• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.387-400
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• 2013

In this study, the slope stability analysis and the landslide hazard assessment in tunnel portal slope were carried out. First, we selected highly vulnerable areas to slope failure using the slope stability analysis and analyzed the slope failure scale. According to analyses results, high vulnerable area to slope failure is located at 485~495 m above sea level. The slope is stable in a dry condition, while it becomes unstable in rainfall condition. The analysis results of slope failure scale show that the depth of slope failure is maximum 2.1 m and the length of slope failure is 18.6 m toward the dip direction of slope. Second, we developed a 3-D simulation program to analyze characteristics of runout behavior of debris flow. The developed program was applied to highly vulnerable areas to slope failure. The result of 3-D simulation shows that debris flow moves toward the central part of the valley with the movement direction of landslide from the upper part to the lower part of the slope. 3-D simulation shows that debris flow moves down to the bottom of mountain slope with a speed of 7.74 m/s and may make damage to the tunnel portal directly after 10 seconds from slope failure.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.21-28
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• 2023

In this paper, an experimental study was conducted to present the properties of rapid hardening composite mat, and a numerical analysis was carried out to analyze the slope protection effect of the mats based on ground conditions, rainfall, slope gradient and soil height. As a result, the application of rapid hardening composite mat increased the slope safety factor in all conditions, and the increase rate of safety factor showed an average of 40% increase both in dry and rainy seasons. Through these research findings, the protective effect of the rapid hardening composite mat on sloping surfaces has been proven, and it is suggested that the rapid hardening composite mat is suitable for application in areas where slope failure or collapse is expected.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 2010

The alternative load path method based on a column removal scenario has been commonly used to protect building structures from being progressively collapsed due to probable blast loading. However, this method yields highly conservative result when the columns still have substantial load resisting capacity after blast. In this study, the behavior of RC columns with rectangular and circular sections under the blast loading was investigated and the remaining capacity of the partially damaged columns was compared. AUTODYN which is a hydrocode for the analysis of the structure on the impact and blast loading was used for this study. The blast loading was verified with the experiment results. The analysis results showed that the circular columns are preferable to the rectangular ones in respect of the blast resistance performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.191-200
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• 2011

Levee failure cause the huge amount of damage to human and property. Overflow and erosion of levee are primary cause of a break in a levee but the analysis of breach pattern and impact is partially inadequate. The flow characteristics of meandering rivers are very important in field of river hydraulics that should be studied in practical viewpoints relating to river levee. In meandering the secondary flow that rotary direction is changed reciprocally occurs in three dimension is known. In this study flow characteristics of local river are considered and of meandering channels are analyzed using CCHE2D and FLOW3D. The stability and accuracy of models are examined comparing the measuring and analyzed data for the experimental channel and natural river(Namgang). Consequently, the flow characteristics in a meandering river are suggested precisely and it is essential that river levees having meandering river should be analyzed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.10C
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• pp.902-911
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• 2002

A wireless ad-hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile hosts forming a temporary network without the aid of any centralized adminstration or standard support services. Wireless ad-hoc networks may be quite useful in that they can be instantly deployable and resilient to change. In this environment, for many crucial distributed applications, it is necessary to design robust virtual infrastructures that are fault-tolerant, self-stabilized, and resource-efficient. For this task this paper proposes a scheme of maintaining robust spanning trees which are little affected by topological changes. By maintaining such a spanning tree and adapting it to the environments with frequent topological changes, one can improve the reliability and efficiency of many applications that use the spanning tree.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.38-38
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• 2016

기후변화로 인한 기온과 강수량의 변화는 국지적이고 집중적인 강우를 유발하게 되었고 이로 인하여 외수범람에 의한 제내지 침수로 인한 피해가 증가하고 있다. 따라서 제내지의 침수로 인한 피해를 예측하기위한 기술이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 하천제방의 파쇄로 인한 홍수량이 제내지에서 어떤 경로로 침수-확산되는지를 파악하기 위하여 홍수의 침수경로를 모의할 수 있는 분포형홍수범람모형인 SIMOD(Simplified Inundation MODel) 모형을 개발하였다. 침수경로를 모의하기 위하여 홍수가 발생된 시점에서 그리드화된 주변셀로의 홍수전의를 위하여 주변셀과의 경사를 이용하여 차등 분배하는 다중흐름방향법(Multi Direction Method, MDM)과, 하나의 낮은 고도의 셀에서 수위가 높아져 인접셀보다 수위가 증가하면 그 수위는 인접 셀들과 균등해 진다는 가정인 평수가정법(Flat-Water Assumption, FWA)을 적용하였다. 모형의 평가를 위하여 가상시나리오를 설정하여 대상지역에서 시간에 따른 침수범위를 산정하였다. SIMOD 모형은 지형도(DEM)와 유입 홍수량의 간단한 입력자료를 이용하기 때문에 모의시간을 현저하게 단축시킬 수 있다. 강우-유출 모형 또는 제방붕괴 모형 등을 통해서 유입되는 홍수량만 파악을 할 수 있다면 수 분 내에 결과를 예측할 수 있다. 따라서 EAP(Emergency Action Plan)과 같은 도심지에서 침수로 인한 대피 계획을 수립하는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.263-275
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• 2022

