• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.349-353
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• 2009

We developed a new barley cultivar "Dami" (Hordeum vulgare L.) with the auricleless gene lig (al, li, aur-a). The characteristic of auricleless is a spontaneous mutant type which has known as a monogenic recessive gene. The plant with the gene has erect leaf blades because of no auricle. The cultivar was derived from a cross between 'BGS60' and 'Kangbori'. 'BGS60' has the auricleless gene (li), while 'Kangbori' showed a high biomass with winter hardiness and resistance to BaYMV (Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus). Subsequent generations were handled by the bulk method in a pedigree selection program. A promising line showed both high yield and lodging resistance in the yield trials at Iksan in 2003 to 2004, and designated as Iksan414. The line was subsequently evaluated for winter hardiness, earliness, and yield in the seven locations around Korea for three years from 2005 to 2007 and was designated as "Dami" and released. It has the growth habit of III, erect plant type, green leaf and stem similar to the check cultivar 'Sunwoo' Its heading date was April 30, and maturing date May 31 in paddy field conditions, which were similar to those of 'Sunwoo' respectively. The cultivar Dami was 97 cm in culm length, had 643 spikes per $m^2$ and higher leaf dry weight, and better adaptability to dense planting, winter hardiness, and resistance to BaYMV than the check cultivar did. The average forage yield of "Dami" was about 12 ton $ha^{-1}$ in dry matter (33 ton $ha^{-1}$ in fresh matter) in paddy field. "Dami" also showed 7.5% of crude protein content, 28.5% of ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber), 50.1% of NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), and 66.4% of TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients), including higher grade of silage quality for whole crop barley. This cultivar would be suitable for the area where the daily minimum temperature of January is above $-8^{\circ}C$ in Korean peninsula.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.190-195
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• 2011

'Youho' (Hordeum vulgare L.), a new ruminant-palatable forage barley cultivar, was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2008. It was derived from the cross between 'Suwon339' and 'Suwon355'. Among the cross made in 1999, a promising line, SB992047-B-B-B-6-2, showed good characteristics in potential forage yield in the yield trial tested at Iksan from 2005 to 2006. In 2007, it was designated as 'Iksan431' and placed in regional yield trials at eight locations in Korea for two years from 2007 to 2008, and was released as the name of 'Youho'. It has the growth habit of group II, erect plant type, green leaf and hood spike. Its average heading and maturing dates were on Apr. 24 and May 26, respectively, which are similar to check cultivar 'Yuyeon'. 'Youho' also showed weaker winter hardiness, but better resistance to lodging, shattering and BaYMV than those of check cultivar. It showed higher crude protein content, grade of silage quality than those of check cultivar. The average forage dry matter yield in the regional yield trial was about 14.1, $10.9MT\;ha^{-1}$ in upland and paddy field, respectively, which were 1% to 4% lower than that of the check cultivar. This cultivar would be suitable for the area whose daily minimum temperature was above $-8^{\circ}C$ in January in Korean peninsula.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.448-453
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• 2019

'Haedamssal' is an early maturing and rice stripe virus disease-resistant cultivar adaptable for early-transplanting cultivation that was developed by the rice breeding team of the Department of Southern Crop, NICS, RDA, in 2014. This cultivar was derived from the cross YR25869 (YR21247-B-B-B-49-1/Sasanishiki BL4//Koshihikari) and YR25868 (Unkwang//YR21247-B-B-B-49-1/Sasanishiki BL4) made in the 2005/2006 winter season and was advanced to the F₅ generation by a bulk breeding method using rapid generation advance. To incorporate rice stripe virus resistance, marker-assisted selection on the RSV gene was conducted in 3-way and 6-way cross F₁ generation using the tightly linked marker RM6897. From testing in the replicated yield trial in 2011, a promising line YR26258-B-B-B-33-3 was selected and it was designated as 'Milyang276'. A local adaptability test of 'Milyang276' was performed at three locations from 2012 to 2014 and it was named as 'Haedamssal', which was a good eating quality variety. The culm length was 67 cm in yield trials, which was 4 cm shorter than 'Jopyeong'. The number of spikelets per panicle was lower than 'Jopyeong', whereas the number of tillers per hill was higher. This variety was resistant to RSV disease, bacterial blight, and leaf blast disease. The milled rice yield of 'Haedamssal' was 5.48 MT per ha at the early transplanting in the local adaptability test. 'Haedamssal' is well adapted to early transplanting cultivation in the southern plain area (Registration No. 6811).

