• Composites Research
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.235-240
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• 2020

In this study, in order to improve the impact resistance of the B₄C tile-inserted B₄C_p/Al7075 hybrid composite, a control method of the B₄C/Al7075 interface was developed and the characteristics of the controlled interface were analyzed. B₂O₃, Ni, and Si were coated on the B₄C tile surface using additional thermal oxidation, electroless plating, and plasma spraying. The coated B₄C tile is inserted into the B₄C_p/Al7075 composite material using the liquid pressurization method. Interfacial energy, bonding strength, and impact resistance were measured to analyze the effect of the coating. All coatings enhanced interfacial energy, bonding strength, and impact resistance, and in particular, it was confirmed that the impact resistance increased by 86.8% when B₂O₃ coating was used. This study is significant in developing and analyzing a core surface treatment method that improves the performance of B₄C/Al series composites, which are attracting attention as next-generation lightweight amour and bulletproof materials.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.114-122
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• 2015

In the high convective gas flow condition, irregular shaped water waves from which droplet entrainment occurs are generated under horizontally stratified two-phase flow condition. KAERI proposed a new mechanistic droplet entrainment model based on the momentum balance equation consisting of the shear stress, surface tension, and gravity forces. However, this model requires correlation or experimental data of several physical parameters related to the wave characteristics. In the present study, we tried to measure the physical parameters such as wave slope, wave hypotenuse length, wave velocity, wave frequency, and wavelength experimentally. For this, an experiment was conducted in the horizontal rectangular channel of which width, height, and length are, respectively, 40 mm, 50 mm, and 4.2 m. In the present test, the working fluids are chosen as air and water. The PIV technique was applied not only to obtain images for phase interface waves but also to measure the velocity field of the water flow. Additionally, we developed the parallel wire conductance probe for the confirmation of wave height from PIV image. Finally, we measured the physical parameters to be used in the validation of new droplet entrainment model.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.324-334
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• 1995

앞의 논문에서 살펴 본바와 같이 밀도 범함수 이론에 바탕을 둔 제일 원리적 에너지 띠 계산 방법의 하나인 FLAPW(Full-potential Linearized Augmented Plane Wave) 방법 에 의해 표면, 계면, 초격자에서의 전자 구조및 자기적 성질, 그리고 구조적 성질이 잘 설명될수 있음을 보았다. 이러한 성공적 결과에도 불구하고 전자구조 계산 방법은 풀어야할 새로운 문제에 직면하고 있는데 그 중 중요한 것은 스핀-궤도 결합(spin-orbit coupling : SOC)을 어떻게 취급하며, 그 결과로 나타나는 자기 결정 이방성( magnetocrystallinge anisotropy : MCA)과 강자성 금속에서 나타나는 광자기적 효과를 설명하는 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 1983

Devices that mimic the natural photosynthetic pathway are of considerable interest as fuel sources. Quantum yield of viologen radical formation in several water-in-oil microemulsion system were measured. The yield of hexadecylviologen radical formation in microemulsion system using EDTA as an electron donor, ruthenium bipyridinium complex as photosensitizer, and hexadecylviologen as an electron acceptor was 12%. When benzylnicotinamide was inserted in the interface of the microemulsion and azo compound was dissolved in oil face, the quantum yield of hydroazo compound was 0.16. Organic dye (Rose bengal) was used as photosensitizer for the photoinduced electron transfer reaction. In anionic microemulsion no electrontransfer was observed.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.791-796
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• 1998

