국적으로 보급되었고 이후 밤 생산량은 점차 증가하였으나 최근 생산자의 노령화에 따른 노동력 부족 및 밤나무 수령 증가에 따라 밤 생산량이 감소하고 있다. 본 연구는 이천지역에서 노령화된 밤나무 '단택'(45년생)을 선정하고 전정처리에 따른 밤나무의 결실 및 과실특성 조사를 통해 노령목 밤나무의 효율적인 재배관리기술의 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행하였다. 노령목 밤나무의 평균 수고 및 수관폭은 10.8 m, 8.5 m(N-S), 8.6 m(E-W)로 조사되었으며, 전정 후 수고 및 수관폭은 5.0 m, 4.1 m(N-S), 4.5 m(E-W)로 나타났다. 전정처리에 따른 착구수는 무처리구에서 216.9개로 전정처리구(144.8개) 보다 많았지만 입중은 전정처리구가 23.1 g으로 무처리구 15.7 g보다 높게 나타났다. 밤 과실의 당도 및 경도는 각각 무처리구 $14.8^{\circ}Brix$, 92.7 N, 전정처리구 $15.2^{\circ}Brix$, 93.9 N으로 처리간 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 과실등급은 '특'(22g 이상), '대'(18~22g), '중'(15~18g), 소(15g 미만) 4등급으로 분류하였다. 과실등급 비율은 무처리구와 전정처리구에서 각각 '특'(11.9%, 59.5%), '대'(22.0%, 21.6%), '중'(21.2%, 11.1%), '소'(44.9%, 7.8%)로 전정처리구가 무처리구보다 '특' 및 '대' 비율이 2.4배 높았다. 따라서 밤나무 노령목의 전정처리는 상품성이 우수한 높은 등급의 과실생산에 효율적인 것으로 판단된다.

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