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.235-244
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• 2003

This study was carried out to estimate the effects of strain and generation on the major production performances of Korean native chicken. The data were collected from 11,583 birds of the 7 generations over the year 1995 through 2001 at National Livestock Research Institute, Korea. Results obtained were summarized as follows: The body weights at 150 and 270 days of age were 1,557.7 and 1880.7, 1,471.7 and 1,738.2, 1,393.5 and 1,694.9, 1,591.2 and 1,910.0, 1,545.6 and 1,763.6g in Red Brown, Yellow Brown, Gray Brown, Black, and White strains, respectively. The Coefficient of Variations (CVs) of the body weights at 150 and 270 days of age were 9.65~13.79% and 13.29~15.16%. The ages at first egg were 150.0, 148.3, 149.5, 152,8 and 147.7 days in Red Brown, Yellow Brown, Gray Brown, Black and White strains, respectively and the CVs were between 9.33 and 10.11%. The egg weights at the first egg and 270 days of age were 33.2 and 50.8, 32.2 and 49.2, 32.2 and 49.1, 33.0 and 50.0, 30.7 and 47.8g respectively. The CVs of the egg weights of the first egg and at 270 days of age were 13.54~15.27% and 6.93~7.36%. The numbers of eggs produced by 270 days of age were 77.0, 79.3, 77.3, 73,7, 75.4, respectively, and observed CVs were between 29.98~36.99%. The significant strain effects were investigated in all the major economic traits in Korean native chicken. The significant strain effects were investigated in all the major economic traits in Korean native chicken. The highest least square (LS) means of the body weights at 150 and 270 days of age were observed in Black strain as 1,594.38 and 1,911.57g. The earliest LS mean of the ages at first egg was 146.88days in White strain. The heaviest LS means of egg weights at the first egg and 270 days of age were observed in Red Brown strain as 32.20 and 50.74g. The LS mean of the largest number of egg production was 79.50 eggs in Yellow Brown strain. Also, The significant generation effects were investigated in all the major economic traits. The highest LS means of the body weights at 150 and 270 days of age were observed in the generation 3 as 1,599.74 and 1,905.01g. The earliest LS mean of the age at first egg was 143.31 days in 4th generation. The heaviest LS means of egg weights at the first egg and 270 days of age were observed in 7th and 5th generation as 35.68 and 50.42g. The LS means of the largest number of egg production was 78.53 eggs in generation 6. In general, light body weight, short time for the age at first egg, heavy egg weight, and large number of egg production were observed as the generation proceeded.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.455-458
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• 2001

To screen potato clones with high resistance to hollow heart (HH) and internal brown spot (IBS), field conditions were set up to induce high frequencies of physiological disorders in 'Atlantic' potato through various treatments of mulching, periodic shadings, and plant growth regulators such as trinexapac-ethyl (Tr-E) and dicloprop-triethanol mine (DTA). IBS occurrence was as high as 67.5% in the field plot mulched with transparent film and shaded for 10 days beginning at 80 days after planting. The highest level of HH was 22.9% in the plot mulched with transparent film and shaded for 10 days beginning at 60 days after planting. Very high level of IBS (66.3%) also occurred in the plot treated with 1500 mg/L of Tr-E 40 days after planting, while HH occurred by 21.3% in the plot treated with 1000 mg/L of DTA 70 days after planting. In the plots which were treated with 1,500 mg/L of Tr-E after 40 days of planting and 1000 mg/L of DTA after 70 days of planting, 'Superior' (moderately highly resistant) and 'Atlantic' (very susceptible) could be clearly distinguished to be resistant and susceptible. High occurrence condition set up in this study could be applied for the potato breeding program to screen potato clones with high resistance to HH and IBS.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 2000

Four clonal lines of ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, were produced through gynogenesis, mixed before hatching and reared communally. After 10 months, a randomly taken sample was subjected to a standardized shallow water stressor. Hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cells count (RBC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were obtained from stressed and non-stressed fish. DNA fingerprinting was used to confirm the clonal nature of the organisms and to identified the clonal line to which each fish belonged. 1 observed significant differences between clona] lines mostly in the hematocrit and MCV measured under no-stress conditions. Such differences are suggested to represent mainly genetic variance, on account of the common environment provided to all the experimental groups. The stress response ratio was lower than expected, mainly due to some unexpectedly high non-stress values. Heritability values (h$^2$) were medium to high for the no-stress measurements (mean 0.238) and very low or zero for the stressed groups'traits (excepting one high value of 0.484). 1 conclude that the use of communally reared clonal lines represents a good tool for the characterization of the physiological traits, thus allowing for their utilization as genetic selection criteria.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 2017

