• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.111-132
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• 2018

As China continues to evolve as a major economic power and the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the Republic of Korea and China was ratified on June 1, 2015, market volume between the two countries is expected to grow more rapidly. This study aims on improving the efficiency of car-ferry lines. We conducted two surveys- for shippers and forwarders of car-ferry companies, and container liners. The study analyzes the decision factors for delivery companies and their importance for shippers and forwarders of car-ferry companies and container liners. Based on analysis of prior studies on the competition for car-ferry companies and liners, three primary variables are selected-promptness, economics, and safety. The promptness variable consists of shipping time, loading/unloading time, and customs clearing time. The economic variable consists of marine transportation cost from a domestic harbor to China, loading/unloading cost in the harbor, and overland transport cost from the harbor to shippers inland. Finally, the safety variable consists of cargo damage rates, safety facilities, such as lashing and shoring, and punctuality of transportation time. The survey and AHP results show that the promptness, safety, and economics factors are 0.549, 0.309, and 0.142 in the shipper groups of car-ferry companies' category, respectively. It indicates that there is considerable difference in the importance of each factor. In contrast, the factors are 0.350, 0.348, and 0.302 in the forwarders category, which suggests that there is little difference in each factor's importance. As for shippers and forwarders of liners, the importance of each factor is found to be in the following order: economics, safety, and promptness.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.201-229
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• 2019

This paper estimates the effects of generation mix changes in the $7^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ Basic Plan for Long-term Power Supply and Demand from two aspects: economic efficiency through electricity prices and environmental performance through $CO_2$ and air pollutants(NOx, SOx, PM) emissions. Particularly, we examined additional generation mix conversion paths that take into account the trade-off between economic efficiency and environmental performance through scenario analysis. According to our results, the conversion from the $7^{th}$ plan to the $8^{th}$ plan should increase the electricity prices in the mid- and long-term, while reducing GHG and air pollutants emissions at the same time. The alternative generation mix that combines $7^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ plans shows that there exists a path to mitigate the trade-off between economic and environmental in the long-term. It will be next to impossible to derive a optimal generation mix that simultaneously considers the core values, such as supply stability, environmental performance, economic efficiency, energy safety and energy security, when establishing the power supply and demand plan. However, by exploring the effects of various generation mix paths and suggesting near-optimal paths, people can best choose their direction after weighhing all the paths when deciding on a forward-looking generation mix in the long term.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.47-85
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• 2009

With a relatively simple quantitative method, this study comprehensively analyzes the characteristics related to business cycles represented by macroeconomic variables of Korea since 1970. This empirical analysis deals with roughly following three topics: How to identify cyclical component with respect to trend; with what characteristics and how the economic variables of each sector move with in the phases of business cycle, and; whether there are signs of a structural change in the phases of business cycle. Section 2 discusses how to identify trends and cycle components, the basis assumption for the analysis of business cycle. Like the Korean economy, where a relatively high growth rate has been maintained, it is appropriate to determine its economic recession based on the fall in the growth trend, not in the absolute level of real output. And, it is necessary to apply the concept of growth cycle against a traditional concept of business cycle. Accordingly the setting of growth trend is of preliminary importance in identifying cyclical fluctuations. The analysis of Korea's GDP data since 1970, the decomposition of trends and cycles through the Band-pass filter is found to appropriately identify the actual phases of busyness cycle. Section 3 analyzes what particular relationship various economic variables have with output fluctuations during the phases of economic cycle, using the corss-correlation coefficients and prediction contribution. Section 4 monitors the stability of the phases of Korea's business cycle and quantitatively verifies whether there is a structural break, and then reviews the characteristics of variations in each sector. And, stylized facts observed through these studies are summarized in the conclusion. The macroeconomic stability of Korea, in particular, is found to continue to improve since 1970, except for the financial crisis period. Not only that, it is found that its volatility of economic growth rate as well as inflation have been reduced gradually. Meanwhile, until recently since 2000, the volatility in domestic demand has remained stable, while that in exports and imports has been increased slightly. But, in an over all perspective, Korea's business cycle variation is on the decline due to shorter response period to shocks and the formation of complementary relationship among economic sectors.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.853-874
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• 2010

This study examines the acceptability of nuclear facilities using the latent class analysis. Even though, nuclear power is useful in terms of economic and energy security aspects, it is very difficult to expand the existing nuclear power plants or build a new one. Many studies analysed the cause of unacceptability of nuclear facilities but it has not been focused how large portion of people are divided pro and con. It is very important to know the distribution of people by the attitude toward nuclear facilities in order to meet the long term National Energy Plan. Through the latent class analysis with 1,025 respondents, people are classified into three groups(favor-class, support-class, opposition-class). The favor-class is the largest group which has moderate good attitudes toward the nuclear facilities in terms of economy, cleanness. and necessity but concerns a little about safety. The second largest group is the support-class which comprises 1/4 portion of people. The people in the class show the aggressive support for the nuclear facilities. 15% of the respondents belong to the opposition-class which show the negative attitudes to expansion of neclear facilities. In order to increase the acceptability of nuclear faculties, the most urgent work for the government to do is to less people's concern about nuclear safety.