self-aligned silicide(salicide)제조시 CoSi2의 에피텍셜 성장을 돕기 위하여 Co와 Si 사이에 내열금속층을 넣은 Co/내열금속/Si의 실리사이드화가 관심을 끌고 있다. Hf 역시 Ti와 마찬가지로 이러한 용도로 사용될 수 있다. 한편, Co/Hf 이중층 salicide 트랜지스터가 성공적으로 만들어지기 위해서는 spacer oxide 위에 증착된 Co/Hf 이중층이 열적으로 안정해야 한다. 이러한 배경에서 본 연구에서는 SiO2기판 위에 증착한 Co 단일층과 Co/Hf 이중층을 급속열처리할 때 Co와 SiO2간의 계면과 Co/Hf와 SiO2간의 계면에서의 상호반응에 대하여 조사하였다. Co 단일층과 Co/Hf 이중층은 각각 $500^{\circ}C$와 $550^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 후 면저항이 급격하게 증가하기 시작하였는데, 이것은 Co층이 SiO2와의 계면에너지를 줄이기 위하여 응집되기 때문이다. 이 때 Co/Hf의 경우 열처리후 Hf에 의하여 SiO2 기판이 일부 분해됨으로써 Hf 산화물이 형성되었으나, 전도성이 있는 HfSix 등의 화합물은 발견되지 않았다.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 2014

IIn this study, O/W type nano-emulsions were prepared by phospholipid-nonionic surfactant mixtures and octyldodecylmyristate using the phase transition low-energy emulsification method. The nano-emulsions were formed only in the very narrow area of the concentration of mixed surfactant and oil molar ratio of around 1 : 1. The particle size of the emulsions was decreased as adding the aqueous phase into the emulsions after phase inversion point unlike the emulsions formed only with nonionic surfactant. Nano-emulsion was stable at room temperature for more than a month. Thus, the nano-emulsions containing phospholipids can be widely used as a cosmetic formulations.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2010

The preparation and properties of emulsions stabilized by the adsorption of solid particles at the oil-water interface are reviewed. Comparison is made with the behaviour of surfactant-stabilized emulsions. Many of the properties of Pickering emulsions are attributed to the large free energy of adsorption for particles. The main differences is due to the irreversible adsorption of particles to the interface. Phase inversion from w/o (water-in-oil) to o/w (oil-in-water) can be brought by increasing the volume fraction of water. Hydrophilic particles tend to form o/w emulsion whereas hydrophobic particles form w/o emulsion. The contact angle at the oil-water interface is main parameter to decide the emulsion type. The aspects of stability of Pickering emulsions are in contrast to general emulsions in some points. The possibility using Pickering emulsions for cosmetics is also proposed.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.79-84
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• 2021

Graphene has been received a lot of attention as essential parts of future electronic and energy devices. Because of its extraordinary properties contributed from the atomic layer, the interface and surface engineering of graphene are promising approaches for realizing 2D materials-based high-performance devices. Herein, we summarize and introduce recent research trends of the synthesis of graphene through interface engineering for high-performance electronic and energy device applications, and then discuss the challenges and opportunities for achieving high-performance devices in next-generation electronics.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.101-105
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• 2019

The adhesion reliability of the epoxy molding compound (EMC) and the printed circuit board (PCB) interface is critical to the quality and lifetime of the chip package since the EMC protects PCB from the external environment during the manufacturing, storage, and shipping processes. It is necessary to measure adhesion energy accurately to ensure product reliability by optimizing the manufacturing process during the development phase. This research deals with the measurement of EMC/PCB interfacial adhesion energy of chip package that has warpage induced by the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch. The double cantilever beam (DCB) test was conducted to measure adhesion energy, and the spring back force of specimens with warpage was compensated to calculate adhesion energy since the DCB test requires flat substrates. The result was verified by comparing the adhesion energy of flat chip packages come from the same manufacturing process.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.9-15
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• 2007

The interfacial evaluation of surface modified Jute fiber/polypropylene (PP) composites before and after hydration was investigated using micromechanical test and dynamic contact angle measurement. The IFSS of alkaline and silane-treated Jute fiber/PP composites increased, whereas after hydration, the IFSS of the untreated, alkaline- and silane-treated Jute fibers/PP composites decreased due to swelled fibrils by water infiltration. The interfacial adhesion of silane treated fiber/PP composites was higher than alkaline-treated or the untreated cases. The surface energies of Jute fiber treated under various conditions were obtained using dynamic contact angle measurement. Especially after hydration, the thermodynamic work of adhesion was calculated by considering water interlayer, which indicated the stability of IFSS between silane treated Jute fiber and PP matrix showing better than others.