• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.664-673
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of meridian acupressure on constipation in bed-ridden aged inpatients. Methods: The research design was a non-synchronized non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects consisted of 28 bed-ridden aged inpatients. Meridian acupressure was administered to the experimental group at 30 minutes before breakfast every morning for two weeks. Each meridian was pressured for 10 seconds, 10 times. The frequency of defecation and stool form were examined every day. The data was analyzed by the $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The experimental group given Meridian Acupressure had a higher frequency of defecation(F = 59.372, p = .000) and normal stool(F = 46.046, p = .000) than the control group. Conclusion: The results suggest that Meridian Acupressure was an effective method for the relief of constipation for bed-ridden aged inpatients. A follow -up research is needed to validate that other patients with constipation can use the Meridian Acupressure as a non-invasive nursing intervention instead of a laxative or enema.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of Meridian pressure on the functions of upper extremities and discomfort of ADLs of hemiplegic patients. Methods: The research design was a nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized design. Subjects were 35 hemiplegic patients who were hospitalized at L Oriental Medical Hospital; 18 for the experimental group and 17 for the control group. The experimental group was given meridian pressure for 10 minutes daily for 2 weeks. The data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program. The ${\chi}^2$-test and t-test were used for the two groups' homogeneity, and t-test was used for the hypothesis test. Results: Manual muscle test, ROMs of wrist extension, elbow flexion, and shoulder extension of the experimental group increased compared to the control group. Shoulder pain and index finger circumference of the experimental group decreased compared to the control group. The experimental group showed to have less discomfort of ADLs than the control group. Conclusion: The study results verified that meridian pressure is effective for improving the functions of hemiplegic patients' upper extremities as well as reducing discomfort of ADLs.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2014

Purpose: In this study, we attempted to provide an evidence for the effects of meridian acupressure on relieving and preventing constipation in the institutionalized elderly. Methods: The research design was a non-equivalent control group, non-synchronized design. The subjects consisted of 31 institutionalized elderly (experimental group: 16, control group: 15). The experimental group was given meridian acupressure for 10 minutes daily for 2 weeks. The data was analyzed by the ${\chi}^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The number of bowel movements per week of the experimental and control group performed meridian acupressure verified by repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed that interaction existed between the meridian acupressure availability and the measurement point (F=98.183, p<.001). Repeated measures analysis of variance to compare the changes in Bristol stool form scale scores of the experimental and control group performed meridian acupressure revealed that interaction existed between the meridian acupressure availability and the measurement point (F=48.896, p<.001). Conclusion: The results of this study show the meridian acupressure is a useful nursing intervention on constipation in the institutionalized elderly.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.18-32
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• 2016

Objectives : This study aims to analyze the co-occurrence of pathological symptoms and corresponding acupoints as documented by the comprehensive acupuncture and moxibustion records in the classical texts of Far East traditional medicine as an aid to a more efficient understanding of the tacit treatment principles of ancient physicians. Methods : The Classic of Nourishing Life with Acupuncture and Moxibustion(Zhenjiu Zisheng Jing; hereinafter ZZJ) was selected as the primary reference book for the analysis. The pathology-acupoint co-occurrence analysis was performed by applying 4 values of vector space measures(weighted Euclidean distance, Euclidean distance, $Cram\acute{e}r^{\prime}s$ V and Canberra distance), which measure the distance between the observed and expected co-occurrence counts, and 3 values of probabilistic measures(association strength, Fisher's exact test and Jaccard similarity), which measure the probability of observed co-occurrences. Results : The treatment records contained in ZZJ were preprocessed, which yielded 4162 pathology-acupoint sets. Co-occurrence was performed applying 7 different analysis variables, followed by a prediction simulation. The prediction simulation results revealed the Weighted Euclidean distance had the highest prediction rate with 24.32%, followed by Canberra distance(23.14%) and association strength(21.29%). Conclusions : The weighted Euclidean distance among the vector space measures and the association strength among the probabilistic measures were verified to be the most efficient analysis methods in analyzing the correlation between acupoints and pathologies found in the classical medical texts.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.147-162
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• 2003

