• Communications of Mathematical Education
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.171-199
• /
• 2022

In this study, we review contents to supplement the descriptions of the history of mathematics in the 2015 mathematics textbooks and teacher guides for the elementary school level and offer our opinion on them. For this purpose, we conducted a literature review on 24 types of 2015 mathematics textbooks and teacher guides for the elementary school level. The results of this study are as follows: A total of 10 topics were found whose contents were supplemented with descriptions. They were the "Arithmetic of the Ancient Egyptians," the "A'h-mosè Papyrus in Mathematics Textbooks of the Ancient Egyptians," "The Old Akkadian Square Band in Mesopotamia," "The Relationship of the Old Babylonians in Mesopotamia with the Angle," "The Pi of the Ancient Egyptians and the Old Babylonians," "The Square Roots 2 of the Ancient Egyptians and the Old Babylonians," "The Relationship of the Islamites with the Decimal Fraction," "Two Arguments for the Roots of the Golden Ratio," "The Relationship of Archimedes with the Exhaustion Method," and "The Design of Flats." Then, their specific supplements were suggested. It is expected that this will overcome the perspective of the history of the Axial Age and acknowledge and accept the perspective evidencing the transfer of mathematical culture from Ancient Egypt and Old Babylonia to Ancient Greece and Hellenism, and then through Central Asia to Europe.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.31-42
• /
• 2005

Renaissance is revival of the ancient Greek and Roman cultures. So, in Renaissance period, the artists began to study Euclidean geometry and then their mind was a spirit of experience and observation. These spirits is namely modernism. In other words, Renaissance was a dawn of modern times. In this paper, we notice modern spirits and ones social backgrounds. Differential and integral calculus was created by these modern spirits. And in art field, 'painter of light', 'artist of moment' appeared. Because in the 17th and 18th centuries, the intelligentsia researched for motions, speeds and lights.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.13-29
• /
• 2023

This study aims to provide a theoretical examination of symmetry and its implications for science education. For this purpose, first, we examined the way of thinking of Western science in general through ancient Greek scholars. Second, we divided the perception of symmetry into ancient and modern times. Third, we draw out the implications for science education. The results of this study show that, first, the way of thinking in Western science is 'abstraction', which began with Parmenides and was established by Plato. Second, the ancient perception of symmetry is symmetry as beautiful proportions and harmony based on abstraction, and the modern perception of symmetry is symmetry as an invariant perspective based on abstraction that seeks to find constancy in change. We examined Eratosthenes' experiment to measure the circumference of the earth as an example of ancient symmetry, and Galilean relativity or transformation as examples of modern symmetry. Third, the implications for science education are as follows. Awareness of symmetry can help educate students about the nature of science, as it is a central theme that runs through ancient and modern science. Second, the Eratosthenes' experiment and Galilean relativity or transformations are not represented in the 2022 revised curriculum, but could support understanding of science and key competencies and concepts. Finally, an integrated approach to science education centered on symmetry can have a positive impact on scientific attitudes and interest.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
• /
• no.113
• /
• pp.61-92
• /
• 2016

In the Western civilization, the concept of culture has traditionally the meaning of education or forming the moral humanity. However, this meaning of culture has recently changed since the advent of cultural relativism which lays stress on the cultural diversity. The current meaning of culture lies in the ways of life, whatever they are. It indicates that culture has nothing to do with universal human nature and morality, as the new concept of culture is only based on the historical and contingent life-situations of people in the each special area. Against this current view of culture, this paper contends that culture and humanity(human nature) are closely connected with each other and that every culture is rooted in the universal human nature. So culture could have a great influence on humanity and forming of moral community. This thesis might be justified by Husserl's view on the philosophical culture of the ancient Greece. According to Husserl, the philosophy in the ancient Greece intended to realize the idea of true humanity and to build the moral community. Husserl's interpretation of the philosophical culture is based on his belief that philosophy as an ideal culture transcends the cultural diversity and historical contingency and strives for a universal human community, in which all mankind are harmonized and live well. The philosophical culture would -so Husserl- result in the moral community. Against this conception of the moral cultural community, could man argue that the idea of the moral community be an ideal dream which could not be realized considering the irrational and immoral character of community. However, this argument should be refuted, because it has overlooked the moral and open-minded character of culture with the feeling of solidarity.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.211-219
• /
• 2021