• 전기의세계
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.4-9
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• 1984

전력계통을 구성하고 있는 수력, 화력, 원자력발전소, 변전소, 개폐소 및 이들을 연결하고 있는 송배전선의 규모가 전력수요의 현저한 증가와 더불어 더욱 거대화, 복잡화됨에 따라, 수용가에 안정한 양질의 전력을 저렴하게 공급하기 위해서는 이들 설비를 보다 합리적, 경제적으로 운용할 필요성이 점차 높아지고 있다. 본고에서는 전력계통의 경제운용을 위해 고려해야 할 기본사항과 일반적인 경제운용계획산법을 간략하게 소개함으로서 전력계통에 관심이 있는 회원제위의 이해를 돕고져 한다.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.85-98
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• 2011

Recently, the world faces a global environmental crisis by the increase of energy consumption and global warming. Since the crisis directly affects political, economic, social, and environmental areas, many countries prepare Green ICT policy to overcome it. However, although Green IT policy provides many benefits by solving environmental pollution and increasing energy efficiency, Korean government did not prepare measures by the policy. The purpose of this study is to suggest priorities of political goals for maximizing the efficiency after introducing Green ICT policy in Korea. Major variables are drawn for the analysis, and they are eco-friendliness, technology evolution, economic efficiency, energy efficiency, and stable supply of energy. The variables are suggested based on 'Low Carbon, Green Growth Act', then the survey was conducted to policy expert using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) and ANP(Analytic Network Process) for prioritizing variables. As a result of the AHP, it is derived in the order of eco-friendliness, technology evolution, economic efficiency, energy efficiency, and stable supply of energy. The ANP result shows in the order of technology evolution, energy efficiency, economic efficiency, eco-friendliness, and stable supply of energy. The research is conducted to analyze the priorities of goals for Green IT policy, and the analysis results are possible to use as a practical guideline for establishing associated policies in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.33-44
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• 1999

LED(Light Emitting Diodes)는 반도체를 이용한 발광소자로서 동화상 광고물이나 가변정보표지판(VMS)등에 주로 활용되고 있으며 최근 외국의 경우 LED 기술을 교통신호등에 적용하여 시범설치 및 확대 적용 설치하여 운영 중에 있으며 국내에서는 산업체, 학계, 연구소 등에서 연구 개발 중에 있다. 본 연구는 현재 이러한 산 학 연의 노력에 의해 개발된 LED 교통신호등을 현장에 적용하기에 앞서서 실내실험과 현장실험을 통하여 에너지 절감효과 및 현장적용성을 검증하고 경제성 분석을 통한 타당성을 제시하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구 내용으로써 기존 전구식 신호등과 LED 신호등의 발광원리 및 특징 비교 분석, 실내실험을 통한 에너지 절감효과 검증, LED 보행자 신호등 현장적용성 평가, LED 신호등으로 서울시의 기존 신호등을 연차적으로 교체하는 경우에 대한 경제적 분석이 실시되었다. 실내실험을 통해 LED 신호등의 에너지 절감효과가 평균 76% 임을 검증하였고 보행자 신호등에 대한 현장 실험에서 설문응답자의 83.7%가 LED 신호등의 시인성이 우월하다고 나타나 현장적용성은 긍정적인 것으로 나타났다. LED 신호등에 대한 경제성 분석결과 자본회수기간은 6년으로 나타났으며 향후 기존 신호등의 고장 및 유지 보수 등에 의한 차량정체 비용, 교통사고 비용 및 소자기술 발전을 고려하면 이보다 단축될 것으로 판단된다. 향후 차량등에 대한 운전자들의 반응 및 장기적인 안정성 등에 대한 종합적인 실험이 추가적으로 이뤄져야 할 것이며 이를 바탕으로 하여 LED 신호등에 대한 규격서 제정 등 법 제도 측면이 이루어진 후 LED 국내 기술 수준 등을 총체적으로 고려하여 LED 교통신호등에 대한 보급방안이 강구되어야 할 것이다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.881-883
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• 2005

최근 세계 여러 나라에서는 적정한 신뢰도나 경제성을 고려해 직류송전방식에 대한 관심이 난로 높아져 가고 있다. 우리나라도 부하가 밀집된 수도권으로 올라오는 송전선로의 병목현상으로 역률이나 주파수 등의 변화가 점점 심해지면서 전력계통의 신뢰도와 안정성에 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 계통의 부하집중지역인 수도권을 대상으로 최적 직류 송전 경로를 임의로 선정하여, 직류 송전 방식을 건설하였을 때와 가공 송전 방식을 건설하였을 때의 건설비, 운영비, 유지보수 비용 등의 경제성을 비교 검토하고 이에 따른 장점과 단점을 분석함으로써 직류송전방식의 타당성을 검토 해 본다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07d
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• pp.3093-3095
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• 2005

최근 세계 여러 나라에서는 적정한 신뢰도나 경제성을 고려해 직류송전방식에 대한 관심이 날로 높아져 가고 있다. 우리나라도 부하가 밀집된 수도권으로 올라오는 송전선로의 병목현상으로 역률이나 주파수 등의 변화가 점점 심해지면서 전력계통의 신뢰도와 안정성에 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 계통의 부하집중지역인 수도권을 대상으로 최적 직류 송전 경로를 임의로 선정하여, 직류 송전 방식을 건설하였을 때와 가공 송전 방식을 건설하였을 때의 건설비, 운영비, 유지보수 비용 등의 경제성을 비교 검토하고 이에 따른 장점과 단점을 분석함으로써 직류송전방식의 타당성을 검토해 본다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07c
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• pp.2441-2443
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• 2005

최근 세계 여러 나라에서는 적정한 신뢰도나 경제성을 고려해 직류송전방식에 대한 관심이 날로 높아져 가고 있다. 우리나라도 부하가 밀집된 수도권으로 올라오는 송전선로의 병목현상으로 역률이나 주파수 등의 변화가 점점 심해지면서 전력계통의 신뢰도와 안정성에 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 계통의 부하집중지역인 수도권을 대상으로 최적 직류 송전 경로를 임의로 선정하여, 직류 송전 방식을 건설하였을 때와 가공 송선 방식을 건설하였을 때의 건설비, 운영비, 유지보수 비용 등의 경제성을 비교 검토하고 이에 따른 장점과 단점을 분석함으로써 직류송전방식의 타당성을 검토해 본다.