• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.307-311
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• 2009

Agricultural is recognised as being the leading contributor to groundwater. As a consequence, the consumer have to has bear the high expenses of water supplied to be treated. Importantly, the cost of water supplied is a function of the water quality as well as the scale of drinking water treatments. The relationship between the consumer payment and water quality improvement was affected by the scale of drinking water treatments directly. Hence when we achieve the high quality and low cost in the case of groundwater treatment for drinking, it is needed to consider both water quality and plant scale.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.507-520
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• 2016

This research was performed to evaluate incineration facilities with different scale and type using performance index. Incineration facilities of 28 units, which occupying about 15% of 184 units in nationwide, were selected for questionnaire survey. The facilities were classified in scale with large(${\geq}100t/d$), middle(50~<100 t/d), small(<50 t/d) ones, and in type with stoker, pyrolysis, fluidized bed. Performance index was composed of technological, economical, and environmental items, which have 6, 10, and 30 kinds of questions, respectively. As a result of scale evaluation, large scale facility has higher score than small one in all technological, economical, and environmental items. In overall evaluation of the facilities with different type, stoker incinerator has higher score of 65.3 than 59.0 of fludized bed and 58.3 of pyrolysis. It was shown that there was significant difference in economical evaluation field, in all technological, economical, and environmental items.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.175-188
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• 2011

This study aims to examine how the U.S. economic shocks affect the Japanese economy. It is widely believed that the U.S. economy has a significant effect on the Japanese economy. Actually, the U.S. accounts for a considerable amount of Japan's exports and imports. To the economic policymakers, it is very important to know how economic disturbances generated by the U.S. are transmitted to the Japanese economy. A vector autoregression(VAR) model is employed to investigate the international transmission channel of economic disturbances. The interactions of the U.S.-Japansese economy are investigated by using variance decompositions(VDCs). The results of this study provided the evidence that the U.S. economic shocks were important for the Japanese economy during the sample period. This study supports the notion of economic dependence of smaller open economy such as Japan as compared with larger economy such as the U.S.

• Korea Petroleum Association Journal
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• s.283
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• pp.45-48
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• 2011

기름 값 문제를 기한과 규모를 정해놓고 단기간에 무조건 만들어 놓은 틀에 맞추는 것은 해결책이 될 수 없다. 서민경제와 맞물려 규모가 크고 다양한 이해관계가 얽혀 있기 때문이다. 지금이라도 알뜰주유소의 가격 인하 방식이나 효과, 기존 주유소와의 형평성 문제까지 어떻게 해결할지 처음부터 다시 고민이 필요하다.

• Journal of Consumption Culture
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.213-247
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the economic structures of low-income households, and to provide the policy suggestions for their economic well-being. The data for this study was from the 2009 year of the Korea Welfare Panel Survey (KOWEPS). The results are as follows: As for income structure, the low-income households had lower amounts in earned income, business and side-work income, and property income, but a higher amount in transfer income. They had a lower amount in private transfer income, but a higher amount in public transfer income. They had the highest rate of transfer income, showing that the rate of public transfer income was higher than that of private transfer income, and the government assistance was the highest rate in public transfer income. The households in extreme poverty had the lowest amounts in earned income, financial income, private transfer income, but the highest amount in public transfer income. The households in poverty had the lowest amount in transfer income. The households in extreme poverty, poverty and near poverty showed the highest rate in transfer income. As for asset structure, the low-income households had a lower amount in every type of assets. They showed the highest rate in total debt, and had a higher rate in housing asset, but lower rates in real-estate asset, financial asset and other asset. The households in extreme poverty had a lower amount in every type of assets than the households in near poverty. Three types of the low-income households showed the highest rate in housing asset, but the households in extreme poverty was the highest among them. As for expenditure structure, the low-income households had lower amounts in all of the expenditure items. They showed the highest rate in food expenditure, the second highest in other consumption expenditure. The households in extreme poverty showed lower amounts in almost all of the expenditure items than the households in near poverty, but the households in extreme poverty showed a higher amount in monthly rent than the households in neat poverty. Three types of the low-income households showed the highest rate in food expenditure. The expenditure rates of food, monthly rent and light·heat·water for households in extreme poverty were higher than those for the households in near poverty.