Chinese Tibetan Opera is a highly comprehensive drama type, which combines the educational aesthetic characteristics of the realism of Western drama and the freehand of Chinese opera, including mask play, square play, ritual play and religious play. Tibetan opera, as a kind of local drama, has high research value, which is determined by its educational aesthetic characteristics. The world's three major dramas include Sanskrit dramas in India, tragic-comedies in ancient Greece and Chinese dramas, which have different forms of expression and educational aesthetic characteristics. Because of the particularity of its birthplace, Tibetan Opera inherits some of the three forms of the above three dramas. Ancient Greek tragedies originate from the sacrificial ritual of the god of wine. In the early ceremonial action performances, the actors were all men and needed to wear masks to perform. In Tibetan opera, men also play a role in masks, which are originated from the folk totem dance and religious pantomime music and dance. Due to the long history of Indian Sanskrit drama, except for the relevant records in dance theory, the specific performance form can not be verified. However, according to the relevant records in dance theory, the three characters "Wenba", "Jialu" and "Lamu" in the opening play of Tibetan opera are similar to the "concept character play" in Sanskrit opera. Tibetan Opera is a very important part of traditional Chinese opera, which inherits the educational aesthetic characteristics of Chinese opera.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.393-398
• /
• 2022

Yorgos Lanthimos' The Killing of a Sacred Deer (2017) uses Iphigeneia in Aulis written by Euripides, one of the three great Greek tragedies writers, as the archetypal narrative. Thus, Lanthimos introduces a mythical world stained with 'blood violence by a divine being' within the cinematic diegesis of a modern American metropolis. And the mythical motifs of curses and scapegoats are varied. This thesis tried to read the scapegoat mechanism, the oldest mechanism of escape from the crisis of collective sacrifice, and the imitative and mutual characteristics of desire and violence through René Girard through the mythical world built in the modern time and space of the film. Martin places a cursed oracle on Steven when his desire to place him in his father's place is thwarted. The 'good' reciprocity between two people is rapidly transformed into a 'bad' reciprocity. The Killing of Sacred Deer is an excellent portrayal of how the scapegoat mechanism works through Steven's family. The selection of the scapegoat by lot gives the sacrificial lamb a sacred character thanks to its divine nature, and the scapegoat becomes a sacred being, and the family order is re-established.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.171-201
• /
• 2004

Modern sciences in the West are deeply rooted in the Greek and Roman cultural heritage. Consequently, the academic achievements accomplished by the scholars of the Arabs including Persian world, the profound thoughts developed in the Indian subcontinent, and the excellent works made by the East Asian scholars have mostly been neglected in the past. This paper attempts to compare the thoughts and theories on population developed by the Western scholars with those of East Asian scolars, in chronological order, ancient, mediaeval, and modern period before Malthus. The thesis that excessive population growth may reduce output per worker, depress levels of living for the masses and engender strife is of great antiquity. In fact, overpopulation in East Asia, especially in China, goes back to very ancient times, most Confucian scholars maintained the notion of a numerical balance between population and environment. They also looked for means to check the increase in numbers. The foundations of a theory of optimum population level, fully developed in the twentieth century, can be found in their writings. Although early population thoughts in China had not advanced far in the analysis of the significance of population size and growth, it had taken only a few steps forward. At some times and to some observers, populousness appeared desirable; at other times and to other observers, it seemed all too evident that the number of people could become too great. These viewpoints foreshowed some of the later developments. The early population literatures reviewed here seem to consist of a number of quite isolated contributions. In fact, however, there may have been a greater continuity of thought than now appears, for many of the contributions may have been lost and there are many gaps in the record. An intensive review on comparing two works, those of Malthus' and Hong, Liang-chi's, are presented in this paper. Only five years before Malthus published his famous work, An Essay on the Principle of Population, Hong published his theories on population. Some of them, Hong insisted, are very similar to the Malthusian concepts of geometrical increase, natural and artificial checks of population. Despite the excellent works in the ancient period, this paper concludes with an investigation of the reasons why modem achievements in scientific areas in the East Asia have been far behind that of the West.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.57-65
• /
• 2011

The conceptions of definition and proof radically change in the transition from secondary to tertiary mathematics. Specifically this paper analyses the historical development of the axiomatic method from Greek to modern mathematics. To understand Greek and modern axiomatic method, it is important to know the different characteristics of the primitive terms, constant and variable. Especially this matter of primitive terms explains the change of conceptions of definition, proof and mathematics. This historical analysis is useful for introducing the meaning of formal definition and proof.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.367-379
• /
• 2015

The existence of mathematical objects was considered through diorism which was used in ancient Greece as conditions for the existence of the solution of the problem. Proposition I-22 of Euclid Elements has diorism for the existence of triangle. By discussing the diorism in Elements, ancient Greek mathematician proved the existence of defined object by postulates or theorems. Therefore, the existence of mathematical object is verifiability in the axiom system. From this perspective, construction is the main method to guarantee the existence in the Elements. Furthermore, we suggest some implications about the existence of mathematical objects in school mathematics.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.135-140
• /
• 2009

The characteristic of mutant has long history, which is shown in various science fictions. There are different types and characters like Satyrs from Ancient Greek to superheroes in present. In fact, however, mutant as a cultural content has not been discussed sufficiently in Korea, even if related analyses were required indeed. In the thesis the characteristic and types of 'Homo Mutant' will be introduced and analyzed in many aspects and look for the reason why 'Homo Mutant' can be revealed and apply for further possibilities.