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate possibilities of herbal acupuncture for obesity. Methods : We researched into 23 kinds of literature and considered acupoints and herbs of herbal acupuncture for obesity. Results : Prescriptions for obesity include Erchentang(二陳湯), Liujunzitang(六君子湯) for phlegm-retention syndrome(痰飮), Wulingsan(五?散), Qianghuoshengshitang(羌活勝濕湯), Shenshitang(渗濕湯), Lingguishugantang(?桂朮甘湯) for Dampness syndrome(濕證) and Pingweisan(平胃散) for activating spleen and stomach(運化脾胃). And Rhizoma atractylodis(蒼朮), Tuber pinelliae(半夏), Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae(白朮), Fructus ponciri(枳殼), Fructus immaturus ponciri(枳實), Poria(茯?), Semen coicis(薏苡仁), Rhizoma alismatis(澤瀉) Fructus amomi(砂仁), Polyporus umbellatus(猪?), Medulla tetrapanacis(通草) can be used for both herbal medication and herbal acupuncture. And also there are some important acupoints for treating obesity, which are Sanyinjiao(三陰交), Pishu(脾兪), Gongsun(公孫), Fenglong(豊隆), Yinlingquan(陰陵泉), Zusanli(足三里), Qihai(氣海), Sanjiaoshu(三焦兪), Zhongwan(中脘), Neiguan(內關), Weishu(胃兪), Shenshu(腎兪) and Shangjuxu(上巨虛). Conclusions : We recommend that herbal acupuncture can be used for obesity. This method is a kind of injection using herbal extract, which can apply pharmacognosy theory and meridian system at the same time.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate acupoints and muscles used for cosmetic acupuncture. We want most clinicians practicing cosmetic acupuncture to understand theoretical background well and to treat cosmetic diseases more diversely by this paper. Methods : We collected useful informations from some books and websites about cosmetic acupuncture and thus could select major acupoints and muscles. Conculsions : The most frequently used acupoints for cosmetic acupoints are as follows ; LI20, ST1, ST2, ST3, ST4, ST5, ST6, ST7, ST8, SI18, SI19, BL1, BL2, BL3, BL4, TE17, TE18, TE19, TE20, TE21, TE22, TE23, GB1, GB2, GB3, GB4, GB5, GB6, GB7, GB8, GB13, GB14, GV20, GV21, GV22, GV23, GV24, GV25, GV26 and CV24. And head and neck muscles including SCM muscle, plastyma, frontalis, corrugator supercilii, orbicularis oculi, auricularis, temporalis, masseter, pterygoid, zygomaticus and risorius can be used for cosmetic acupuncture. Most acupoints and muscles are located in face and head, which seemed to be concerned with formation of face wrinkles.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2008

Objectives : The objective of the current study is to optimize an acupoint electrical property measurement system by using the procedures and strengths of the Taguchi method. Methods : Taguchi method was applied in the optimization of the acupoint electrical property measurement system, as in the following steps: (1) determine evaluation index; (2) execute the 1st gage R&R; (3) identify controllable and uncontrollable factors; (4) design Taguchi crossed array layout; (5) execute experiments according to trial conditions; (6) analyze testing results; (7) determine optimum run; (8) execute the 2nd gage R&R; (9) confirm optimum run. Results : The results showed that electrodes with larger diameter and efferent electric current, with music played, can produce the larger different electrical conductivity between the acupoints and the non-acupoints under various conditions. Taguchi process optimization improved repeatability and reproducibility of the acupoint electrical property measurement system. Conclusions : In the optimized condition, repeatability and reproducibility of the acupoint electrical property measurement system was acceptable.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study is to examine the effects of SSP(silver-spike point) therapy, applied to acupuncture points, on the middle cerebral arteries blood flows of sample group(tention-type headache patients, n=12) and control group(non tension-type headache patients, n=12), and on the reduction of their headaches, when applied to acupuncture points. Methods : We stimulated 6 acupuncture points for headache with the SSP(three times a week for three weeks), and measured VAS(visual analogue scale) and the blood flow of the middle cerebral arteries with TCD(transcranial doppler ultrasonography). Results : The blood flow of the middle cerebral artery and VAS of the sample group and the control group were compared four times(initial, 1weeks, 2weeks, 3weeks) and significant differences in the measurements were found at 3 weeks(p<.05). The blood flow of the middle cerebral artery of the sample group was significantly increased, and VAS was significantly decreased in both groups. Conclusions : The silver-spike-point low-frequency electrical-stimulation treatment, applied to acupuncture points, can significantly increase the blood flow of the middle cerebral arteries in headache patients and can thus alleviate their headaches.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2015

Objectives : This study is to investigate stimulation effects of acupoints at differential meridian along arm and leg on the physiological phenomenon of heartbeats. Methods : 8 subjects were participated in this study. The experiments were performed in Resting session(Rs), Insertion session(Is), Stimulation session1(Ss1), Stimulation session2(Ss2), Stimulation session3(Ss3) sequence. Time of each session and the interval between each session was 30 seconds all. Acupuncture was performed manually on PC3 or LR8 at random with a two-day interval. stand deviation of N-N interval(SDNN) was measured for each session. Results : At PC3, SDNN increased in Ss1, Ss2, and Ss3 compared to Rs but at LR8, there was little change between Ss1, Ss2, Ss3 and Rs. Post-hoc analysis revealed that mean value of SDNN significantly increased in Ss1 compared with Baseline at PC3, while there was little change at LR8. When LR8 and PC3 were compared at each time point, there was a significant difference only in Ss1. Conclusions : Our results indicate that there is a correlation between specific physiological functions and acupoints.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.556-566
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• 2014

목적 : 경혈, 침구 온톨로지의 연계율을 높이기 위한 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 혈성(효능) 용어와 치법 용어를 최소 의미 단위로 분해하여 상호 연계하였다. 결과 : 혈성(효능)과 치법의 연계가 증가함에 따라 경혈, 침구 온톨로지 간 연계성이 증가하였으며, 확장 연계되는 프로퍼티의 수와 프로퍼티 간 노드의 수도 증가하였다. 결론 : 혈성(효능) 용어와 치법 용어의 최소 의미 단위로의 연계를 통해 온톨로지의 연계율이 개선되고 이에 따라 온톨로지의 활용성이 제고될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.