The rice blast fungus is a representative model phytopathogenic fungus in which Gene-for-Gene interaction with host rice is applicable. After 1980, eight differential varieties have been constructed and classified to analyze the race of rice blast isolates in Korea. However, since there is limited information about the genetic background of rice blast resistance genes within the Korean differentials, scientific analysis on the emergence of new race or resistance break down was difficult. Recently, a differential system has been developed using monogenic resistance lines to understand the interactions of pathogen race and rice resistance genes. In this study, a total of 50 isolates were selected from four different races isolated in Korea, and they were inoculated into monogenic lines. As a result, the isolates in the same race classified by the Korean differential system reacted differently in single monogenic lines. This suggests that the isolates categorized as the same race group contains different avirulence genes and furthermore, it is presumed that the Korean differential system is difficult to provide useful information for breeding program. For this reason, introduction of differential system using monogenic resistance lines is required in addition to the current system.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.323-329
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• 2009

In order to find out superior corn line which has a strong antioxidant activity in the corn silk, antioxidant compounds and antioxidant activity were measured from various inbred and F1 lines. As a result, the contents of phenolic and flavonoid compounds range from 532 mg/100 g to 3,274 mg/100 g and from 980 mg/100 g to 2,420 mg/100 g respectively. Absorbance at 517 nm for contents of anthocyanins ranges from 0.05 to 0.76. Correlation coefficients between antioxidant compounds and various antioxidant assays such as DPPH, ABTS and FRAP were analyzed. Correlation coefficients between antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds and anthocyanin were significantly high in ABTS and FRAP assays. Considering acidic extraction condition and intervention between anthocyanins and DPPH solution, ABTS assay and FRAP assay are more suitable methods to evaluate antioxidant activity of corn silks. Especially, ABTS assay is thought to be the best method among three assays because the antioxidant activity in ABTS assay showed high correlation with phenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin compounds respectively. Among the samples, S15 which showed the highest contents of total phenolic compounds and the most potent antioxidant activity in ABTS and FRAP assay will be a good source for functional material.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1972

Comparative analyses of canopy structure were conducted using newly bred high yield rice cultivars (IR 667-Suwon 213 and 214) and commercial varieties (Jinhung and Paldal) under the field condition. "Canopy score" as criteria of canopy structure was proposed. The results were summerized as follows: 1. IR667 line (IR8${\times}$Taichung Native 1${\times}$Yukara) showed lower canopy height, greater tiller openness, smaller leaf openness and leaf length ratio (flag leaf/3rd), shorter 4th and 5th internode length, greater diameter of 5th internode, consequently greater leaf area index, panicle weight and leaf weight ratio (leaf/leaf sheathculm) as merits, and greater leaf width, smaller leaf number(number of leaf/$m^2$)and specific leaf area($cm^2/g$) and faster destruction of canopy by senescence as demerits comparing with commercial varieties. 2. IR 667 line showed much higher "Canopy score", subsequently higher yield. 3. The quality of individual leaf was better in the commercial varieties indicating that the best combination for the better yield would be the leaf of commercial varieties with the structure of IR667 line.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.525-534
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• 2014

Microsatellite markers were used to identify 58 major commercial melon cultivars, and to assess hybrid seed purity of a melon breeding line known as '10H08'. A set of 412 microsatellite primer pairs were utilized for fingerprinting of the melon cultivars. Twenty-nine markers showed hyper-variability and could discriminate all cultivars on the basis of marker genotypes, representing the genetic variation within varietal groups. Cluster analysis based on Jaccard's distance coefficients using the UPGMA algorithm categorized 2 major groups, which were in accordance to morphological traits. The DNA bulks of female and male parents of breeding line '10H08' were tested with 29 primer pairs based on microsatellites to investigate purity testing of $F_1$ hybrid seeds, and 5 primer pairs exhibited polymorphism. One microsatellite primer pair (CMGAN12) produced unambiguous polymorphic bands among the parents. Among 192 seeds tested with CMGAN12, progeny possibly generated by self-pollination of the female parent were clearly distinguished from the hybrid progeny. These markers will be useful for fingerprinting melon cultivars and can help private seed companies to improve melon seed purity.