The loss of posterior occlusal support leads to further complications such as collapsed occlusal plane and reduced vertical dimension, and it may cause problems such as facial appearance change, reduced chewing efficiency, and temporomandibular joint disorders. In such case, it is necessary to re-establish occlusal plane and vertical dimension properly through accurate diagnosis and predictable treatment plan. This case report presents a 71-year-old female, whose occlusal plane was collapsed and posterior restorative space was insufficient. To perform a patient-friendly full mouth rehabilitation, proper vertical dimension and occlusal plane were decided by evaluation of interocclusal space at her physiologic mandibular rest position, swallowing, pronunciation, facial appearance, and the average length of anterior teeth. And then, the fixed provisional restorations were fabricated with the new occlusal position, and evaluated for 5 months with checking adaptation of masticatory muscles and any kind of clinical symptoms occurs or not. After confirmation of functional stability and esthetic satisfaction with the newly established occlusion, final definitive restorations were fabricated and inserted in the mouth. Through the above process, the treatment result was functionally and aesthetically satisfactory.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.281-291
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• 2013

A hypothetical repository was assumed to be located at the KURT (KAERI Underground Research Tunnel) site, and the travel times of radionuclides released from three source positions were calculated. The groundwater flow around the KURT site was simulated and the groundwater pathways from the hypothetical source positions to the shallow groundwater were identified. Of the pathways, three pathways were selected because they had highly water-conductive features. The transport travel times of the radionuclides were calculated by a TDRW (Time-Domain Random Walk) method. Diffusion and sorption mechanisms in a host rock matrix as well as advection-dispersion mechanisms under the KURT field condition were considered. To reflect the radioactive decay, four decay chains with the radionuclides included in the high-level radioactive wastes were selected. From the simulation results, the half-life and distribution coefficient in the rock matrix, as well as multiple pathways, had an influence on the mass flux of the radionuclides. For enhancing the reliability of safety assessment, this reveals that identifying the history of the radionuclides contained in the high-level wastes and investigating the sorption processes between the radionuclides and the rock matrix in the field condition are preferentially necessary.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.295-303
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• 2012

Based on the data observed and analyzed on a groundwater flow system in the KURT (KAERI Underground Research Tunnel) site, the transport of radionuclides, which were assumed to be released at the supposed position, was calculated on the time-domain. A groundwater pathway from the release position to the surface was identified by simulating the groundwater flow model with the hydrogeological characteristics measured from the field tests in the KURT site. The elapsed time when the radionuclides moved through the pathway is evaluated using TDRW (Time Domain Random Walk) method for simulating the transport on the time-domain. Some retention mechanisms, such as radioactive decay, equilibrium sorption, and matrix diffusion, as well as the advection-dispersion were selected as the factors to influence on the elapsed time. From the simulation results, the effects of the sorption and matrix diffusion, determined by the properties of the radionuclides and underground media, on the transport of the radionuclides were analyzed and a decay chain of the radionuclides was also examined. The radionuclide ratio of the mass discharge into the surface environment to the mass released from the supposed repository did not exceed $10^{-3}$, and it decreased when the matrix diffusion were considered. The method used in this study could be used in preparing the data on radionuclide transport for a safety assessment of a geological disposal facility because the method could evaluate the travel time of the radionuclides considering the transport retention mechanism.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.83-90
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• 1990

Ultra Rapid Hardening Cement (LJRHC) makes immediate response, cracks and finally collapses in the 5 % acid solution. Such physical and chemical reaction is assumed to occur beCaUSE) it contains calcium aluminate( 11 Cao . 7AI,O, . CaF,) and the hydrate. This experimental study aims to improve URHC by making up for its weakness, which appears when its pro¬perties are compared with other cements properties, in the Polymer Cement Mortar(PCM) The result are : PCM using URHC proved to be inferior to PCM using other cements in the resistance to the acid in that the former cracked and collapsed after 10 days, and 22 days, in P/C=O%, and 5% respectively. And in P/C=15% and 20 % the PCM using URHC proved to be more resistant to the acid.