• Journal of Korea Fair Competition Federation
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• no.105
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• pp.38-40
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• 2004

지난 4월 21일부터 22일까지 이틀 간 세계 공정거래위원장간 회의인 ICN(International Competition Network) 제3차 연차총회가 서울 롯데호텔에서 개최되었다. ICN은 2001년에 미국, EU, 한국 등 14개국의 주도로 창설된 세계 공정거래위원장간 협의체로서 현재 76개국의 86개 경쟁당국이 회원으로 가입한 경쟁정책 분야 최대규모의 국제기구이다. ICN 회원국들의 경제규모는 전세계 GDP의 $91\%$를 차지하고 있다.

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.33-36
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• 2004

냉방에너지에 대한 분석과 전기냉방에 대한 가스냉방의 경제성 및 향후 가스냉방의 보급전망을 기술하였다. 가스냉방 부하 가스냉방은 80년대 중반부터 하절기 최대 전력수요 억제의 일환으로 보급이 본격화되기 시작했으며 가스 흡수식 냉방기 및 냉온수기의 공급으로 대규모 건축물의 냉난방에 대한 개념이 서서히 바뀌기 시작하였다. 92년 7월 “건축물의 냉방설비에 대한 설치 및 설계기준” 이 제정, 시행됨에 따라 일정규모 이상의 건축물에 중앙집중식 냉방설비 설치시 주간 최대 냉방부하의 60% 이상을 가스냉방 또는 축냉식으로 설치 의무화됨으로써 냉방은 물론 난방까지 겸하는 흡수식 냉온수기의 보급이 크게 증가하고 있다.(중략)

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.13 no.1 s.49
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• pp.14-20
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• 1998

본 논문은 대도시 전화망에서 루팅 효과, 통화량에 준한 망설계기법에서 전송시설의 경제적 규모, 그리고 투자비용 변화를 분석하기 위한 시뮬레이션 모델 개발에 관한 것이다. 모의시험 결과는 전화망에서 교환/전송에 소요되는 비용은 루팅방식의 변경에 따라서 크게 영향을 받으며, 고속 전송로 사용에 따른 규모의 경제효과가 클수록 망 구축에 소요되는 비용이 현저히 작아지는 것으로 나타났다.

• Digital Contents
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• no.1 s.116
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• pp.22-23
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• 2003

디지털 콘텐츠 산업이 지식 기반 경제하에서 새로운 성장 엔진으로 각광받고 있다. 시장 조사기관에 따라 다소 차이가 있겠지만 지난 2001년 전세계 디지털콘텐츠 시장의 규모는 대략 8840억달러로 추산된다. 디지털콘텐츠 시장은 매년 20%이상의 성장률을 기록해 오는 2005년이면 1조 1700억달러 규모에 달할 것으로 예상된다. 이같은 추세에 발맞춰 국내 시장도 매년 40%이상 고속 성장할 전망이다. 이처럼 디지털 콘텐츠 시장이 성숙할 것으로 예상되면서 미국 일본 등 선진국들이 디지털 콘텐츠 산업의 육성에 박차를 가하고 있다.

• Mineral and Industry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2000

한동안 일본의 급성장 수출경제는 멈출 수 없는 것처럼 보였었다. 그러나 이제 지난 10년간 경제가 후퇴하면서 그 희생을 치르고 있다. 제조업 전 분야가 하락세를 면치 못하고 있거나, 기껏해야 현상 유지함으로서 결국 광물 소비량에 영향을 미치고 있다. 대규모 석회석 백운석 자원, 상당한 벤토나이트 및 납석 자원, 그리고 소다회, 융합광물(fused minerals) 등의 합성 원료를 제외하면, 일본에는 규모 있는 광물자원이 거의 없다. 광물자원의 부족과 최근의 엔고 현상 때문에 일본은 중국과 같은 나라의 주요 광물 수출 시장이 되고 있다.